Individual Will-Temperament Test

AHJ_ah400025 Inventory of the June E. Downey papers, 1887-1950 Downey (June Etta) papers Processed by Shannon Bowen The creation of the EAD-version of this finding aid was made possible through a grant from the National Historic Publications and Records Commission. University of Wyoming. American Heritage Center.

American Heritage Center Dept. 3924, 1000 E. University Avenue University of Wyoming Laramie, WY 82071 Phone: 307.766.2574 Fax:307.766.5511 Email:ahcref@uwyo.edu URL:http://ahc.uwyo.edu/

2006

University of Wyoming

Finding aid encoded by Ann Mulfort May 2006 Finding aid is in English Collection Summary Downey, June E. (June Etta), 1875-1932 June E. Downey papers 1887-1950 1913-1932 400025 13.65 cubic ft. (23 boxes) University of Wyoming. American Heritage Center. English The June E. Downey papers concern Downey's professional life as a scientist and teacher at the University of Wyoming. They contain valuable information about personality testing and graphology in the early part of the twentieth century. Biography of June E. Downey

June Etta Downey was born on July 13, 1875, in Laramie, Wyoming. Her father, Stephen W. Downey, was a prominent Laramie attorney and was instrumental in the founding of the University of Wyoming in 1887. June was among one of its first classes, entering the University in 1891. She studied Greek and Latin and was awarded a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1895.

After teaching in the Laramie public school system, Downey enrolled at the University of Chicago in 1896. There she studied philosophy, psychology, and Greek and received a Master of Arts degree in 1898. Downey then returned to Laramie and taught English and philosophy courses for the University of Wyoming until 1902. At that time, she accepted a fellowship in psychology at the University of Chicago. She completed her doctoral study in 1907 with a dissertation on “Control Processes in Modified Handwriting.”

Downey was appointed a professor of philosophy and psychology at the University of Wyoming after the completion of her doctoral degree, and she became head of the Department of Philosophy and Psychology in 1915. She retained this position until her death in 1932. She was regarded as a fine instructor capable of stimulating the curiosity of all of her students.

In addition to her teaching skills, Downey was noted for her pioneering work in the field of personality testing. She sought to develop testing procedures that assessed more than mental aptitude. To this end, she studied handwriting, types of dextrality, and inherited traits like color blindness.

Downey was a prolific writer. Her Individual Will-Temperament Test was published in 1919, and her book, The Will Temperament and its Testing, was published in 1923. She wrote six other monographs, published seventy articles for professional journals, and penned numerous book reviews and popular articles on psychology. She considered herself to be artistically talented, writing poetry and plays. She was the author of the University of Wyoming Alma Mater song. Downey died on October 11, 1932, of cancer, while visiting New Jersey.

Scope and Content

The June E. Downey papers concern Downey’s professional life as a scientist and teacher at the University of Wyoming. They contain valuable information about the nature of psychology and, more specifically, personality testing in the early part of the twentieth century. Downey evaluated personality in a variety of respects, expanding upon the accepted method of using mental aptitude as the sole measure of personality. Downey also sought to delineate the boundaries of graphology and describe more accurately what could be learned about a person from her handwriting. This aspect of Downey’s research is also documented in the collection as well as the nature of the profession of graphology during the period. The collection contains a small amount of class material from the classes that Downey taught, including course assignments. It also includes information about how the department of Psychology and Philosophy at the University of Wyoming conducted its affairs.

The collection is open to the public. However, Series I, Series II, and Series VII contain personal information about Downey's experiment subjects. Researchers desiring access to these series must agree not to cite the names of Downey's experiment subjects in any published or unpublished work that results from use of this collection.

The researcher assumes full responsibility for observing all copyright, property, and libel laws as they apply.

