Murray C. Bernays papers, 1919-1975

Overview of the Collection

Creator
Bernays, Murray C.
Title
Murray C. Bernays papers
Dates
1919-1975 (inclusive)
Quantity
2.70 cubic feet (6 boxes)
Collection Number
03817
Summary
Papers of an American lawyer who planned the legal framework and procedures for the Nuremberg War Crime Trials after World War II.
Repository
American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming
American Heritage Center
University of Wyoming
1000 E. University Ave.
Dept. 3924
Laramie, WY
82071
Telephone: 3077663756
ahcref@uwyo.edu
Access Restrictions
Access Restrictions

There are no access restrictions on the materials for research purposes, and the collection is open to the public.

Languages
English

Historical NoteReturn to Top

Born Murray Cohen in Russia in 1894, Bernays was brought to the United States by his parents as a child. He graduated from Harvard in 1915 and received a law degree from Columbia University in 1919, after serving in France as an artillery lieutenant. In 1917, Murray Cohen, as he was then known, married Hella Bernays. He had his name legally changed to Murray C. Bernays so that his wife’s family name might be kept alive. Murray Bernays was divorced from Hella Bernays in 1923 and, in 1944, he married the former Louise Westing.

Between the late 1920s and early 1940s, Bernays was a partner in the New York law firm Ernst, Gale, Bernays and Falk. He rejoined the U.S. Army during World War II, and became a colonel with the U.S. Army General Staff Corps in 1945. In this capacity, he planned the legal framework and procedures for the Nuremberg War Crime Trials, basing the trials on the legal foundation of conspiracy and publicly trying the war crimes defendants through well-established legal methods. For this, he was awarded the Legion of Merit.

Bernays had intended to go to Japan for the trial of war criminals there, as his trial plan was also to be used there, but because of illness he retired from the U.S. Army. He returned to New York and his law practice in 1945. Bernays died in 1970.

Content DescriptionReturn to Top

Collection contains Murray C. Bernays' files regarding the Nuremberg War Crime Trials, which consist of indexes, agendas, planning documents, legal documents, memos, reports, newspaper clippings, and publications. Included are photographs of Bernays and colleagues. There is also Bernays' correspondence, both personal and communications regarding the Nuremberg Trials. The collection also includes biographical data and files related to Bernays’ military service. Bernays' unpublished book "This is the Land" and his and his wife Louise’s unpublished poetry manuscripts are in this collection as well.

Use of the CollectionReturn to Top

Restrictions on Use

Copyright Information

The researcher assumes full responsibility for observing all copyright, property, and libel laws as they apply.

Preferred Citation

Preferred Citation

Item Description, Box Number, Folder Number, Collection Name, Collection Number, American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming.

Administrative InformationReturn to Top

Related Materials

Related Materials

There are no known other archival collections created by Murray C. Bernays at the date of processing.

Acquisition Information

Acquisition Information

The collection materials were donated by Louise W. Bernays in 1971-1982, and by Peter M. Bernays in 1984.

Processing Note

Processing Information

The material was processed by Clinton Ide and Leslie Waggener in March 2017.

Detailed Description of the CollectionReturn to Top

Series I. Biographical Material and Literary WorksReturn to Top

Series I contains biographical data about Bernays; a photograph of him for The National Cyclopedia of American Biography; his military orders and commissions during World War I and World War II; awards and diplomas; and official documents relating to his retirement from the U.S. Army in 1945. The series also includes unpublished poetry written by Murray Bernays and by Louise Bernays and an unpublished manuscript by Murray Bernays titled, "This is the Land" about a Russian woman who emigrates to the United States with her children in 1899 to join her husband. There are also postcards from trips taken by Murray Bernays while he was in Europe for the Nuremberg Trials.

Container(s) Description Dates
Box
1
Biographical data
undated
1
Murray C. Bernays' awards, certificates, and diplomas
1918-1965
1
Murray C. Bernays' military service, World War I
1918-1924 and undated
1
Murray C. Bernays' military service, World War II
1942-1945
1
Murray C. Bernays' retirement from military service
1945-1950
1
European postcards and tourist map
undated
1
Poetry
1933-1935
1
Poetry
1965, 1967 and undated
2
Poetry
1967 and undated
2
Manuscript for "This is the Land,"
undated

Series II. CorrespondenceReturn to Top

Series II contains personal correspondence including letters written by Murray to Louise Westing in the 1930s before their marriage, undated letters written between them, and letters written to Louise while Murray was in Europe preparing for the Nuremberg Trials. There is also military correspondence and memos that are primarily between the American legal team preparing for the trials, but also between Bernays and some European counterparts. After Bernays' retirement from the U.S. Army in November 1945, the correspondence relates mostly to talks and publications by Bernays about preparations for the Nuremberg Trials.

