Archives West Finding Aid
Table of Contents
Herbert J. Wunderlich papers, 1890-1999
Overview of the Collection
- Creator
- Wunderlich, Herbert J., 1906-2002
- Title
- Herbert J. Wunderlich papers
- Dates
- 1890-1999 (inclusive)18901999
- Quantity
- 19.0 linear feet
- Collection Number
- Mss 238 (collection)
- Summary
- Herbert J. Wunderlich participated in the U.S. occupation of Japan after World War II; he developed standards for postwar Japanese textbooks. The collection centers on Wunderlich's time in Japan during World War II, his activities under General MacArthur, and his subsequent writings on these subjects.
- Repository
-
University of Montana, Mansfield Library, Archives and Special Collections
Archives and Special Collections
Maureen and Mike Mansfield Library
University of Montana
32 Campus Dr. #9936
59812-9936
Missoula, MT
Telephone: 406-243-2053
library.archives@umontana.edu - Access Restrictions
-
Researchers must use collection in accordance with the policies of Archives and Special Collections, the Maureen and Mike Mansfield Library, and The University of Montana--Missoula.
- Languages
- English, Japanese
- Sponsor
- Funding for encoding this finding aid was provided through a grant awarded by the National Endowment for the Humanities.
Biographical NoteReturn to Top
Born in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho on May 9, 1906, Herbert John Wunderlich graduated from the University of Idaho in 1928 with a B.A. in U. S. History. He received an M.A. from Harvard University in 1934. From 1936 through 1938, Wunderlich was the Assistant Dean of Men at the University of Washington. Later, he was Executive Assistant to the President and the Dean of Men at The University of Idaho from 1938 to 1942. In 1942, Wunderlich joined the United States Navy, eventually attaining the rank of Commander. His last assignment, through 1946, was in Tokyo under General Douglas MacArthur where he became the Civil Information and Education Section officer in charge of textbook revision for the national schools of Japan.
The Potsdam Declaration of July 26, 1945, established that the Japanese government would remove all obstacles to the strengthening of democratic tendencies among the Japanese. Freedom of speech, religion, and thought were to be established. The United States Initial Post-Surrender Policy for Japan, August 29, 1945, further directed that militarism and ultra-nationalism should be eliminated from the educational system. On October 2, 1945, MacArthur ordered the General Education Section to make recommendations to insure the elimination of militarism and ultra-nationalism and to disseminate democratic principles. Wunderlich and his staff were to develop criteria for textbook and curriculum revision, a procedure for reviewing and approving national textbooks, staff study on Japanese morale (Shushin), Japanese history and geography texts and curriculum, interim textbooks and teaching materials, vocational and university textbooks, and the education mission to Japan.
Following his return stateside, Wunderlich was employed by Stanford University where he was in charge of Stanford Village, the University's veteran housing project. He received his Doctor of Education degree from Stanford in 1952. At the end of 1948, he took the position of Dean of Students and Professor of Education at Montana State University in Missoula (now known as The University of Montana-Missoula). Wunderlich left Montana in 1955 to pursue other interests, including positions as the Dean of Students at Kansas State University and as the Vice President of the University of South Florida at Tampa.
Wunderlich eventually returned to Idaho and lived there until his death in 2002.
Content DescriptionReturn to Top
The collection centers on Wunderlich's time in Japan during World War II, his activities under General MacArthur, and his subsequent writings on these subjects. Materials include correspondence, printed materials, clippings, maps, publications, a sculpture, photos, artwork, and other memorabilia. Many portions of the collection, particularly the publications, are in Japanese.
Use of the CollectionReturn to Top
Restrictions on Use
Researchers are responsible for using in accordance with 17 U.S.C. and any other applicable statutes. Copyright transferred to The University of Montana.
Preferred Citation
[Name of document or photograph number], Herbert J. Wunderlich Papers, Archives and Special Collections, Maureen and Mike Mansfield Library, The University of Montana--Missoula.