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For other archival collections housed at the American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming, relating to June E. Downey and her work, see:

Downey Family papers, Collection Number 10555 University of Wyoming, Dept. of Psychology records, Collection Number 545002

The June E. Downey papers were initially donated by Lillian Portenier in 1968 and 1975. Additional accretions were received from the University of Wyoming Psychology Department in 1995, from the University’s Coe Library in 1995 and 1996, and from Paul Teetor in 2002.

The collection was processed by Shannon Bowen in January 2002.

Item Description, Box Number, Folder Number, June E. Downey papers, 1887-1950, Collection Number 400025, American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming.

Access Terms University of Wyoming. Dept. of Psychology. University of Wyoming--History. Graphology. Personality tests. Ability--Testing. Laramie (Wyo.) Wyoming--History--1890-1918. Wyoming--History--1919-1945. Education Colleges and Universities Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences Science, Technology and Health Wyoming Container List Series I. Handwriting 1887-1932 2 cubic ft. (4.5 document boxes)

This material is arranged alphabetically by topic and document type. It concerns Downey’s research into how handwriting revealed personality traits and genetic characteristics. It contains annotated handwriting samples, psychological test material, other experiment data, correspondence, manuscripts, and notes.

1 1 Correspondence 1922-1930 1 2 Correspondence, Graphology 1924-1925 1 3 Correspondence, Graphology, Emily Davis 1929-1930 1 4 Correspondence, Handedness 1926 1 5-6 Experiment Data 1913, 1925-1929 1 7-8 Experiment Data, Chicago Subjects undated 1 9-10 Experiment Data, Handedness 1931, undated 1 11-12 Experiment Data, Handwriting Samples 1913-1914 2 1-4 Experiment Data, Handwriting Samples circa 1914, 1916, 1921 2 5 Experiment Data, Handwriting Samples, Dictation Test undated 2 6 Experiment Data, Handwriting Samples, “Distraction-Listening to Story Read Aloud,” 1913 2 7 Experiment Data, Sorting undated 2 8 Experiment Data, Tabulations undated 2 9-10 Experiment Notes 1917, undated 3 1 Experiment Notes 1917-1925 3 2 Experiment Notes, Diurnal Variations 1913-1914 3 3 Experiment Notes, Graphology undated 3 4 Experiment Notes, Handedness, Pegging and Tapping Records 1926 3 5 Experiment Notes, Handedness and Preschool Children circa 1926 3 6 Experiment Notes, Memory of Handwriting undated 3 7 Experiment Notes, “Reading Aloud & Writing,” undated 3 8 Experiment Notes, Reading and Writing, Betty Snow 1929 3 9 Experiment Notes, Writing Speed undated 3 10 Graphology 1923-1929 3 11 Handedness, Case Studies, Value of 1924-1932 23Handwriting charts and tablesundated 4 1 Identification 1913-1920 4 2 Intelligence and Handwriting 1919-1928 4 3 Manuscripts 1924-1929 4 4 Manuscripts, Disabilities, Reading, and Writing undated 4 5 Manuscripts, Eye Dominance and Photographs 1929 4 6 Manuscripts, Mechanics of Handwriting 1900 4 7 Miscellaneous 1887-1931 4 8 Notes, Family Charts of Left-Handedness 1924 4 9 Notes, Family Charts, No Left-Handedness 1924 4 10 Notes, Handedness and Speech Problems 1924-1925 4 11 Publications, “Control Processes in Modified Handwriting,” undated 4 12 Publications, Distinguishing Right from Left undated 4 13 Publications, “The Variational Factor in Handwriting,” 1909 4 14 Samples, Left Hand 1917-1926 4 15 Science Service Manuscript, Graphology, “Handwriting and Character,” undated 4 16 Science Service Manuscript, Handedness, “What Manner of Right-Handed Person Are You?,” 1925 5 1 Specimens of Celebrities 1914-1930 5 2 Specimens, Old Age 1911-1917 5 3 Tests, Handedness Formulae undated 5 4 Tests, Handwriting Cards for Identification Test undated 5 5 Tests, Mirror Reading 1925 5 6 Tests, Pegging, Dynamometer, and Dexterity Tests 1925-1926 5 7 Tests, Pegging and Individual Tests 1925 5 8 Tests, Thurstone Hand Test 1916-1925 Series II. Personality 1908-1932 1.4 cubic ft. (3 document boxes)

This material is arranged alphabetically by topic and document type. It concerns Downey’s development and application of the Will-Temperament Test. It contains psychological test material, other experiment data, correspondence, a book, manuscripts, and notes.

