mtllot033.xml Guide to the Railroads in Montana photograph collection 1880s-1960s (inclusive) Railroads in Montana photograph collection Finding aid prepared by Sue Jackson Montana Historical Society Research Center 2015
Helena, MT
Finding aid encoded by Heather Hultman2020. Finding aid written in English. Montana Historical Society Research Center Photograph Archives
225 N. Roberts PO Box 201201 Helena MT 59620-1201 (406) 444-4739 photoarchives@mt.gov
Lot 033 Railroads in Montana photograph collection 1880s-1960s 4 boxes 401 photographic prints 47 film negatives 20 nitrate negatives 27 safety negatives made from loaned photographs This collection consists of photographs of railroads in Montana including construction sites and work crews; locomotive engines, freight cars, passenger cars, and stock cars; track lines, bridges, tunnels, and rail yard facilities; train wrecks; trains in snow; and special events like last spike and first train ceremonies. No textual or other language materials are included in the collection. Captions are in English. Historical Note

The first train to reach Montana Territory was the Utah & Northern Railroad, a narrow-gauge line traveling from Utah and reaching Monida in 1881. Soon to follow were many smaller lines built to provide transportation for people and products within Montana, as well as three major built to connect to the Pacific Coast and to exploit Montana’s rich mining and agricultural resources. Railroad construction through Montana presented special problems including the high cost of property, rough terrain (especially the mountains in the west), serious grading, bridging and tunneling requirements, cut-and-fill construction for road beds, and local competitors. For Montana, railroad construction was a boon to the economy by providing thousands of jobs, platting towns, supporting local suppliers and facilities, and opening new country for settlement, especially in the eastern part of the state. The railroad boom, 1909-1916, was fueled by a large-scale promotional campaign designed by the Great Northern, the Milwaukee, and the Northern Pacific railroads to bring settlers to the area. The history of Montana railroads includes many name changes and corporate mergers, with some lines lasting only a very short time.

Below are brief histories of the railroad lines documented in this collection.

Series I: Chicago Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad (CM & St. P RR) –The Milwaukee & Waukesha Railroad was founded in Wisconsin Territory in 1847. To reflect its growth, the name was changed in 1874 to the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway Company and was known both as the St. Paul and the Milwaukee. When the company decided to become a transcontinental railroad, a branch line located in central Dakota Territory was the predecessor to the main line which ultimately would reach the Pacific Coast. The Milwaukee competed with the Union Pacific, the Northern Pacific, and the St. Paul, Minnesota & Manitoba (after 1893 the Great Northern) lines. The CM & St. P in Montana was organized in December 1905 and the route selected ran through south central Montana, across northern Idaho, and through Washington to Tacoma. In the early 1900s the Milwaukee established main line division points at Miles City, Melstone, Harlowton, Three Forks, Deer Lodge, and Alberton, and made Lewiston the division headquarters.

Construction crews and equipment reached Montana, near Baker, in December 1907. The westward route was built largely by subcontractors in three sections: Mobridge, South Dakota to Butte; Butte to Avery, Idaho; and Avery to Puget Sound, Washington. Supplies were brought close to construction sites on GNRR and NPRR trains which made it possible for the Milwaukee to be completed in less than four years, a near record time. The section west of Butte started construction in 1908 and other sections were built concurrently. The sections were joined near St. Regis with the final spike put in place east of Gold Creek on May 19, 1909. Branch lines were acquired or constructed including the White Sulphur Springs & Yellowstone Park Railway which ran from Dorsey to White Sulphur Springs, the Gallatin Valley Electric Railway which ran from Gallatin Gateway to Yellowstone National Park, the North Montana Line which ran from Lewistown to Great Falls, and the Montana Railroad (known as the Jawbone Line) which ran through the Big Belts and provided access to Lewistown and Judith Basin.

The Milwaukee grew and expanded from 1908-1920. Pride of the line’s passenger fleet was the Olympian traveling from Chicago to the Pacific Coast beginning in 1912 and operating for fifty years with electric and then diesel Hiawatha locomotives. Beginning in 1914, the Milwaukee accomplished electrification of 440 miles of rail line between Harlowton and Avery. It was a major innovation in railroading that doubled the tonnage capacity, improved safety, and decreased maintenance expense. Box cab locomotives built by General Electric were used for the first electric train on Rocky Mountain Division in 1915 traveling from Three Forks to Deer Lodge and from Harlowton to Avery in 1916. Years later Little Joes, electric locomotives originally built for the Russian Trans-Siberian line, were acquired and put into service.