Administrative InformationReturn to Top
Arrangement
The collection is divided into eleven series:
Series I: General Correspondence, 5 items, 1955-1988
Series II: Printed Materials, 0.25 linear feet, 1944-1946
Series III: School Notes/Records, 0.5 linear feet, 1944-1946
Series IV: Dissertation and Other Writings, 1.75 linear feet, 1945-1984
Series V: Clippings, 1.1 linear feet, 1943-1990
Series VI: Maps, 2.5 linear feet, 1943-1945
Series VII: The Wunderlich Collection, 1 linear foot and 3 microfilm reels, 1890-1946 and 1986
Series VIII: Publications, 1.5 linear feet, 1927-1999
Series IX: Artifacts, 9 linear feet, undated
Series X: Harry Wray Research Materials, 2 folders, 1945-1986
Series XI: Photographs, Art, and Memorabilia, 1.5 linear feet, 1945-1986 and undated
Custodial History
Wunderlich donated the first portion of the collection to The University of Montana in 1989. The bronze bust of Wunderlich was given to the Maureen and Mike Mansfield Center at The University of Montana. In 2004 additions to the collection were picked up at the Wunderlich home in Idaho and transferred to the Archives.
Acquisition Information
Gift of Herbert J. Wunderlich, 1989. Additional papers donated by his wife, Helen Wunderlich, in 2004
Processing Note
The actions of the original processors are unknown. In 1997, the collection was re-described, with the basic organization of previous processors retained. In 2008, the additional materials acquired in 2004 were integrated into the previously processed collection. In 2014, a box of Wunderlich's personal books and pamphlets, some with annotations, was added to the collection. Additional published materials and ephemera were added to the collection in 2016.
Related Materials
Related MaterialsHerbert Wunderlich's dissertation The Japanese textbook problem and solution, 1945-1946 is held by Stanford University.
Detailed Description of the CollectionReturn to Top
Series I: General Correspondence , 1955-1988Return to Top
Correspondence relates to recollections of Wunderlich's career and his donations of materials to the Hoover Library at Stanford University and to the Mansfield Center at the University of Montana-Missoula.
Container(s) | Description | Dates |
---|---|---|
Box/Folder | ||
1/1 | 1955-1988 |
Series II: Printed Materials , 1944-1946Return to Top
This series consists of printed materials produced by the U.S. government, mostly concerning civil affairs training for military personnel stationed in Japan.
Container(s) | Description | Dates |
---|---|---|
Box/Folder | ||
1/2 | Civil Affairs Handbook, Japan
|
1944 |
1/3 | Civil Affairs Staging Area-Staff
& Plan, Japan |
1944 |
1/4 | Japanese Language Instruction
|
1944 |
1/5 | Civil Affairs Handbook
|
1945 |
1/6 | Normal School Statistics
|
1946 |
1/7 | United States Military Government
in Korea |
1946 |
Series III: School Notes/Records , 1944-1946Return to Top
Includes course materials (syllabi, bibliographies, lists of films shown) for the Civil Affairs Training School at the University of Chicago. Most are concerned with practical subjects like economics and language, but there are also materials on the character of the Japanese people. Other materials are from the University of Michigan, the University of Wisconsin, and Columbia University; they were apparently used at the Civil Affairs Training School in Chicago. There are copies of four books: one on Chinese character writing, and three on Japanese language: Introduction to Japanese Writing, Japanese Language Handbook, and Introduction to Spoken Japanese.