5 9-10 Aptitude Tests 1916-1917, undated 5 11 Aptitude Tests, Binet-Simon, Kindergarten, Special Class 1920-1926 5 12 Aptitude Tests, Stanford-Binet Scale undated 5 13 Correspondence, Mental Defectives, Lovisa Wagoner 1920-1925 5 13 Correspondence, Will-Temperament, Gordon Allport 1931 5 14 Correspondence, Will-Temperament Test 1918-1921 5 15 Correspondence, Will-Temperament, Will-Profile 1919-1924 6 1 Experiment Data undated 6 2 Experiment Notes, Extroversion and Introversion, Nervous & Emotional Instability undated 6 3 Hereditary Influences 1931-1932 6 4 Intelligence Tests 1908-1931 6 5 Manuscripts, “Jung’s ‘Psychological Types’ and Will Temperament Patterns,” undated 6 6 Manuscripts, Miscellaneous undated 6 7 Manuscripts, Will-Temperament Test, Validity of undated 6 8 Notes, Mental Aptitude Tests, Wyoming State Penitentiary 1922 6 9 Notes, Mental Faculty 1916 6 10 Notes, Self-Projection undated 6 11 Publications, “The Will Temperament and its Testing,” 1923 6 12 Publications, Will-Temperament Tests 1921 7 1 Tests, Downey Group Will-Temperament 1922-1925 7 2 Tests, Experiment Data 1918 7 3-5 Tests, Miscellaneous 1929-1931 7 6-8 Tests, Miscellaneous Tests of Subjects 1910-1931 7 9 Tests, Notes undated 7 10-11 Tests, Personal Inventory 1925-1926 8 1 Tests, Personal Inventory 1926 8 2 Tests, Pressey X-O Tests undated 8 3 Tests, Will-Profile 1919-1920 8 4 Tests, Will-Temperament 1920-1924 8 5 Tests, Will-Temperament, Calculations by Richard Uhrbrock undated 8 6 Tests, Will-Temperament Group 1920-1925 8 7 Tests, Will-Temperament Individual undated 8 8 Tests, Will-Temperament, Psychotic Cases 1922 Series III. Psychology, General 1896-1932 0.7 cubic ft. (1.5 document boxes)

This material is arranged alphabetically by topic and document type. It concerns psychological topics peripherally connected to Downey’s research into handwriting and personality as well as those of popular interest. It contains manuscripts, printed material, clippings, correspondence, and notes.

8 9 American Psychological Association 1920-1932 8 10-11 Annotated Printed Material 1896-1922, 1924-1930 8 12 Annotated Printed Material, “Some College Students and their Problems,” 1929 9 1 Clothing Preference Analysis 1929 9 2 Eyedness undated 9 3 Facial Asymmetry 1927 9 4 Learning Curve undated 9 5 Manuscripts 1921 9 6 Manuscripts, “The Case for Introspection,” undated 9 7 Manuscripts, “Sizing Up People,” undated 9 8 Memory Lapse 1923 9 9 Mental Inheritance, Goddard Charts undated 9 10 Miscellaneous 1918-1929 9 11 Notes undated 9 12 Publications 1905-1948 9 13 Publications, “An Image of Spectacle Rims,” 1929 9 14 Publications, “The Kingdom of the Mind,” Proofs 1927 9 15 Publications, “Three Generations of Colorblindness,” 1930-1931 9 16 Radio Education 1930-1931 9 17 Science Service 1900-1930 10 1 Science Service Series, “How Bright Is Your Baby?,” 1929 10 2 Science Service, Tests undated Series IV. University of Wyoming 1910-1937

This material is arranged alphabetically by topic and document type. It concerns Downey’s teaching and the aspects of her research directly related to the University of Wyoming. It contains student records, course assignments, correspondence, manuscripts, and notes.