However, construction costs for the western extension, massive capital outlay for electrification, and decreased revenues created a financial crisis for the Milwaukee. Decreased revenues were the result of drought years, an early end to building boom in the Pacific Northwest, completion of the Panama Canal, and World War I. By 1924, the railroad’s debts came due and the company went into federal receivership, the first of three major bankruptcies and the largest business bankruptcy in the country. In 1928, the Milwaukee reemerged as the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Company and though there were some stable years, the company continued to struggle economically. In the late 1940s some smaller branches were discontinued. In 1970 the Burlington Northern rail merger was a significant blow to the Milwaukee and in 1977 the line once again went into bankruptcy. In 1978 the company announced cessation of operation on all lines west of Butte and the following year petitioned to abandon all lines west of Minneapolis. On March 18, 1980, the last Milwaukee train left Tarkio and the line was officially abandoned.

Series II: Great Northern Railroad (GNRR) – In 1878, James J. Hill and a group of Canadian businessmen purchased control of the St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Company that traveled from Minneapolis north to the Red River in Canada. In 1897 this line was incorporated into the St. Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba Railway (called the Manitoba). Under Hill’s leadership, the line was aimed across Dakota toward the Rocky Mountain foothills in central Montana. He believed that the vast prairies along the route could become a rich grain-producing empire and home of many family farms. The Manitoba was pressed westward until reaching Minot in 1886 and the following year huge construction crews began averaging more than three miles of track each day to reach Havre and Great Falls, where the line could connect with the Montana Central Railway (see below) to reach Helena and Butte. In September 1889 Hill and his associates consolidated their holdings into the Great Northern Railroad and in 1890 formally took over the Manitoba. The company recommitted itself to go on to the coast on a northern route, but a pass through the Rockies was needed. In 1889 Hill’s engineer, John F. Stevens, rediscovered the Marias Pass. From there the line turned down the Middle Fork of the Flathead River, to Columbia Falls and Kalispell, and then turned north to follow the Kootenai River into the Idaho panhandle. The line reached the Puget Sound in 1893. In 1895 and 1896, following the bankruptcy of the Northern Pacific, Hill and his associates, including banker J.P. Morgan, bought controlling shares of that company and reorganized it under GNRR management.

In 1951, Great Northern introduced the Mid-Century Empire Builder to be the premiere passenger trains traveling between St. Paul and Seattle and to compete with the Milwaukee’s Olympian. The Empire Builder offered streamline design, improved technologies, more speed, and eight new sets of cars including sun parlor observation cars. The GNRR continued to operate in Montana until 1970 when the line changed to the Burlington Northern Railroad. The switch was celebrated in a ceremony on November 7, 1970 when the last GNRR train and first the BNRR train met in Libby.

Photographs of two small Montana lines are included within the GNRR series, the Montana Central Railroad (MCRR) and the Montana Western Railroad (MWRR).

In 1886, Charles A. Broadwater filed articles of incorporation for a new railroad in Montana Territory to be called the Montana Central Railroad. In the following year, the new company contracted with James J. Hill of the GNRR for construction of the line. By 1888, the main line went from Great Falls to Butte through Helena, with construction from Great Falls to Helena completed in November 1887 and from Helena to Butte completed in July 1888. A branch line from Great Falls to Sand Coulee was completed in 1888 and by 1891 on to reach Neihart. The MCRR was dissolved in 1907 and assumed by the Great Northern.

The Montana Western Railroad was a local line that traveled between Valier and Conrad. The line connected with the Great Northern at Conrad.

Series III: Northern Pacific Railroad (NPRR) – In 1864, the U.S. Congress issued a charter for construction of a Northern Pacific Railroad which would link Lake Superior to the northern Pacific Coast. Instead of giving loans as it had to the Union Pacific, Congress supported the NPRR through the largest land grant in history: 20 sections of land per mile of track in Minnesota and Oregon and forty sections per mile in the Dakota, Montana, and Idaho territories, a total of 44 million acres. In Montana, it totaled 17 million acres and made the NPRR the largest land owner in the territory except for the federal government. The NPRR crossed a generally uninhabited region starting from Pacific Junction, Minnesota in 1870 and reaching the Missouri River at Bismarck in 1873. The NPRR was continually troubled with financial problems, especially during the Panic of 1873. In 1881, Henry Villard took over the railroad and had crews extending the line from both directions: to the east from Washington, Idaho, and along the Clark Fork River in western Montana, and to the west with crews moving the line up the Yellowstone River across Billings, Livingston, the Bozeman Pass tunnel, down the Missouri River to Helena, and west over the Continental Divide. The NPRR’s last spike was driven at Gold Creek, Montana on September 8, 1883. The company never recovered from the 1873 panic and was finally forced into bankruptcy in 1893. During 1895-1896, James J. Hill of the Great Northern, bought controlling shares of the NPRR and reorganized it under GNRR management.

Series IV: Smaller Montana Lines – In addition to the three main lines described above, there were other railroads built and operating in Montana that are documented in this collection.