Container(s) | Description | Dates |
---|---|---|
Box/Folder | ||
1/8 | Civil Affairs Training School,
University of Chicago |
1944 |
1/9 | Civil Affairs Training School,
University of Chicago |
1944 |
1/10 | Civil Affairs Training School,
University of Chicago |
1944-1945 |
1/11 | Civil Affairs Training School,
University of Chicago |
1944-1945 |
1/12 | Civil Affairs Training School,
University of Chicago |
1944 |
1/13 | Civil Affairs Training School
(Bloch) |
1944 |
1/14 | Civil Affairs Training School,
(Borton) |
1944 |
1/15 | Civil Affairs Training School,
University of Chicago, (Buchanan) |
1944 |
1/16 | Civil Affairs Training School,
University of Chicago, (Embree) |
1944 |
1/17 | Civil Affairs Training School,
University of Chicago, (Embree) |
1944 |
2/1 | Civil Affairs Training School,
(Jones) |
1944 |
2/2 | Civil Affairs Training School,
University of Chicago, (McNair) |
1944 |
2/3 |
Charts for the Writing of Chinese Characters
|
1943 |
2/4 | Japanese Language books
|
1942-1945 |
2/5 | Notes on Japanese Culture
|
1946 |
Series IV: Dissertation and Other Writings , 1945-1984Return to Top
This series includes two typescripts of Wunderlich's 1952 dissertation, The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution, 1945-1946: one draft from June of 1952 and another, more complete draft from July of the same year, as well as additional materials related to his dissertation research. It also contains a typescript of the 1984 manuscript, Reminiscences of Occupation, in English, along with Gary Tsuchimochi's Japanese translations. Other materials include the transcript of a 1953 speech by Wunderlich, miscellaneous handwritten notes, and a ledger in which he kept his journal in 1945 and 1946.
Container(s) | Description | Dates |
---|---|---|
Box/Folder | ||
2/6 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Chapter I |
1952 |
2/7 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Chapter II |
1952 |
2/8 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Chapter III |
1952 |
2/9 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Chapter IV |
1952 |
2/10 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Chapter V |
1952 |
2/11 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Chapter VI |
1952 |
2/12 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Chapter VII |
1952 |
2/13 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Chapter VIII |
1952 |
2/14 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Chapter IX |
1952 |
2/15 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Chapter X |
1952 |
2/16 | Dissertation research materials
|
1946 and undated |
2/17 | Reminiscences of Occupation, pp.
1-38 |
1984 |
2/18 | Reminiscences of Occupation, pp.
39-77 |
1984 |
12/1 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Title Page, Table of Contents, and Chapter 1 |
July, 1952 |
12/2 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Chapter 2 |
July, 1952 |
12/3 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Chapter 3 |
July, 1952 |
12/4 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Chapter 4 |
July, 1952 |
12/5 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Chapter 5 |
July, 1952 |
12/6 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Chapter 6 |
July, 1952 |
12/7 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Chapter 7 |
July, 1952 |
12/8 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Chapter 8 |
July, 1952 |
12/9 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Chapter 9 |
July, 1952 |
12/10 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Chapter 10 |
July, 1952 |
12/11 |
The Japanese Textbook Problem and Solution,
1945-1946, Bibliography and Appendices |
July, 1952 |
12/12 | Miscellaneous dissertation
materials |
undated |
12/13 | Additional Writings: 1953 Phi
Beta Kappa Address, various handwritten notes |
1953-1983 |
Box | ||
OS 13 | Psychological Warfare Branch
ledger (Wunderlich's journal) |
1945-1946 |
Series V: Clippings , 1943-1990Return to Top
This series consists of clippings from popular magazines and newspapers on Japan, education, and Wunderlich himself.
Container(s) | Description | Dates |
---|---|---|
Box/Folder | ||
2/19 | Clippings |
1943-1990 |
Box | ||
OS 14 | Souvenir copy of Honolulu
Star-Bulletin, December 7, 1941 |
circa 1987 |
OS 14 | Pittsburgh
Sun-Telegraph |
August 15, 1945 |
Series VI: Maps , 1943-1945Return to Top
This series is composed of maps of Japan, China, nearby areas, and Europe during the late years of World War II. Many are produced by the Japanese or American governments, and offer details of population, agricultural production, education, and roads and cities. One group of maps also details American military operations in both Japan and Europe between 1943 and 1945.