Container(s) Description Dates
Box
2
Correspondence (personal to Louise Westing)
1933
3
Correspondence (personal to Louise Westing)
1933, 1939
3
Correspondence (personal between Murray and Louise)
undated
3
Correspondence and memos (personal and military)
1942-1944
3
Correspondence and memos (personal and military)
January - June 1945
3
Correspondence and memos (personal and military)
July - September 1945
3
Correspondence and memos (personal and military)
October - December 1945
3
Correspondence (military and Bernays' post-war activities)
January 1946
3
Correspondence (military and Bernays' post-war activities)
February 1946
3
Correspondence (military and Bernays' post-war activities)
March 1946
4
Correspondence (military and Bernays' post-war activities)
April - August 1946
4
Correspondence (Bernays' post-war activities and correspondence with Bernay's widow Louise)
1947-1967, 1972

Series III. Nuremberg War Crimes TrialsReturn to Top

Series III contains files of reports, agendas, memos, telegrams, background literature, testimony, and plans related to the preparation for the Nuremberg Trials. Bernays organized the files in sections under the titles “Preparation of Evidence,” “Secret Evidence,” and “Trial and Punishment.” He numbered each document and provided an index at the beginning of each section indicating the general contents of each numbered document. Additionally, there is one folder of unnumbered documents that were also used for trial preparation. This series also contains news releases produced by the American legal team, photographs, and publications written about the trials by Bernays and other authors.

Container(s) Description Dates
Box
4
Notes on concepts and laws of war criminal prosecution
undated
4
Index for Preparation of Evidence files
undated
4
Preparation of Evidence (folder 1)
1945
4
Preparation of Evidence (folder 2)
1945
4
Preparation of Evidence (folder 3)
1945
4
Index for Secret Evidence files
undated
4
Secret Evidence (folder 1)
1945
4
Secret Evidence (folder 2)
1945
5
Secret Evidence (folder 3)
1945
5
Index for Trial and Punishment files (folders 1-3)
undated
5
Trial and Punishment (folder 1)
1944-1945
5
Trial and Punishment (folder 2)
1945
5
Trial and Punishment (folder 3)
1945
5
Index for Trial and Punishment files (folders 4-6)
undated
5
Trial and Punishment (folder 4)
1945
5
Trial and Punishment (folder 5)
1945
5
Trial and Punishment (folder 6)
1945
6
Trial and Punishment - statements by British and French prosecutors
1946-1946
6
Loose pages of evidentiary materials
1944, 1945, undated
6
Nuremberg Trials press releases
1945
6
Photographs related to Bernays' participation in Nuremberg Trials
1945
6
"Letters to the Editor" about Nuremberg Trials written by Murray C. Bernays
1945 and undated
6
Articles by Murray C. Bernays about Nuremberg Trials in Survey Graphic magazine
1946
6
Article by Murray C. Bernays about Nuremberg Trials in Reader's Digest
1946
6
Articles by Murray C. Bernays about Nuremberg Trials in various publications
1946, 1949, undated
6
Newspaper articles and publications regarding Nuremberg Trials by other authors
1945-1946
6
United States of America v. Erhard Milch: Nuernberg, War Crimes Trials, Records of Case II, Special List No. 38, National Archives and Records Service
1975

Names and SubjectsReturn to Top

Subject Terms

  • Lawyers -- Europe -- 20th century.
  • Lawyers -- United States -- 20th century.
  • Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949.
  • War crimes -- Europe -- 20th century.
  • War criminals -- Europe -- 20th century.
  • World War, 1939-1945 -- Atrocities -- Europe.
  • World War, 1939-1945 -- Destruction and pillage -- Europe.

Corporate Names

  • United States. Army. General Staff Corps.
  • United States. Army -- Lawyers.