Burlington & Missouri River Railroad – A spur of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad (owned jointly by the Great Northern and Northern Pacific railroad companies), the Burlington & Missouri River was built in 1900-1901. It originally ran 130 miles from Toluca, Montana to Cody, Wyoming, traveling across 68-miles of right-of-way through the Crow Indian Reservation, along Pryor Creek, through the Pryor Gap tunnel, and into the Big Horn Basin. The line carried mostly livestock (cattle, sheep and horses), commissary supplies for the reservation, and mail. In 1911, 75 miles of the line from Toluca were abandoned.

Butte, Anaconda & Pacific Railroad – In 1892, James J. Hill of the Northern Pacific Railroad assisted Marcus Daly with construction of a railroad to connect the Butte mines with the new Anaconda smelter. The line became the Butte, Anaconda & Pacific Railroad with service beginning in 1893. The line was built for heavy traffic, using new 75-pound steel rails.

Gilmore & Pittsburg Railroad – The line totaled 120 miles traveling through some of the most isolated country in the Pacific Northwest from Armstead, Montana to Salmon, Idaho. James J. Hill of the Northern Pacific helped to finance the construction of the Gilmore & Pittsburg line in order to invade Edward H. Harriman and the Union Pacific’s territory. The last spike was driven at Salmon in 1910. The line was nicknamed “Get Out and Push” Railroad.

Jawbone Railroad (Montana Railroad Company) – Owned by Richard Harlow, who gave his name to the town of Harlowton, the line ran through the Musselshell Valley of central Montana. Harlow, who was always facing financial problems, leased the line to the Chicago Milwaukee & St. Paul which needed to build its line between the domains of the Northern Pacific and the Great Northern railroads. Eventually the Milwaukee was able to purchase the Jawbone and build from Harlowton to Butte.

Montana Southern Railroad – William R. Allen (at one time Montana’s lieutenant governor) owned the Boston & Montana Development Company and in 1919 he built the Montana Southern Railroad to haul copper ore from its Elkhorn mines to smelting facilities. The MSR, a narrow-gauge line, ran 40 miles from Elkhorn, traveling through the Wise River Valley to Allentown (later changed to Wise River) and along the Big Hole River, to Divide. In addition to hauling ore, the line also carried agricultural products and passengers, including fishermen going to the Big Hole and Wise rivers. When the mines declined in the 1920s, the MSR was reorganized, but fell victim to the 1930s depression and was closed.

Montana Union Railroad – In 1886 the Northern Pacific Railroad and the Union Pacific Railroad successfully negotiated formation of a jointly-owned standard gauge railroad line, the Montana Union Railroad, specifically for a Butte to Garrison road.

Union Pacific Railroad – The first transcontinental line was the Union Pacific-Central Pacific going from Omaha to Sacramento completed in 1869. After the Union Pacific crossed Utah north of the Great Salt Lake, the company entered into a race with the Northern Pacific Railroad to reach the rich mining regions of Montana. To that end, a rail spur (see Utah & Northern Railroad below) was constructed over the Corinne-Virginia City Road. The Union Pacific was the first railroad to enter Montana and beat the Northern Pacific to Butte with the Utah & Northern Railroad in 1881.

Utah & Northern Railroad – Originally a narrow gauge line, the Utah Northern Railroad traveled north from Brigham City, Utah and reached the Montana border at Monida in 1880. By then, the Union Pacific had assumed control of the line, made it a subsidiary, and changed the name to Utah & Northern Railroad. The line was built into Butte along the Big Hole River and Silver Bow in 1881. The Union Pacific started construction of a new standard-gauge line that would travel from western Wyoming’s rich coal deposits, across Idaho, and on to Portland. The new line was called the Oregon Short Line and crossed the Utah & Northern Railroad line at Pocatello in 1881, and ran from Butte south to Dillon, Armstead, and into Idaho. In 1887, the entire northern part of the Utah & Northern, from Pocatello to Garrison, was converted to standard gauge.

White Sulphur Springs & Yellowstone Park Railroad – The line was constructed in 1910 and traveled 25 miles south from White Sulphur Springs to Ringling to connect with the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad.

This collection includes views of the railroad industry in Montana. The images are arranged into four series: Series I. Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railroad; Series II. Great Northern Railroad; Series III: Northern Pacific Railroad; and Series IV: Smaller Montana Railroad Lines.

The first three series are organized by subjects including Construction, Trains, Bridges, Tunnels, Wrecks, and Events, and then primarily by date. Some of these series include photographs of other railroad lines that were predecessors of the CM & St. P RR, the GNRR, and the NPRR. Series IV contains photographs of several smaller railroad lines and is organized by the name of the specific line.

This artificial collection consists of photographs related to Montana’s railroad industry that were donated to Montana Historical Society in the years prior to 1974 from many individual donors.

In some instances, a photograph was loaned to Montana Historical Society for copying and a negative was created for the Photo Archives collection. Prints were made from the negatives and are included in this collection. The copy negatives are the vintage images for these loaned photographs.

If the name of the railroad, location, crew member, or photographer is known, it is given in the descriptions below. If the date of the photo is known, it is provided.