Container(s) | Description | Dates |
---|---|---|
Box/Folder | ||
2/20 | Japan & China |
1945 |
2/21 | China Coast & Japan
|
1945 |
OS 3/1 | Newsmap, North Burma |
1943 |
OS 3/2 | Newsmap, Bismarck Sea
|
1944 |
OS 3/3 | Southeast Asia |
1944 |
OS 3/4 | Population Map of Japan
|
undated |
OS 4/1 | Naval War Map, No. 2-South China
Sea Area |
undated |
OS 4/2 | Naval War Map, No. 4-The North
Pacific Area |
undated |
OS 4/3 | Planning Maps-Australasia
|
undated |
OS 4/4 | Target Tokyo Maps-Japan
|
undated |
OS 4/5 | The World At War |
1943 |
OS 5/1 | Light Tanks and Self-Propelled
Weapons |
February 1943 |
OS 5/2 | Heavy, Medium, and Light Armored
Cars |
March 1943 |
OS 5/3 | Gas |
March 1943 |
OS 5/4 | British Aircraft |
April 1943 |
OS 5/5 | Tunisia |
April 1943 |
OS 5/6 | Foxholes |
April 1943 |
OS 5/7 | Army Specialized Training Program
|
May 1943 |
OS 6/1 | "Secret" Weapons (enemy agents)
|
June 1943 |
OS 6/2 | Disease in the Tropics
|
June 1943 |
OS 6/3 | Battle Area on the Eastern Front
|
July 1943 |
OS 6/4 | Gas |
July 1943 |
OS 6/5 | The Pacific and Far East
|
July 1943 |
OS 6/6 | Beyond Sunny Italy |
August 1943 |
OS 6/7 | Progress of the War |
September 1943 |
OS 7/1 | Typical German Infantry Regiment
|
October 1943 |
OS 7/2 | Target Berlin |
October 1943 |
OS 7/3 | Northern Italy |
November 1943 |
OS 7/4 | Malaria |
November 1943 |
OS 7/5 | Southeastern Europe |
April 1944 |
OS 7/6 | Home Front Production
|
May 1944 |
OS 7/7 | Four Approaches to Japan
|
May 1944 |
OS 7/8 | New Guinea |
May 1944 |
OS 7/9 | New Guinea (overseas edition)
|
June 1944 |
Series VII: The Wunderlich Collection, 1890-1946 and 1986Return to Top
This series includes working papers, records of meetings, staff studies, Mombusho Horei and reports, Japanese historical documents, personal letters, observations and speeches of Japanese scholars and leaders, digests and clippings of Japanese newspapers from the period, and Wunderlich's personal journal. Entitled the "Wunderlich Collection" (either by Wunderlich himself, or by National Institute of Educational Research of Japan, which microfilmed the documents in 1986 in an effort to re-construct the history of postwar education in Japan), the documents were compiled by Wunderlich during the first six months (1945-1946) of the occupation of Japan. Wunderlich used these materials to produce both his 1952 dissertation and his Reminiscences of Occupation (See Series IV). This series includes a copy of the microfilm produced by the National Institute of Educational Research of Japan.
