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Montana Woman's Christian Temperance Union records, 1883-1976

Overview of the Collection

Creator
Montana Woman's Christian Temperance Union
Title
Montana Woman's Christian Temperance Union records
Dates
1883-1976 (inclusive)
Quantity
10 linear feet of shelf space
Collection Number
MC 160 (collection)
Summary
The Montana Woman's Christian Temperance Union (Montana WCTU) was devoted to prohibition and other social reforms. The collection includes correspondence (1936-1976) of several state officials; constitution and minutes (1883-1971) of annual meetings; financial records (1883-1970s); membership books (1919-1960s); and printed material reflecting WCTU's national program and policies. Also included is a subgroup of records of the Kalispell WCTU locals, including correspondence, financial records, minutes and scrapbooks.
Repository
Montana Historical Society, Library and Archives
Montana Historical Society, Library and Archives
225 North Roberts
PO Box 201201
Helena MT
59620-1201
Telephone: 406-444-2681
Fax: 406-444-5297
mthslibrary@mt.gov
Access Restrictions

Collection is open for research.

Languages
English
Sponsor
Funding for encoding this finding aid was provided through a grant awarded by the National Endowment for the Humanities.
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Historical Note

The Montana Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) was founded in August 1883 as a result of a visit to Montana by National WCTU organizers Frances E. Willard and Anna A. Gordon. The delegates attending the initial meeting, representing Butte, Helena, Dillon, and White Sulphur Springs, elected "Mrs. Dr. Clark" as territorial president. By 1889, under the leadership of Laura E. Howey of Helena, the WCTU had grown to thirteen local unions and ten departments including Social Purity, Presentation of our Cause before Legislature and other Influential Bodies, Unfermented Wine at Sacrament, Purity in Literature and Art, and Alms House.

By 1910 the state union was growing rapidly with over 1000 members and it had diversified its concerns to include support for government aid for destitute mothers, teaching of domestic science in the schools, and opposition to the drinking of Coca-Cola which at that time contained cocaine.

With the national tide of enthusiasm for prohibition and other social reforms, the Montana WCTU membership grew to 4167 active members in 202 local unions by 1916. In addition the WCTU had a full-time lobbyist in the 1913 Legislative Assembly and was influential in its support of reform legislation, including placing woman's suffrage and statewide prohibition on the ballot.

However, the necessity of cooperating with other reform organizations brought dissension and attempts to alter WCTU principles. There was also a decline in activity following legal prohibition.

The WCTU entered a new period of enthusiasm in the late 1930s with the employment of several field workers. In 1947 the Montana Legislative Assembly passed a law authorizing a Narcotics Education Commission, but providing no funding. The WCTU spearheaded the fundraising campaign and was influential in the selection of the narcotics educator and in the development of her program. However, conflict over aims and methods arose between the WCTU and Superintendent of Public Instruction Elizabeth Ireland and the program gradually declined in effectiveness.

Throughout the 1950s and 1960s the women of the Montana WCTU continued to pursue their goal of statewide total abstinence in the face of increasing acceptance by Montanans of social drinking. By the 1970s, unable to attract younger members, the local unions were forced to dissolve. The state organization had ceased to exist by 1976.

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Content Description

This collection contains records of the Montana WCTU. Included is interoffice correspondence (1936-1976), which contains letters of the National WCTU, the Montana WCTU, other states' WCTU organizations, and local unions in Montana. Correspondents for the Montana WCTU include Mrs. W.C. Dawes, Mrs. H.E. Chappell, Bertha Rachel Palmer, Miriam Pease, Agatha Woods, Beatrice Kreis, Amanda Henricksen, Anna Reagan, Helena Mildred Clarke, Mabel Noble, Grace Thiebaud, Elizabeth S. Donahue, Cora Mae Boucher, Francis Lowe, and Mildred Carpenter. In addition there is correspondence with National WCTU field workers including Lily Grace Matteson, Dora Young, Sara Palmer, and Ida Underland.

The records for the Montana WCTU also include general correspondence (1936-1963) with Montana governors and state officials (State Board of Health, Department of Public Instruction), United Temperance Movement of Montana, congressmen, etc.; financial records (1883-1970); printed materials; reports of directors, officers, and local unions; subject files containing materials for various WCTU departments (1922-1976); miscellany; and clippings.

In addition there is a subgroup for the Kalispell WCTU and the Frances E. Willard local union of Kalispell, which includes general correspondence (1942-1973), financial records (1952-1973), minutes of meetings (1919-1973), programs, scrapbooks, and clippings.

