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Carsten Lien Olympic National Park photograph collection, 1941-1982

Overview of the Collection

Collector
Lien, Carsten
Title
Carsten Lien Olympic National Park photograph collection
Dates
1941-1982 (inclusive)
Quantity
191 negatives (2 boxes)
48 slides and 21 prints (1 box)
Collection Number
PH0711
Summary
Photographs illustrating the political and environmental history of Olympic National Park
Repository
University of Washington Libraries, Special Collections
Special Collections
University of Washington Libraries
Box 352900
Seattle, WA
98195-2900
Telephone: 2065431929
Fax: 2065431931
speccoll@uw.edu
Access Restrictions

The collection is open to the public.

Request at UW

Languages
English
Sponsor
Funding for encoding this finding aid was partially provided through a grant awarded by the National Endowment for the Humanities.
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Biographical Note

Carsten Lien was born in Seattle on March 24, 1926. He graduated from Ballard High School in 1944 before serving in the United States Navy during World War II. After the war, he attended the University of Washington (Bachelor’s Degree in Education) and Columbia University (Master’s Degree in Education and History) while also working for several summers as a seasonal ranger naturalist in Olympic National Park.

Lien had a long and varied career. Following his graduation from Columbia, he taught social studies at Ballard High School before working at the Bureau of Community Development at the University of Washington. He then took a position as a deputy administrator of the Latin America Training Program for the Peace Corps. Lien also worked at the U.S. Department of Labor, as a senior vice president at Washington Mutual Savings Bank, and as vice president and corporate secretary of REI.

After his retirement, Lien focused much of his efforts on conservation. In 1988, he served as the president of the Mountaineers, a Seattle-based hiking and climbing club that formed in 1906. Three years later, he published his first book Olympic Battleground: The Power Politics of Timber Preservation (San Francisco: Sierra Club Books, 1991), which explored the fight to save the forests in Olympic National Park from logging. Lien’s second book, Exploring the Olympic Mountains: Accounts of the Earliest Expeditions, 1878-1890 (Seattle: Mountaineers Books, 2001), was published ten years later.

In addition to his involvement with the Mountaineers, Lien served on the boards of The Nature Conservancy, Olympic Park Associates, Seattle Council of the Boy Scouts of America, the Seattle Municipal League, and the Allied Arts of Seattle. He also ran for the Seattle School Board in 1974 and for mayor of Seattle in 1989, although he was not successful in either campaign.

Carsten Lien died on April 7, 2012.

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Historical Background

Federal management of forest land on Washington State's Olympic Peninsula began in 1897 when President Grover Cleveland issued a proclamation creating the Olympic Forest Reserve. Cleveland's proclamation mandated protection of 2,188,800 acres from settlement and development activities on the Olympic Peninsula. As a precursor to later debates regarding public land management, President William McKinley subsequently reduced acreage in the Olympic Forest Reserve by nearly 700,000 acres in 1900 and 1901 under pressure from timber companies and development advocates. In 1907, the Olympic Forest Reserve became known as the Olympic National Forest as part of the Forest Service's reorganization into the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Concurrent with the rise of environmentalism in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, President Theodore Roosevelt established Mount Olympus National Monument in 1909 to help preserve forest and grazing areas for the Olympic Peninsula's native elk population. Mount Olympus National Monument originally included 610,560 acres, however, President Woodrow Wilson reduced the Monument by nearly 50% in 1915 in response to increasing demands for timber and mining resources. In 1938, President Franklin D. Roosevelt officially established Olympic National Park as a protected area under control of the U.S. Department of Interior's National Park Service. In the 1940s and 1950s, management of Olympic National Park became a topic of intense political debate between environmentalists and timber industry advocates. The National Park Service authorized controversial logging operations in Olympic National Park in 1955 and 1956, and debate regarding development in and resource management of public lands remains ongoing and highly contested.

Olympic National Park became an International Biosphere Reserve in 1976, and in 1981 earned distinction as a World Heritage Site. Environmental protection of Olympic National Park increased further in 1988, when nearly 95% of the Park received designation as a federal Wilderness Area. As of 2005, Olympic National Park encompasses 922,651 acres and receives nearly 3 million annual visitors. Olympic National Park is largely surrounded by the Olympic National Forest, which contains an additional 633,677 acres of federally-managed land and receives 455,900 annual visitors.

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Content Description

The collection contains images related to the political history, environmental protection, and public management of Olympic National Park and the Olympic National Forest. Special emphasis is placed on development activities, logging operations, and environmental activism in the 1940s and 1950s. Included are photographs by Neil Mortiboy used in a 1941 report entitled Sitka Spruce in Olympic National Park, photographs by Carsten Lien of historic buildings and lookouts in Olympic National Park, portraits of Emergency Conservation Committee members, photographs of logging operations in and around Olympic National Park, photographs of prominent National Park Service administrators, copies of related materials such as political cartoons, boundary maps, and newspaper advertisements, and copies of newspaper articles from The Seattle Press about the Press Expedition of 1889-1890 and the Conrad-Olmstead Party of 1890. This collection also contains images presenting the relationship between Mount Rainier National Park and Olympic National Park.

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Use of the Collection

Alternative Forms Available

View selections from the collection in digital format

Restrictions on Use

Restrictions might exist on reproduction, quotation, or publication. Contact the repository for details.

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Administrative Information

Arrangement

The collection is organized based on the collector's original order.

Acquisition Information

Donor: Carsten Lien, 2003.

Processing Note

Processed by Anna Siedzik, 2005.

Carsten Lien included detailed notations about the collection that provide political and historical context for the images presented. The finding aid contains most of these notations, however, some minor information (e.g. original negative numbers) is not included. A verbatim transcription of Lien's notes is available on request.

Separated Materials

Material Described Separately:

Carsten Lien papers (Mss Coll 5527)

Bibliography

Lien, Carsten Exploring the Olympic Mountains: Accounts of the Earliest Expeditions, 1878-1890. Seattle: The Mountaineers Books, 2001.

Lien, Carsten. Olympic Battleground: The Power Politics of Timber Preservation. San Francisco: Sierra Club Books, 1991.

Overly, Fred Sitka Spruce in Olympic National Park. Washington, D.C.: National Park Service, 1941.

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Detailed Description of the Collection

 

Names and SubjectsReturn to Top

Subject Terms

  • Logging--Washington (State)--Olympic National Forest--Photographs
  • National parks and reserves--Washington (State)--Olympic National Park--Photographs
  • Visual Materials Collections (University of Washington)

Corporate Names

  • Emergency Conservation Committee (U.S.)--Officials and employees--Photographs
  • United States. National Park Service--Officials and employees--Photographs

Geographical Names

  • Olympic National Forest (Wash.)--History--Research
  • Olympic National Park (Wash.)--History--Research
  • Olympic National Park (Wash.)--Photographs

Other Creators

  • Personal Names

    • Curtis, Asahel, 1874-1941 (photographer)
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