10 3 Correspondence, Appointments 1926-1932 10 4 Correspondence Courses 1926-1931 10 5 Correspondence Courses, Robert Helmer 1930 10 6 Correspondence, Ralph McWhinnie 1924-1931 10 7 Course Assignments, Psychology, Logic 1922-1931 10 8 Downey Memorial Book 1934 10 9 Grades, Distribution of Various Departments 1924-1931 10 10 Honors Courses undated 10 11 Memorial Celebration 1931-1937 11 1 National Research Council Grant 1924-1930 Department of Psychology - Office Files: 17"Judgements on Handwriting Similarity and Difference"September 1914 17"Laterality of Function"undated 14A.A.U.P.undated 15Art Testsundated 17Articles1924 15A-Zundated 15B-Dundated 20Book Titlesundated 17C1923-1929 19Class notes and tests1907-1931 21Clippings from the "Agony Columns"undated 14Committee - Memorial Scholarship and other Scholarshipsundated 15Conditions of Thought Physical-Socialundated 14Connotation Testundated 15Cornell subjects - Freshman subjectsundated 21Correspondence1882-1921 16Correspondence 1911-1932 16Correspondence - June Downey1924 14Correspondence with Wissler1927 14Court Cases - James H. Howell1919 15Designs 1901-1924 14Dewey Anderson - Age factor and Terman Adult Testundated 16Dexterity Tests1924-1926 16Dextrality- First 100 men and extra recordsundated 20Dextrality Notesundated 16Dextrality Questionnaires for Psychology Class1927 16Dextrality Records for Chinese Subjectsundated 18Dextrality Testsundated 20Dextrality Tests1926 15Dictionaryundated 14Disguised Handwriting, Modified Handwriting, Judgements of Similarity and Difference in Handwritingundated 16Downey Individual and Group Temperament Testsundated 16Downey Individual Will Temperament Tests1920-1924 17Dream Material and Lapsesundated 14Duplicates: Mirror-Readingundated 15Experimental Methodundated 14Folder 31-321922-1923 17Graphologyundated 18Graphsundated 14Handedness Questionnaires from Colorado State Industrial School for Girlsundated 16Handedness Records for Evanston Hospital Subjectsundated 17Handwriting Experiments- Pairing Hands, Similarity-Difference1928 20Handwriting Samplesundated 15Hearing Atoms 1921 15H-Iundated 15Individual Differences Reaction to the Word-In-Itselfundated 17Information on Scholarships and Fellowships1929 17Interest Curves. Patterns of Consciousnessundated 14Judgements on Character- Order of Meritundated 21June Etta Downey - Memorium Bookundated 21Lectures1898 15Left-handed and Ambidextrousundated 15Left-handed subjectsundated 14Letters concerning the Will-Temperament Test1925-1926 19Letters from Henry A. Rand1929-1930 17Letters to President Crane1927-1930 17Letters-Slosson1921-1922 16Manuscripts1930 18Measurement of Handsundated 20Mirror Handwriting Examples1914 15Misc. Notesundated 17Miscellaneous Groups of Tests1930 17Miscellaneous Materialundated 21Miss Wheeler "Indian" records1925 17Morality Code Competitionundated 19Muscle Reading Testsundated 14N.R.C. Reports1921-1922 21Native American Tribe dexterity test records1926 20Notesundated 19Notes and Records on Writingundated 21Notes-Classes and testsundated 14Orientation and Mirror-Readingundated 14Orientation Test Directions- Score Stencils.undated 14Osborn Test- Pairing of Words and Addressesundated 15Patterned Profilesundated 15Poems by Dan Ceja Soph. in Casper H.S. 1928undated 15Poetry and Science, Burbank and the Intuitive Method Analogy1923 14Post cardsundated 18Practical uses of Will-Temperament Testing1922 16Pseudo-Sciencesundated 15Psychology II Mental Hygiene- student papers and notes1929-1931 15Psychology of Literature Students' reports and reading notes1920-1922 20Psychology Tests-General1913-1925 16Publicationundated 16Publication correspondence and notesundated 17Publications1910-1918 18Publications1921-1928 19Publications1851-1921 14Questionnaire and Photograph- Right and Left Arm Upundated 15Questionnairesundated 18Ratios and Ratings1922 17Reactions to Emotional Poetry- Wyoming and Chicago Subjectsundated 14Reading Illegible Writingundated 19Reading notes on Drawing Activityundated 15Reading Personality from Art Preferencesundated 19Record Booklets1910-1919 20Record Bookletsundated 14Records on Link Triangle Test1931 14Reliability- Group Will-Temperament Testundated 14Reliability- Will-Temperamentundated 14Reliability-Will-Temperament Test Partial Correlationundated 17Reports-International Congress1928 17Research Materialundated 18Research Materials undated 16Research Materials and notesundated 14Returns from Hull- Partial Correlationundated 14Right-handedness- Mirror reading. Mirror writing.undated 14Scholarship and Will-Temperamentundated 17Self-Projection Experimental Reportsundated 18Sheets: Records all Testsundated 15Structure of Matter1923-1926 15Student notes1904-1931 15Student papers1925-1928 15Subjects- Normal Adults1918 19Tables Family Resemblance Handwritingundated 14Target Testundated 21Test Scores1922-1924 22Testing Graphsundated 18Testing Materialsundated 14Thesis - L.A. Bigler, W.T., and Pressey given to 200 subj.1920 19Thorndike Recordsundated 14Thumb summaries, formulae, etc.undated 18True-False Testing Materialsundated 14Ulnatundated 21Will - Profile Scores1919 18Will Temperament Tests1919-1920 20Will Temperament Tests1922-1924 14Will Temperament Thesis- Pearson1922 15Words and Thoughtsundated 17Writing under Distractionundated 20Wyoming Mental Hygiene Survey1922 Series V. Correspondence 1898-1950 0.5 cubic ft. (1 document box)