There is also a small subgroup of miscellaneous WCTU materials including reports of the World WCTU, the National WCTU, Ohio WCTU, and New York WCTU; and minutes and programs from Montana local unions including Forsyth, Culbertson, Glendive, Libby, Columbia Falls, and Whitefish.

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Use of the Collection

Restrictions on Use

The Montana Historical Society is the owner of the materials in the Research Library and makes available reproductions for research, publication, and other uses. Written permission must be obtained from the Research Library before any reproduction use. The Society does not necessarily hold copyright to all of the materials in the collections. In some cases, permission for use may require seeking additional authorization from the copyright owners.

Preferred Citation

Item description and date. Collection Title. Collection Number. Box and Folder numbers. Montana Historical Society Research Center, Archives, Helena, Montana.

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Administrative Information

Arrangement

Arranged by subgroup and series. Some material housed in Archives Map Case and Manuscript Volumes. See inventory below for more information.

Location of Collection

7:5-3

Acquisition Information

Acquisition information available upon request

Separated Materials

Artifacts, printed material and maps, and photographs have been separated to the Museum, Library, and Photo Archives respectively.

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Detailed Description of the Collection

Detailed Description of the Collection

The following section contains a detailed listing of the materials in the collection

  • Montana W.C.T.U.

    • Interoffice Correspondence

    • General Correspondence

      • Description: A-S (correspondents include Utah Department of Christian Education, Huntley Project Schools, Earl K. Saladen)
        Dates: 1936-1937
        Container: Box/Folder 4 / 10
      • Description: A-S (correspondents include Gov. Roy E. Ayers, Fairfield Times, S. C. Ford, Western Newspaper Union, Wolf Point Herald-News, Julius J. Wuerthner)
        Dates: 1940
        Container: Box/Folder 4 / 11
      • Description: A-S (correspondents include Marvin H. Adams, Artcraft Press, Superintendent of Public Instruction Elizabeth Ireland, Ronan Methodist Church, Western Newspaper Union, Lester E. Whiteman)
        Dates: 1941
        Container: Box/Folder 4 / 12
      • Description: A-S (correspondents include Arthur Adams, Bruce Blunt, Ronan Methodist Church, Western Newspaper Union)
        Dates: 1941
        Container: Box/Folder 4 / 13
      • Description: A-S (correspondents include Artcraft Press, Butte Baptist Church, C. S. Kleckner, Livingston Baptist Church, Mrs. M. D. Lundwall, Pearl Maris, Montana Temperance Movement)
        Dates: 1942
        Container: Box/Folder 4 / 14
      • Description: M. Madeline Southard
        Dates: 1943
        Container: Box/Folder 4 / 15
      • Description: I-W (correspondents include Iowa Narcotics Educator, Montana Superintendent of Public Instruction Elizabeth Ireland, Louis L. Ortmayer, United Temperance Movement of Montana, Chester E. Whittier)
        Dates: 1945
        Container: Box/Folder 5 / 1
      • Description: A-W (correspondents include J. Eric Andrews, General Dwight D. Eisenhower, Idaho Narcotics Educator, Montana Congregational Conference, Montana Governor Sam C. Ford, Montana Superintendent of Public Instruction Elizabeth Ireland, Ohio Health and Narcotics Educator, Louis L. Ortmayer, United Temperance Movement of Montana)
        Dates: 1946
        Container: Box/Folder 5 / 2
      • Description: A-W (correspondents include Allied Youth Inc., Pauline Carlberg, Covenant Woman's Auxiliary, Idaho Narcotics Educator, Walter D. Kemmis, Montana Congregational Conference, Montana Governor Sam C. Ford, Montana Superintendent of Public Instruction Elizabeth Ireland, Montana Board of Health, Ohio Health and Narcotics Educator, Louis L. Ortmayer, United Temperance Movement of Montana, Woman's Society of Christian Service)
        Dates: 1947
        Container: Box/Folder 5 / 3
      • Description: A-W (correspondents include Anaconda Copper Mining Company, Idaho Narcotics Educator, Montana Superintendent of Public Instruction Elizabeth Ireland, Montana Board of Health, Montana Temperance League, Prohibition State Committee, Louis L. Ortmayer, United Temperance Movement of Montana, Whitefish Pilot)
        Dates: 1948
        Container: Box/Folder 5 / 4