There are four series in the collection: Series I. Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railroad photographs arranged in four subseries including Construction; Trains, Tracks & Scenery; Bridges & Tunnels; and Events; Series II. Great Northern Railroad photographs arranged in five subseries including Construction; Trains & Tracks; Bridges, Tunnels & Facilities; Wrecks; and Events & Miscellany; Series III. Northern Pacific Railroad photographs arranged in four subseries including Construction, Trains, Bridges & Facilities, and Wrecks & Events; and Series IV: Smaller Montana Railroad Lines arranged by the specific line.

Collection is open for research.

The Montana Historical Society is the owner of the materials in the Photograph Archives collections and makes available reproductions for research, publication, and other uses. Written permission must be obtained from the Photograph Archives before any reproduction use. The Society does not necessarily hold copyright to all of the materials in its collections. In some cases, permission for use may require seeking additional authorization from the copyright owners.

Railroads in Montana photograph collection. Lot 033. [Box, folder number, and photograph number.] Montana Historical Society Photograph Archives, Helena, Montana.

Acquisition information available upon request.

 Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul Railway Company Great Northern Railroas Northern Pacific Railroad Company Burlington and Missouri River Railroad Company Gilmore and Pittsburg Railroad Company Montana Southern Railway Company Union Pacific Railroad Company Utah Pacific Railroad Company Utan and Northern Railway Company Oregon Shortline Railway Company Railroads--Design and Construction Railroads--Montana Railroads--employees Trains Butte (Mont.) Glacier National Park (Mont.) Great Falls (Mont.) Havre (Mont.) Idaho Missoula (Mont.) Montana Photographs Chinese Americans Japanese Americans National Parks Railroads Transportation Idaho Montana photographs Detailed Description of the Collection Series I Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad (CM & P RR) collection

The CM & St. P RR images are arranged in subseries including Construction; Trains, Tracks & Scenery; Bridges & Tunnels; and Events.

 Subseries I CM & St. P RR Construction

Images document equipment, crews, construction camps, preparing rail bed, laying track, locomotives, steam shovels, dirt excavation, building of bridges and tunnels, etc. This subseries includes images taken near Missoula (circa 1907-1912) donated by Jack McDougall who worked as a contractor for the railroad. These photos were removed from a scrapbook and donated in 1962. There are images of track laying, tunnel and bridge building, and construction equipment, camps and crews. Photographs of construction near Butte were donated by Mrs. George Grossberg in 1959 whose husband worked on a survey crew in 1907-1908. The Grossberg photos include construction of bridges and tunnels and construction camps and crews in the Butte area. Other construction photographs include postcards donated by Hanely M. Johnson of Wisconsin in 1972 and include excavating, track laying, bridges and tunnels. Finally, there are miscellaneous photographs of bridge construction, construction crews, and building a tunnel at Taft. Negatives of the Taft tunnel photographs were received from the Wisconsin Historical Society in 1969.

