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New Mine Sapphire Syndicate records, 1898-1958

Overview of the Collection

Creator
New Mine Sapphire Syndicate
Title
New Mine Sapphire Syndicate records
Dates
1898-1958 (inclusive)
Quantity
2.5 linear feet of shelf space
Collection Number
MC 74 (collection)
Summary
The New Mine Sapphire Syndicate was a British-owned company which operated the Yogo sapphire mines in Judith Basin County, Montana. Records consist of incoming (1914-1934) and outgoing (1904-1931) correspondence between mine manager Charles T. Gadsden and syndicate offices in London; directors' minutes (1914-1930); stockholders reports (1915-1933); financial records; organizational materials; and miscellany. Also included are two letterpress books of outgoing correspondence (1924-1931) concerning Gadsden's mink raising business.
Repository
Montana Historical Society, Library & Archives
Montana Historical Society Research Center Archives
225 North Roberts
PO Box 201201
Helena MT
59620-1201
Telephone: 4064442681
Fax: 4064445297
mhslibrary@mt.gov
Access Restrictions

Collection open for research.

Languages
English
Sponsor
Funding for encoding this finding aid was provided through a grant awarded by the National Endowment for the Humanities.
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Historical Note

In 1879, gold discovered on Yogo Creek in the Little Belt Mountains of central Montana brought new settlers who established a camp they called "Yogo." The small town quickly grew to several hundred people, but by 1883 few prospectors remained. Two of those prospectors, Jake Hoover and Frank Hobson, discovered a new strike in 1894 and convinced Lewistown banker S.S. Hobson, and Chicago veterinarian, Dr. J.A. Bouvet, to finance work on their claims. Sluicing efforts of the following year proved unsuccessful, but a continual showing of "blue stones" (or sapphires) and favorable reports on the stones from Tiffany's of New York prompted a new partnership. In 1898, the New Mine Sapphire Syndicate was formed with headquarters near Utica, Montana. S.S. Hobson served as vice president, and Mathew Dunn and George A. Wells, both Great Falls residents, served respectively as president and secretary-treasurer. By 1901, an English marketing firm, Johnson, Walker and Tolhurst, had bought out the American partners. That same year Charles T. Gadsden, a native of Berkhampstead, England, who had worked at Yogo for ten years, became resident manager. He continued in charge of the workings until his death in 1954. The British operations proved extremely successful and the company returned high dividends to its stockholders. In 1914, the rival Yogo American Sapphire Company sold out to the English syndicate ensuring them a monopoly of Yogo sapphires. During World War I, the London-based company operated on a small scale. However, following the war, a series of events forced the closure of the mines. Beset by currency difficulties, double taxation from Britain and the U.S., and severe property damage from a July 26, 1923, cloudburst, the business faltered. In 1927, operations ceased and repair work was put off indefinitely. In 1956, the British syndicate sold its operations to a group of Montana businessmen including Thomas P. Sidwell and E.K. Cheadle, both of Billings. Estimates of the worth of Yogo sapphires mined during the years of profitable operation range from three to four million dollars, with an individual sapphire bringing as much as $1,600. Yogo sapphires were especially valued for their uniformity of color.

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Content Description

The records consist primarily of letterpress books containing outgoing correspondence (1904-1931) of Charles T. Gadsden, mine manager. Two volumes contain his personal correspondence (1924-1931) dealing with mink-raising activities. In addition, there are minutes (1914-1930) of directors' meetings; stockholders' reports of proceedings, and minutes (1915-1933); and general correspondence (1914-1934) from syndicate officials in London.

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Use of the Collection

Restrictions on Use

Researchers must use collection in accordance with the policies of the Montana Historical Society. The Society does not necessarily hold copyright to all materials in the collection. In some cases permission for use may require additional authorization from the copyright owners. For more information contact an archivist.

Preferred Citation

[Item description and date]. New Mine Sapphire Syndicate records, 1898-1958. MC 74. [box and folder number or oversize folder number]. Montana Historical Society Research Center. Archives. Helena, Montana.

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Administrative Information

Arrangement

Arranged by series. Some material housed in oversize folder in archives map case.

Location of Collection

4:4-7

Acquisition Information

Acquisition information available upon request.

Separated Materials

Photographs separated to Photo Archives.