      • Description: A-W (correspondents include Eagle Publishing Company, Montana Governor John W. Bonner, Montana Superintendent of Public Instruction Elizabeth Ireland, Montana Board of Health, Montana Temperance Union, Prohibition State Committee, Louis L. Ortmayer, United Temperance Movement of Montana)
        Dates: 1949
        Container: Box/Folder 5 / 5
      • Description: L-U (correspondents include Vernon E. Lewis, Montana Governor John W. Bonner, Montana Board of Health, Edwin Osness, United Temperance Movement)
        Dates: 1950
        Container: Box/Folder 5 / 6
      • Description: C-T (correspondents include Montana Council of Churches Legislative Committee, Montana Board of Health, Montana Superintendent of Public Instruction Mary M. Condon, Montana Legislative Assembly House Appropriations Committee)
        Dates: 1951
        Container: Box/Folder 5 / 7
      • Description: C-M (correspondents include Linus Carleton, Missoula Public Schools)
        Dates: 1952
        Container: Box/Folder 5 / 8
      • Description: A-U (correspondents include Wesley D'Ewart, U. S. Advisory Committee on Voluntary Foreign Aid)
        Dates: 1953
        Container: Box/Folder 5 / 9
      • Description: C-Y (correspondents include Yellowstone County Council of Church Women)
        Dates: 1954
        Container: Box/Folder 5 / 10
      • Description: B-W (correspondents include Berthalee Broyles, Committee Against Liquor Advertising, Hinsdale Tribune, National Temperance and Prohibition Council, U. S. House of Representatives, Western Jurisdiction Board of Temperance of the Methodis Church)
        Dates: 1955
        Container: Box/Folder 5 / 11
      • Description: A-W (correspondents include Hinsdale Tribune, Montana Governor J. Hugo Aronson, President's Committee for Traffic Safety, Revenue without Taxation Committee [pro legalized gambling] )
        Dates: 1956
        Container: Box/Folder 5 / 12
      • Description: A-T (correspondents include Allied Youth Inc., American Business Men's Research Foundation, Labor Research Council, Mike Mansfield, Montana Governor J. Hugo Aronson, Montana State University School of Religion, Preferred Risk Mutual Insurance Company [re blood alcohol levels], Rural Gospel and Medical Missions of India)
        Dates: 1957
        Container: Box/Folder 5 / 13
      • Description: A-Y (correspondents include American Business Men's Research Foundation, Christian Herald Children's Home, Hinsdale Tribune, Japan International Christian University Foundation, Montana Governor J. Hugo Aronson, Montana Highway Patrol, Sam Morris, Plymouth Christian Youth Center, Preferred Risk Mutual Insurance Company [re blood alcohol levels], President's Committee for Traffic Safety, Rural Gospel and Medical Missions of India, Youth Christian Interest Group)
        Dates: 1958
        Container: Box/Folder 5 / 14
      • Description: B-T (correspondents include Education for Total Abstinence Group, Montana Governor J. Hugo Aronson, Montana State Board of Education, National Council of Women of the United States, Rural Gospel and Medical Missions of India, L. P. Tonner, U. S. Commissioner of Internal Revenue)
        Dates: 1959
        Container: Box/Folder 5 / 15
      • Description: A-W (correspondents include Christian Children's Fund, Mike Mansfield, Lee Metcalf, Montana Governor J. Hugo Aronson, Montana State Liquor Control Board, National Council of Women of the United States, Network of Patriotic Letter Writers, Vice President Richard M. Nixon, Prohibition National Committee, U. S. Food and Drug Administration)
        Dates: 1960
        Container: Box/Folder 5 / 16
      • Description: A-W (correspondents include Montana Legislators and Congressmen)
        Dates: 1961
        Container: Box/Folder 5 / 17
      • Description: A-R (correspondents include Church League of America, Kwoi Girls' School, Thomas I. Lee, Rural Gospel and Medical Missions of India)
        Dates: 1962
        Container: Box/Folder 5 / 18
      • Description: Montana Governor Tim Babcock
        Dates: 1963
        Container: Box/Folder 5 / 19
      • Description: K-W (correspondents include Kansas Conference of the Wesleyan Methodist Church, Mennonite Broadcasters Inc., National Council Against Conscription, M. Madeline Southard, Temperance Committee of the Protestant Churches of Cascade County, Woman's Society of Christian Service)
        Dates: undated
        Container: Box/Folder 5 / 20
    • Financial Records

    • Maps

      • Description: List of maps transferred to the Library Map Collection
        Dates: undated
        Container: Box/Folder 8 / 7
    • Organizational Records

    • Photographs

      • Description: List of photographs transferred to the Photo Archives
        Dates: undated
        Container: Box/Folder 11 / 5
    • Printed Materials