 1/1 CM & St. P RR Construction near Missoula – men looking at excavated area being prepared for rails; men and horse teams hauling cut timber; crew removing rocks preparing rail bed, with a bridge and construction camp in the background; crew and equipment preparing rail bed along stream with wooden structures on the hillside; locomotive and men with jackhammer working on track bed; crew and a locomotive pushing flat cars loaded with timbers; locomotive, men with shovels, and men standing on the tracks; two locomotives pushing flat cars loaded with timbers along a hillside; locomotive pulling flat cars loaded with dirt with a crew and excavating equipment beyond. 1/2 CM & St. P RR Construction near Missoula – crew and steam shovel excavating track bed; Bucyrus steam shovel and crew excavating dirt with locomotive pulling flat cars behind the shovel; Bucyrus steam shovel loading excavated dirt on flat cars pulled by a locomotive. 1/3 CM & St. P RR Construction near Missoula – crews operating Bucyrus steam shovel excavating dirt and rocks; woman standing between a locomotive and a crew working with excavating equipment; Bucyrus steam shovel excavating track bed with derricks with crew and water tank beyond; steam shovel that has fallen off the tracks; crew with steam engine and derrick rig; locomotive pulling flat cars loaded with rail timbers at switch; tracks going through excavated area; flooding over track bed with buildings in the background. 1/4 CM & St. P RR Bridge Construction near Missoula – men and derrick in foreground with locomotive pulling loaded flat cars on bridge behind; buildings near track bed located along river and connecting to a bridge; train on bridge under construction across a river; steel bridge under construction across river; locomotive pushing flat cars loaded with rail timbers on bridge crossing tracks; men on platform with steam equipment and derrick working on bridge; wooden bridge leading to a tunnel; river flooding around bridge construction. 1/5 CM & St. P RR Tunnel Construction near Missoula – group of men holding shovels, sledge hammers, and candles inside a tunnel cut from rock; men pushing cart on tracks loaded with lumber at a tunnel entrance supported by scaffolding; men with horses pulling carts on tracks working at a tunnel entrance supported by scaffolding; men working on scaffolding at tunnel entrance; men on ladders and scaffolding working inside a tunnel entrance; tracks, lumber and scaffolding inside a tunnel near the entrance; ceiling support structure inside a tunnel; man, track and ceiling supports inside tunnel; men standing on dirt pile at tunnel entrance supported by rock; men and horse working on rock cut at Six Mile Creek (December 7, 1907); men, horses, and steam shovel working on rock cut east of Missoula (circa 1911); steam shovel inside a tunnel supported by wood framework. circa 1907-1911 1/6 CM & St. P RR Construction Camps & Crews near Missoula – tents, buildings and construction materials in camp located in the forest; tent camp and building near bridge under construction across a river; tents and buildings on the bank above a river and next to a mountain; buildings in a clearing in a forest with mountains behind; interior of a building with a wood stove, three long tables set with dishes for a meal, and bench seats; men and horse teams standing in front of a large barn with mountains in the background; men in horse-drawn wagons traveling along a hillside; men in two spring wagons on a dirt road; water tank between tracks and train cars with a building on the hill behind; man and four children on a locomotive (“F.J. MacIsaac” written on the locomotive) standing in front of a building and pushing a flat car labeled “Peteler”. 1/7 CM & St. P RR Bridge Construction near Butte – truck on a bridge connected to a rock pile; men and equipment working on steel bridge at Penfield (circa 1908-1910) (taken by Hawes); Penfield bridge and water tank in distance. circa 1908-1910 1/8 CM & St. P RR Tunnel Construction near Butte – crew and equipment at east portal of Pipestone Pass tunnel on the Continental Divide with buildings and trucks running above the tunnel entrance (circa 1908-1910) (taken by Hawes); workers in the Pipestone Pass tunnel with track and wooden framework; men and horse working inside “Flashlight” tunnel removing rocks; men and tracks at “east tunnel 3” entrance with timber and rock supports (1907); men, track, and timbers at “east tunnel 4” entrance (1907); men with tools and a mule pulling cart on rails at rock cut “155 east” (1907); rails leading into “tunnel 2 west” entrance (1907); men with tools and wheelbarrows standing inside a tunnel having tracks, lights, and wood and rebar framework; man standing in tunnel having a ceiling made of wood strips. circa 1907-1910 1/9 CM & St. P RR Construction Camps & Crews near Butte – men in front of “new building at old camp” surrounded by trees (1907); building near trees and rocks (“old camp from hill east of camp”) (1907); camp with building, tents, man on horse, dog, and road in winter, probably in Thompson Park (1907); “view from construction camp near Butte” with trees, hills, and rocks; “construction camp near tunnel” with tents, building with tall chimneys, and corral; ten men, “railroad survey party,” including the cook, Norrington, Lockridge, Grossberg, Heller, Seymour, Dutreau, Remey, Brooks, McBrady”; engineering party, ”old camp” including four men (L. Ramey, Heller, Grossberg, Dutrow) in a horse-drawn wagon and three men (Lane, Lockridge, Norrington) standing in the road holding transits (1907); four Japanese men standing on a rail handcar, one holding a book and one with binoculars; large group of men posed with shovels (circa 1908-1910). circa 1907-1910 1/10 CM & St. P RR Construction Postcards – men and equipment used for hydraulic excavating; dead trees with track and buildings along a hillside at Bryson; locomotive pulling freight cars on hillside above a river; two tracks along a river; men on top of freight cars being pulled by a locomotive along a hillside; men with rifles, a dog, and a buffalo skull on the tracks in front of a CM & St. P RR freight car (“4th of July at Sumatra, Montana”); group of men and two women standing on a depot platform next to train cars; man sitting on a one-person handcar on the tracks at “Hold Up Cut, Bearmouth”; bridge spanning a small canyon; two men, two women, and a child sitting on a handcar on the tracks at Ravena tunnel; entrances on both ends of a short tunnel with one entrance close to buildings. 1/11 CM & St. P RR Bridge Construction, Miscellaneous – locomotive pulling construction equipment, including a steam shovel, across the plate girder bridge on the Missouri River at Lombard; locomotive and steam shovels on eastern span of Calypso Bridge on the Yellowstone River near Fallon (circa 1908); men and equipment working on #NM-1016 bridge crossing the Judith River (1913). circa 1908-1913 1/12 CM & St. P RR Construction of Taft Tunnel – scaffolding around east end of tunnel in the Bitterroot Mountains in winter; men, tracks, and scaffolding at entrance to 9,000-foot long tunnel; cut and markers on right of way over the tunnel. 1/13 CM & St. P RR Construction, Miscellaneous – men, including W.S. Starner, excavating with steam shovel and loading dirt on flat cars; men and equipment laying timbers on rail bed at Superior (1908). 1908 Subseries II CM & St. P RR Trains, Tracks & Scenery

Photographs of locomotives, train cars, tracks, bridges, tunnels, and scenery along the rail line arranged by date, if known. Some photographs were received from the Milwaukee Road News Bureau. A series of Montana canyon photographs through the Bitterroot Mountains was received from the Wisconsin Historical Society in 1969.