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Detailed Description of the Collection

Detailed Description of the Collection

The following section contains a detailed listing of the materials in the collection

  • Interoffice Correspondence

    • Description: London office to Utica office
      Dates: 1904, 1914-1945
      Container: Box/Folder 1 / 1-7
    • Description: Utica office to London office: letterpress book
      Dates: 1924-1930
      Container: Box/Folder 1 / 8
    • Description: Utica office to London office
      Dates: 1932-1934
      Container: Box/Folder 1 / 9
  • Incoming Correspondence

    • Description: A-O (correspondents include Anaconda Copper Mining Company, E. Mitchell Gunnell, Johns Manville Corporation re history of Yogo sapphires, Montana Board of Equalization, Montana Board of Railroad Commissioners, Montana School of Mines, Oscar Heyman and Brothers)
      Dates: 1922-1942
      Container: Box/Folder 1 / 10
  • Outgoing Correspondence

    • Description: Letterpress books
      Dates: 1904-1924
      Container: Box/Folder 2 / 1-3
    • Description: Letterpress book
      Dates: 1924-1931
      Container: Box/Folder 3 / 1
    • Description: Letterpress books
      Dates: 1905-1920
      Container: Box/Folder 3 / 2-3
    • Description: Letterpress books: Charles T. Gadsden personal (re mink raising business)
      Dates: 1924-1931
      Container: Box/Folder 4 / 1-2
    • Description: Miscellaneous
      Dates: 1914, 1931-1934, 1948, 1956
      Container: Box/Folder 4 / 3
  • Court Papers

    • Description: Thomas P. Sidwell vs. The New Mine Sapphire Syndicate and Charles T. Gadsden complaint, respondents' brief, brief of appellant
      Dates: 1951-1954
      Container: Box/Folder 4 / 4
    • Description: Maude Margaret Gadsden vs. New Mine Sapphire Syndicate appellant's brief, judgment, miscellaneous
      Dates: 1958
      Container: Box/Folder 4 / 5
  • Financial Records

    • Description: Balance sheets
      Dates: 1918-1928
      Container: Box/Folder 4 / 6
    • Description: Journal
      Dates: 1925-1952
      Container: Box/Folder 4 / 7
    • Description: Ledger
      Dates: 1927-1949
      Container: Box/Folder 5 / 1
    • Description: Miscellaneous (includes analysis of ores, returns for net proceeds tax, ledger account sheets, list of debts)
      Dates: 1907-1955, undated
      Container: Box/Folder 5 / 2
  • Legal Documents

    • Description: Land patent application of Frank E. Wright
      Dates: 1898
      Container: Box/Folder 5 / 3
    • Description: Title opinion; report on attachments; liens; mortgages
      Dates: 1951, 1959
      Container: Box/Folder 5 / 4
  • Organization

    • Description: Annual reports to county clerks and recorders
      Dates: 1915-1920, 1956
      Container: Box/Folder 5 / 5
    • Description: Articles of incorporation
      Dates: 1898
      Container: Box/Folder 5 / 6
    • Description: Minutes: directors' meetings
      Dates: 1914-1930
      Container: Box/Folder 5 / 7-9
    • Description: Minutes: stockholders' meetings
      Dates: 1915-1919, 1927-1928, 1932-1933, 1948
      Container: Box/Folder 5 / 10
    • Description: Reports to stockholders
      Dates: 1916-1918
      Container: Box/Folder 5 / 11
  • Photographs

    • Description: List of photographs transferred to the Photo Archives.
      Dates: undated
      Container: Box/Folder 5 / 12
  • Miscellany

    • Description: Blueprints of equipment [some material in OVERSIZE FOLDER available in map case]
      Dates: 1902, 1922
      Container: Box/Folder 5 / 13
    • Description: Blueprints of equipment [Map Case]
      Dates: 1902, 1922
      Container: Oversize Folder 1
    • Description: Historical sketch of company; prospectus [both items are incomplete]
      Dates: 1922, circa 1928
      Container: Box/Folder 5 / 14
    • Description: Letterheads, notes, etc.
      Dates: undated
      Container: Box/Folder 5 / 15
  • Clippings

    • Description: "Sapphires of beauty found in America," Compressed Air Magazine
      Dates: 1930
      Container: Box/Folder 5 / 16

Names and SubjectsReturn to Top

Subject Terms

  • Miners--Montana
  • Mines and Mineral Resources--Montana
  • Mink farming--Montana
  • Sapphire Mines and Mining--Montana

Corporate Names

  • New Mine Sapphire Syndicate (creator)

Geographical Names

  • Utica (Mont.)
  • Yogo (Mont.)
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