    • Reports

      • Description: Corresponding secretary
        Dates: 1946-1963
        Container: Box/Folder 15 / 1
      • Description: Department directors ("Efficiency standards")[some gaps]
        Dates: 1946-1975
        Container: Box/Folder 15 / 2-5
      • Description: Life-Line Unions
        Dates: 1957-1964
        Container: Box/Folder 15 / 6
      • Description: Local unions [some gaps]
        Dates: 1949-1975
        Container: Box/Folder 15 / 7-15
      • Description: State president
        Dates: 1950-1962
        Container: Box/Folder 15 / 16
    • Subject Files

      • Description: Alcoholic beverage advertising
        Dates: 1957, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 15 / 17
      • Description: American Mothers Committee
        Dates: 1959, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 15 / 18
      • Description: "Behind the skyscrapers" [re distribution of film]
        Dates: 1962
        Container: Box/Folder 15 / 19
      • Description: Drinking and driving
        Dates: 1955-1967
        Container: Box/Folder 15 / 20
      • Description: Duties and requirements of officers; study of departments
        Dates: 1946-1958
        Container: Box/Folder 15 / 21
      • Description: Gold Certificate campaign (fundraising for temperance education)
        Dates: 1938-1939
        Container: Box/Folder 15 / 22
      • Description: Fluoridation of water
        Dates: 1959-1960
        Container: Box/Folder 15 / 23
      • Description: Local survey (re liquor stores, bars, etc. in Montana towns; includes plats and copies of Montana liquor regulations)
        Dates: 1933-1940
        Container: Box/Folder 16 / 1
      • Description: Local union promotion
        Dates: 1946-1961, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 16 / 2
      • Description: Loyal Temperance Legion (LTL)
        Dates: 1945-1969
        Container: Box/Folder 16 / 3
      • Description: Methodist Board of Temperance
        Dates: 1957-1964
        Container: Box/Folder 16 / 4
      • Description: Montana State Board of Health. Narcotics and Alcoholism Advisory Board.
        Dates: 1953
        Container: Box/Folder 16 / 5
      • Description: Montana State Narcotics Education Commission (includes W.C.T.U. Narcotics Education Bureau materials)
        Dates: 1940-1975
        Container: Box/Folder 16 / 6
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Bureau of Legislation
        Dates: 1945-1972, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 16 / 7
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Circulation Department
        Dates: 1939-1946
        Container: Box/Folder 16 / 8
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Armed Services
        Dates: 1955-1960, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 16 / 9
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Character Education; Department of Moral Education
        Dates: 1954-1966, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 16 / 10
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Child Welfare
        Dates: 1940-1966, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 16 / 11
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Christian Citizenship
        Dates: 1954-1966
        Container: Box/Folder 16 / 12
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Christian Outreach
        Dates: 1964-1972, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 16 / 13
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Citizens' Education; Department of Citizenship
        Dates: 1948-1976
        Container: Box/Folder 16 / 14
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Drama and Pageantry
        Dates: 1955-1957, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 16 / 15
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Education (includes teaching aids, poster contests, essay contests, etc.
        Dates: 1965-1974, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 1
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Flower Mission and Relief
        Dates: 1955-1963, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 2
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Health and Medical Temperance
        Dates: 1946-1964, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 3
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Institutes (programs, etc.)
        Dates: 1945-1966, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 4
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of International Relations for Peace
        Dates: 1955-1966, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 5
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Literature
        Dates: 1940-1966, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 6
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Natural Fruit Beverages (includes recipes for non-alcoholic beverages)
        Dates: 1946-1975, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 7
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Organization (includes membership dues, etc.)
        Dates: 1946-1976, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 8
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Parliamentary Law
        Dates: 1939-1970, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 9
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Radio and Television
        Dates: 1941-1961, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 10
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Religious Education (includes Sunday School and Bible lessons)
        Dates: 1946-1961, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 11
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Scientific Temperance Instruction
        Dates: 1951-1966, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 12
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Social Services
        Dates: 1962-1972
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 13
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Spiritual Life
        Dates: 1955-1964
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 14
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Temperance Education in Church Schools (includes "Quarterly temperance lesson")
        Dates: 1955-1966
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 15
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Department of Visual Education; Projection Methods Department
        Dates: 1946-1976, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 16
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Field Service
        Dates: 1936-1941, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 17
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Home Protection Department (includes White Ribbon materials)
        Dates: 1952-1972, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 18
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Leadership Training School
        Dates: 1955-1970
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 19
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Publicity Department
        Dates: 1946-1972
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 20
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Research Bureau (includes facts and figures on alcohol use)
        Dates: 1946-1956, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 17 / 21
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Sojourner Truth (re African American local unions)
        Dates: 1956-1959
        Container: Box/Folder 18 / 1
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Speech Contest Department (includes "Approved selections" booklets)
        Dates: 1946-1964, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 18 / 2
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Temperance and Missions Department (includes Life-Line Union materials)
        Dates: 1946-1966
        Container: Box/Folder 18 / 3
      • Description: W.C.T.U. Young People's Branch (includes Life-Line Union materials)
        Dates: 1922, 1925
        Container: Box/Folder 18 / 4
      • Description: White House Conference on Children and Youth
        Dates: 1960
        Container: Box/Folder 18 / 5
      • Description: White Ribbon Recruits
        Dates: 1955-1963
        Container: Box/Folder 18 / 6
      • Description: Frances E. Willard
        Dates: 1905-1961
        Container: Box/Folder 18 / 7
      • Description: The Woman's Crusade
        Dates: undated
        Container: Box/Folder 18 / 8
      • Description: Woman's voice materials for publication, etc.)
        Dates: 1957-1964
        Container: Box/Folder 18 / 9
      • Description: Workshops, planning conferences, training conferences, summer school programs, etc.
        Dates: 1945-1957
        Container: Box/Folder 18 / 10
      • Description: Youth Temperance Council
        Dates: 1936-1965, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 18 / 11-12
    • Miscellany