 1/14 CM & St. P RR Trains – “first special train in Butte” including locomotive #462 and passenger cars with people, horse team, and building behind the train (August 2, 1908); group of men and a boy (“first visitors to Butte on the Milwaukee RR”) standing next to a passenger car with buildings behind them (October 1908); crew with locomotive #60 and freight cars near Butte; two men standing with electric box cabs #10205 (also called box motors, square heads, pelicans) at Deer Lodge (circa 1915); men on electric box cabs #10201 (circa 1904-1918); “700 calves delivered by the T-H for shipment” standing near a corral with a train and water tank behind the herd (1926). circa 1904-1926 2/1 CM & St. P RR Trains – photos taken by Milwaukee Road News Bureau including men standing by electric locomotive #1000 and freight cars with building behind the train; electric locomotive #E77 in snow near Missoula; crowd in Butte looking at the first electric box cab #10200 that has banner reading “Largest Electric Locomotive in the World Built by General Electric Company, Erie, Penna.” (1915); people standing on an open observation car at the end of the Olympian train approaching a tunnel with electric poles running along the track (circa 1930s); locomotive #10250 with banner reading “This Giant Engine En Route to A Century of Progress Exposition, Chicago 1933”; two Little Joe electric locomotives (#E73) and three diesel engines with freight cars at the Three Forks depot (1962); #261 XL Special freight train with four diesel locomotives and one electric locomotive (#E73) traveling westbound in the valley east of Alberton; and a freight train with three locomotives on a bridge over the highway near Tarkio. circa 1915-1962 2/2 CM & St. P RR Trains, Tracks &Scenery – fisherman standing near tracks with locomotive (class F4 3006) and passenger cars coming out of a tunnel in the Bitterroot Mountains; passenger car after coming through canyon in the Bitterroot Mountains; tracks coming through a canyon in the Bitterroot Mountains; tracks coming from a tunnel in the Bitterroot Mountains; stacks of ties, buildings, and a water tank along the tracks in western Montana; stream and cliffs in the Bitterroot Mountains. Subseries III CM & St. P RR Bridges & Tunnels

Photographs of bridges and tunnels, some with trains. Photographs were received from the Wisconsin Historical Society, Jack McDougall, and the Milwaukee Road News Bureau.

 2/3 CM & St. P RR Bridges & Tunnels – bridge going into Eagles Nest tunnel at Sixteen Mile Canyon in the Bitterroot Mountains; freight train on a bridge crossing the river; six locomotives pulling “Golden Grain Train” (40 yellow covered hopper cars) across a bridge at Red Rock Coulee east of Great Falls loaded with 135,000 bushels going to market (taken by Milwaukee Road News Bureau); locomotives pulling freight cars across the Columbia River Bridge at Beverly, Washington (taken by Milwaukee Road News Bureau); bridge going into a tunnel in the Bitterroot Mountains with a sluice box carrying water above the tunnel entrance. Subseries IV CM & St. P RR Events

Events include the last spike ceremony at Butte in 1908, the last spike ceremony on the Pacific Coast extension near Garrison in 1909, and railroad officials gathered at Three Forks in 1926. Photographs are arranged chronologically. These images were received from Mrs. George Grossberg and the Milwaukee Road Magazine.

 2/4 CM & St. P RR Events – group of men, many crewmen, standing where the last spike was placed connecting Butte and Chicago (July 27, 1908) (taken by Hawes); group of men, including five Japanese-American crewmen, standing where the last spike on the Pacific Coast extension was placed west of Garrison (May 19, 1909); group of men (including W.R. Lanning, Mr. Copland, J.W. Fry, U.J. Fry, R.F. Weeks, J.F. Pinson, C.H. Marshall, Dr. Spottswood, E.J. Pearson, J.H. Ellison, C.H. McLeod, C.F. Loweth, W.O. Winston, Frank Conley, Fred Steling, George Nick, Mott Sawyer, W.H. Davidson, H.E. Stevens., J.D. McVicar, J.J. Harding, A.L. Stone, W.P. Warner and Eugene Greenwald) standing on the tracks with locomotive #32 where the last spike was located on the Pacific Coast extension west of Garrison (May 19,1909); group of Milwaukee railroad officials standing at the Three Forks depot in front of a train (August 1926) (taken by Albert Schlecten). 1908-1926 Series II Great Northern Railroad (GNRR)

The Great Northern Railroad images are arranged in subseries including Construction; Trains & Tracks; Bridges, Tunnels & Facilities; Wrecks; and Events & Miscellany. Includes photographs of the St. Paul, Milwaukee & Manitoba Railroad (St. PM&M) and the St. Paul & Pacific Railroad (St. P&P), both predecessor lines of the Great Northern. In addition, there are photographs of the Montana Western Railroad (MWRR), and Montana Central Railroad (MCRR), two small spur lines that connected to the GNRR. Some photos of the Montana Central Railroad were taken by Robert M. Long who worked as a civil engineer during construction of the GNRR in Montana during 1895-1896.