Container(s) | Description | Dates |
---|---|---|
Box/Folder | ||
8/1 | Background / Introduction to the
microfilm of The Wunderlich Collection of Documents |
undated |
8/2 | A-Civil Information &
Education Section |
1945-1946 |
8/3 | B-Japanese Textbooks |
1945-1946. |
8/4 | C-Suspension of Morals (Shushin)
Japanese History and Geography |
1945-1946 |
8/5 | D-Charts in Color Code Used in
Screening Japanese Textbooks |
1945-1946 |
8/6 | E-
Kokutai No Hongi (Fundamental Principles Of
National Structure) |
1945-1946 |
8/7 | F-Democratization of Education
|
1945-1946 |
8/8 | G-Japanese Opinion |
1945-1946 |
8/9 | H-Translations of Japanese Press
on Education Reform |
1945-1946 |
8/10 | I-Newspaper Clippings
|
1945 |
8/11 | J-Mombusho Reports and Surveys
|
1945-1946 |
8/12 | K-Japanese Textbook Regulations
|
1945-1946 |
9/1 | L-Japanese School Regulations
|
1935-1943 |
9/2 | M-Japanese School Regulations
|
1914-1944 |
9/3 | N-Mombusho Course Regulations and
Objectives |
1937-1944 |
9/4 | O-Japanese School Discipline
|
1902-1938 |
9/5 | P-Japanese Civil Service
|
1898-1941 |
9/6 | Q-Japanese Historical Documents
|
1890-1946 |
9/7 | R-U.S. Education Mission
|
1946 |
9/8 | S-Japanese Universities
|
1897-1946 |
9/9 | Excerpts from Textbooks
|
undated |
9/10 | T-Personal
Memorabilia |
1944-1990 |
Series VIII: Publications , 1927-1999 Return to Top
This series consists of publications in English and Japanese, most of which regard Japanese education. They range from a student paper from the University of Florida to copies of the Research Bulletin of Educational History of the Allied Occupation of Japan. There are also numerous military and civil affairs manuals dating from 1940 to 1944, several pamphlets and several books. There is also one linear foot of unsorted books, pamphlets, and ephemera including Japanese travel books, educational manuals, Japanese language books,
Container(s) | Description | Dates |
---|---|---|
Box/Folder | ||
10/1 | Publications
Articles in Japanese and English. Authors include Hideo Sato,
Gary Tsuchimochi, George Stoddard, Mark T. Orr, and J. Owen Gauntlett.
|
1962-1990 |
10/2 |
Research Bulletin of Educational History of the Allied
Occupation of Japan
|
June 1986 |
10/3 |
List of Titles of Civil Information & Education
Bulletin
|
undated |
10/4 | [publication in Japanese]
|
undated |
10/5 |
The staffs rosters and organization charts of Civil
Information and Education Section
|
undated |
10/6 | [publication in Japanese]
|
undated |
10/7 |
Fukuzawa Yukichi on Education
|
1985 |
10/8 | [publication in Japanese]
|
undated |
10/9 | [publication in Japanese]
|
undated |
10/10 |
Civil Affairs Manual
|
1944 |
10/11 |
Basic Field Manual: Rules of Land Warfare
|
1940 |
10/12 |
Standard Policy and Procedure for Combined Civil Affairs
Operations in North West Europe (2 copies) |
1944 |
10/13 |
United States Army and Navy Manual of Military Government
and Civil Affairs
|
1943 |
10/14 |
Civil Affairs Studies: Illustrative Cases from Military
Occupations
|
1944 |
10/15 |
Manual for Officer Students of the United States Naval
Reserve
|
1943 |
10/16 |
Suye Mura: A Japanese Village
|
1939 |
10/17 |
Symbols Appearing on Original Japanese Maps of All Scales
and on AMS Publications of Japanese Areas
|
1944 |
Box | ||
26 |
Unsorted books, pamphlets, and ephemera |
1927-1991 |
Series IX: Artifacts , undatedReturn to Top
This series includes a bronze bust of Wunderlich sculpted by George Carlson and given to the Maureen and Mike Mansfield Center at The University of Montana. Other materials are mostly from Wunderlich's time in Japan, including art and craft items, military artifacts, and a kimono.
Container(s) | Description | Dates |
---|---|---|
Box | ||
11 | Bronze bust of Wunderlich
Carlson, George
|
undated |
17 | Painting on square wooden tray of
Onnagata, female impersonator, by Sharaku. |
undated |
18 | Samurai Short Sword and
Stand |
undated |
OS 19 | Black Kimono |
undated |
20 | Black vase, irregular oval shape;
surface finish dulled and scratched |
undated |
OS 21 | Cloth artifacts (possibly belong
with kimono) |
undated |
22 | Naval Epaulette - Gold and Red;
Japanese script on underside |
undated |
23 | Paper, Wood and Plastic Fan -
Silver with red, blue, green, and pink leaf and floral design |
undated |
23 | Paper and Wood Fan - Green with
pink floral design |
undated |
OS 24 | Paper and Wood Fan with wooden
stand, Red and Gold Floral design, in box labeled Mitsukishi |
1993 |
OS 24 | Paper and Wood Fan with brown,
black, and red floral design; with pair of black and gold
chopsticks |
1993 |
OS 24 | Cloisonne dish with gold
background and image of two white and black cranes |
undated |
OS 24 | Green cloth with rural scene;
cloth envelope with pink floral design; green envelope labeled
"Cara" |
undated |
OS 24 | Miscellaneous artifacts - Black
and brown chopsticks, some with gold designs; brown card with script; military
uniform insignia |
undated |
Series X: Harry Wray Research Materials and Correspondence , 1945-1986Return to Top
In the 1980s, Professor Harry Wray, then Associate Professor of East Asian History at Illinois State University, was researching post-war Japan, focusing especially on education. As part of this research he interviewed American staff who worked in or with the Education Section, including Wunderlich. He also later corresponded with Wunderlich. This series consists of documents related to his interactions with Wunderlich. Most of the materials in this series include handwritten notations by Wunderlich.