      • Description: Addresses, sermons, etc. (Warren G. Harding, Ronald Reagan, etc.)
        Dates: 1921, 1958, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 18 / 13
      • Description: Coloring sheets for children (including "The adventures of Jack Sack")
        Dates: 1954-1955
        Container: Box/Folder 18 / 14
      • Description: "First Years" (notes on Montana W.C.T.U. by Mrs. T. V. Carpenter)
        Dates: undated
        Container: Box/Folder 18 / 15
      • Description: "Flannel-O-Graph" materials (temperance and health lessons for flannel boards)
        Dates: undated
        Container: Box/Folder 18 / 16
      • Description: Flathead County Federation of Women's Clubs program; National Federation of Music Clubs State and District Presidents Council minutes
        Dates: 1957
        Container: Box/Folder 19 / 1
      • Description: Itineraries, schedules, calendars of events, etc.
        Dates: 1936-1971
        Container: Box/Folder 19 / 2
      • Description: List of artifacts transferred to the Museum
        Dates: undated
        Container: Box/Folder 19 / 3
      • Description: Loyal Temperance Legion scrapbooks
        Dates: 1950s
        Container: Box/Folder 19 / 4
      • Description: Mailing lists
        Dates: undated
        Container: Box/Folder 19 / 5
      • Description: Membership pledge cards, certificates, etc.
        Dates: 1940-1962
        Container: Box/Folder 19 / 6
      • Description: "My Ought-To Mobile" kit
        Dates: 1958
        Container: Box/Folder 19 / 7
      • Description: "Outline of 1942 newspaper program"
        Dates: 1942
        Container: Box/Folder 19 / 8
      • Description: Petitions
        Dates: undated
        Container: Box/Folder 19 / 9
      • Description: Quotations
        Dates: undated
        Container: Box/Folder 19 / 10
      • Description: Report forms
        Dates: undated
        Container: Box/Folder 19 / 11
      • Description: Skits, radio plays, etc.
        Dates: 1940-1958, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 19 / 12
      • Description: Song sheets
        Dates: 1937-1959, undated
        Container: Box/Folder 19 / 13
      • Description: Union Signal "Daisy chain"
        Dates: undated
        Container: Box/Folder 19 / 14
      • Description: W.C.T.U. promotional posters, ink blotters, cartoons, stamps, etc.
        Dates: undated
        Container: Box/Folder 19 / 15
      • Description: W.C.T.U. promotional posters, bumper stickers, etc. (includes flannel board and figures) [Oversize Folder]
        Dates: undated
        Container: Oversize Folder 1
      • Description: Woman's voice mailing list card file [card box]
        Dates: 1962
        Container: Cardbox 20
      • Description: Miscellaneous
        Dates: undated
        Container: Box/Folder 19 / 16
    • Clippings

  • Kalispell W.C.T.U.

  • W.C.T.U. national union, district unions, and local unions

Names and SubjectsReturn to Top

Subject Terms

  • Alcoholism--Prevention--Montana
  • Liquor industry--Montana
  • Liquor laws--Montana
  • Prohibition--Montana
  • Temperance--Societies, etc.--Montana
  • Women--Societies and clubs--Montana
  • Women--Suffrage--Montana

Corporate Names

  • Montana Woman's Christian Temperance Union (creator)
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