 Subseries I GNRR Construction

Construction photographs for the St. Paul Milwaukee & Manitoba Railroad (St. PM&M) and the GNRR are arranged by date: 1887, 1888-1900, 1911-1966. The subseries includes crews, equipment, camps, dormitory cars, rail bed construction, laying tracks, building train stations, etc. Some photographs were received from the GNRR’s Public Relations Department.

 2/5 GNRR Construction, 1887 – men, horses, wagons, and tents in construction camp in the vicinity of Fort Belknap (taken by D. F. Barry); construction crew and local Indians posed in front and on top of St. PM&M skyscraper dormitory cars (one with caption “when our gang came out from supper”) (Dakota Territory); horse-drawn wagons and crew standing with St. PM&M supply train and dormitory cars (Dakota Territory); soldiers (one with a bass drum) sitting on a flat car and construction crew standing on top of a St. PM&M dormitory car (with caption “off to the front”) (Dakota Territory); crew with horse teams working in Taylor’s Cut east of Fort Assiniboine (taken by H.G. Klenze or D.F. Barry); in Marias Valley a train carrying ties and rails on the main track, cars for office and general stores on the side track, telegraph office in the center, tents and crew near the side track (taken by H.G. Klenze); crew and soldiers (20th Infantry) standing on rail bed to celebrate the laying of seven miles of track in a day between Havre and Fort Assiniboine (September 8); construction crew posed in front and on top of the Fort Assiniboine station building after its completion; men and horses standing outside near the Shepard Winston & Company office car for St. PM&M at Fort Assiniboine (September 14); men and horses driving piles across a river (possibly the Missouri or Marias); men and mule-drawn graders working on a rail bed, possibly in Teton County near Collins (taken by Dan Dutro). 1887 2/6 GNRR Construction, 1888-1900 – crew dormitory cars and supply cars on tracks; crew and horses pulling iron cars work laying track (c. 1888); group in front of log building with sod roof and “Restaurant Meals at all hours” sign with caption “Hotel on the Manitoba Railway” (from “Sport Among the Rockies” published in 1889) (taken by Charles S. Francis); locomotive #155 and crew unloading ties; men, horses and wagons in front of Shepard Winston & Company office car for the St. PM&M in Marias Valley (c. 1891) (taken by H.G. Klenze); in the distance, crew, horses and wagons near the river and tracks in Marias Valley (c. 1891); train with construction materials on bridge over Two Medicine Creek (1891); logging crew, horses, wagons (one loaded with logs), St.nPM&M engine and cars, and building with ”Libby Townsite & Lumber Co.” sign (1892); steam shovel loading dirt on flat cars for construction of rail bed near Fort Benton (1899); man shoveling in a ditch to relocate tracks near Fort Benton (1899). 1888-1900 2/7 GNRR Construction, 1911-1966 – men and horse-drawn equipment grading railway up Sun River Valley (1911) (taken by Clarence S. Bull); men, horses and wagons grading roadbed for Saco to Turned branch line (1920); men and horses working along the Missouri River at Wolf Creek Canyon; men and helicopters moving propane tanks during installation of two-way repeater system at Mt. Furlong near Glacier National Park (1966); men constructing facility for two-way repeater system at Mt. Furlong; men and equipment during tunnel construction by U.S. Corps of Engineers to relocate railroad for Libby Dam (1966) (taken by Mel Ruder, Hungry Horse News). 1911-1966 Subseries II GNRR Trains and Tracks

Photographs of trains and tracks for GNRR, Montana Central Railroad (MCRR), Montana Western Railroad (MWRR), and St. Paul & Pacific Railroad (St. P&P) including locomotives, passenger cars, freight cars, caboose, livestock cars, sightseeing cars, dome cars, and flat cars hauling aluminum. Some images are from the GNRR Photo Division taken in 1966 to promote the Empire Builder passenger train traveling through Glacier National Park.