Container(s) | Description | Dates |
---|---|---|
Box/Folder | ||
12/14 | Interview Transcript
Wray's 1980 interview with Wunderlich and Mark Orr. The
transcript is interspersed with copies of documents from the occupation period
and excerpts from Wunderlich's "Reminiscences" (see Series IV).
|
1945-1980 |
12/17 | Correspondence
Contains Wray's 1986 letter to Wunderlich, with additional
questions for Wunderlich pertaining to Wray's research. Wray included copies of
documents from the occupation period and excerpts of his interviews with Don
Nugent, Joe Trainor, Eileen Donovan, and Robert Hall (all colleagues of
Wunderlich during the occupation in Japan).
|
1945-1986 |
Series XI: Photos, Memorabilia and Art , 1945-1986Return to Top
This series consists mostly of photos, postcards, and artwork from Wunderlich's time in Japan. Also included is an official copy of the Japanese Surrender Document from WWII. (Titles for the artwork were designated by the processor and are not official.)
Container(s) | Description | Dates |
---|---|---|
Box/Folder | ||
15/1 | Official Japanese Surrender
Document and postcard of MacArthur signing |
September 2, 1945 |
15/2 | Photos - Japan and Japanese
art |
1945-1946 |
15/3 | Photos, photo negatives, and
postcards from Japan |
1945-4946 |
Box | ||
15/4 | Photos - Gary Tsuchimochi and
Wunderlich; Tsuchimochi, Mitsuhiko Sampa, Soji Katakami, and Hideo Satow during
microfilming |
1984, 1986 |
15/5 | "To Kay" - poem by Nabaru
Takahasi |
April, 1946 |
OS 16 | Painting - Six
Warriors |
unknown |
OS 16 | Painting - Snowstorm |
unknown |
OS 16 | Painting - Woman
Walking |
unknown |
OS 16 | Painting - Woman with
Fan |
unknown |
OS 16 | Painting - Woman
sitting |
unknown |
OS 16 | Photograph - "W.B.L.
Boston" |
1934 |
OS 16 | Watercolor Portrait |
1945 |
OS 16 | Pencil Portrait |
unknown |
OS 16 | C.M. Russell print - "The Buffalo
Hunt" |
1898 |
OS 16 | C.M. Russell print - "Jerked
Down" |
1907 |
OS 16 | Painting - Woman on
silk |
unknown |
OS 24 | Six paintings on white cardboard
with gilt edges, various floral, landscape, and portrait scenes |
undated |
25 | Fabric art design, cardboard
backing - Red, orange, pink, and gold on a white background |
undated |
Names and SubjectsReturn to Top
Subject Terms
- Americans--Japan
- Democracy--Japan
- Education and state--Japan
- Militarism--Japan
- Nationalism and education--Japan
- Reconstruction (1939-1951)--Japan
- Textbooks--Censorship--Japan
Corporate Names
- Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers. Civil Information and Education Section
- United States. Navy--Foreign service--Japan
- United States. Navy--Officers
- University of Idaho--Alumni and alumnae
Geographical Names
- Japan--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1952
Form or Genre Terms
- Artifacts
- Maps