This material is arranged alphabetically by topic and correspondent. It concerns Downey’s work as a researcher and a writer as well as an effort to honor her posthumously.

11 2 Book, “Creative Imagination,” 1930 11 3 Book, Psychology of Literature, C.K. Ogden 1927-1930 11 4 Book, Psychology of Literature, Permission to Quote 1928-1929 11 5 Downey Memorial 1922-1935 11 6 General 1924-1950 11 7-8 Psychologists 1898-1932 11 9 Psychopathic 1912-1932 12 1 Radio Play, “Fiddling Davie,” 1927 12 2 Uhrbrock, Richard 1926-1932 12 3 World Book Company, Will-Temperament 1921-1925 Series VI. Miscellaneous 1919-1934 0.2 cubic ft. (.5 document box)

This material is arranged alphabetically by document type and topic. It concerns miscellaneous aspects of Downey’s personal and professional life not germane to other series. It contains correspondence, printed material, and notes.

12 4 Book Plates 1927-1930 12 5 Downey Biographical Material 1924-1934 12 6 Notes undated 12 7 Print Plates undated 12 8 Program, World War I Homecoming Celebration, Albany County, Wyoming 1919 12 9 Travel Information 1930-1932 Series VII. Research Card File 1916-1926 0.2 cubic ft. (1 3x5 card file box)

This card file contains bibliographic information and experiment data from Downey’s research. The original order of the card file has been maintained. It concerns Downey’s research into handwriting and personality.

13 Research cards with bibliographic information and experiment data