2/8 GNRR Trains & Tracks – in the distance, a train traveling through Teton Valley east of Fort Benton near cliffs and the Missouri River (circa 1887) (taken by H.G. Klenze); locomotive #160 and crew, “one of first trains on Great Northern”; crewman and passengers standing next to a MCRR locomotive in Helena (1890); five men standing on the platform of the last car of a MCRR passenger train, probably taken between Great Falls and Butte (circa 1890); crew, including Engineer Peterson, Vic Beaudoin, Conductor Ed (Red) Murphy, E.D. Coleman, Alex Gott, and others standing with locomotive #197 and caboose east of the Glasgow station (1894); MCRR freight train in winter at Clancy before construction of the town (circa 1896) (taken by Robert M. Long); crew and young boy at last car of a passenger train at Jennings with buildings and a water tank behind the train (circa 1897); a 4-8-0 Brooks locomotive pulling a freight train on the horseshoe curve near Fielding station (also called Blacktail) (1899); crew with 4-8-0 Brooks locomotive #702 pulling livestock and freight cars at Nyack (later Red Eagle), south of West Glacier entrance to the park (1899); people standing beside tracks as passenger train goes through Bad Rock Canyon near Columbia Falls; locomotive #728 (a passenger engine) at a water tank with freight cars (hauling J.B. Long Livestock Company sheep to Minneapolis) on the Teton River near Fort Benton (1907). circa 1887-1907> 2/9 GNRR Trains & Tracks – MWRR locomotive and passenger car “through train” (1910); large group riding in an open-air sightseeing car on a passenger train traveling between Glacier Park Station and Troy (circa 1910); crewmen and others with engine #2008 (1913) (taken by Brainerd Photo of Havre); group of men, including A.G. Baker, standing at the end car of a passenger train in Great Falls (1914); crew and train of open-air cars at Glasgow loaded with automobiles and tourists traveling west (June 1923); engineer and engine #1, St. P&P “William Crooks” pulling two cars (1927); group of people looking at “William Crooks” engine, probably at Chinook station (circa 1927); locomotive #3232 at the Whitefish station (1953); front of locomotive #2584 at Havre; windmill in field (with sign reading “Fairbanks Morse”) with a freight train on the tracks at Opal Siding, Blackfeet Indian Reservation in background. circa 1910-1953 2/10 GNRR Trains & Tracks – photos of the Empire Builder passenger train & dome cars (1966) (taken by GNRR Photo) including trains pulled by locomotives #361-A and #353-A traveling through the Blackfeet Indian Reservation; trains pulled by locomotives #352-C and #361-A traveling through Marias Pass; crew from small rail vehicle waving as train goes by in Glacier National Park; train pulled by locomotive #281-A going through Glacier National Park with forests, a stream, and snow-covered Mount St. Nicholas in the background; fisherman by a pond watching train go by near Glacier National Park; people on horseback from a nearby dude ranch watching train go by near Glacier National Park; a man on horseback above the river watching train go by near Elk Mountain in Glacier National Park; and man wearing a cowboy hat standing near the tracks watching a dome car go by in the Montana Rockies. 2/11 GNRR Trains & Tracks – “Hot Shot” freight train with four GP-20 diesel-electric locomotive units (lead by locomotive #2010) traveling through forests with snow-covered Mt. Nyack in the background (1966) (taken by GNRR Photo); freight train traveling along a river through Marias Pass with Mount St. Nicholas in the background (1966); heavy duty flat cars with aluminum bulkheads (built by the Anaconda Aluminum Company) at Columbia Falls (1966); five diesel-electric locomotives (including locomotives #3008 and #3005) pulling a freight train by grain elevators at Conrad (signs reading “Cargill” and “Equity Coop Association”) (1966); locomotive #700 pulling a freight train on new Burlington Northern line in Jennings area near Libby (1970). Tracks – man walking along tracks in deep snow at Highgate where three trains were snowbound for a week (January 1911); MCRR track coming through a cut, possibly south of Cascade; train tracks along the river in Glacier National Park. 1911-1970 Subseries III GNRR Bridges, Tunnels & Facilities

Includes photographs of Montana Central Railroad (MCRR). Some images were taken by GNRR Photo Division promoting the line. Facilities include water tanks, outbuildings, station buildings, roundhouse, grain elevators, and the vermiculite plant in Libby.

 3/1 GNRR Bridges – man on the first bridge over Two Medicine River (1891); MCRR bridge #164 over Deadman Gulch near Butte (1896) (taken by Robert M. Long); MCRR bridge #98 across Corbin Gulch (south of Helena) with a house, corral, and outbuildings in the gulch in winter (taken by Robert M. Long); passenger train on bridge at Corbin with houses, cows and a road under the bridge; men on first Cut Bank bridge, built of wooden timbers, with a road and buildings on platforms beneath the bridge (taken by A.B. Coe); steam locomotive #2517 and passenger cars on a bridge crossing the Flathead River near Coram; freight train on Sheep Creek Bridge crossing the Middle Fork of the Flathead River (1966) (taken by GNRR Photo). 1891-1966 3/2 GNRR Tunnels – taken by Robert M. Long including MCRR tunnel #11 in snow-covered Sluice Box Canyon along Belt Creek; man standing in front of MCRR timber-framed west portal tunnel #5 near Mitchell; and man sitting on stone archway at MCRR tunnel entrance with bridge #161 above (September 1896). 1896 3/3 GNRR Facilities – MCRR train traveling away from a water tank and outbuilding at Portal, near Boulder (1890); Glasgow roundhouse and crew including Percy Roundy, George McKenzie (storekeeper), Pierce Anderson, W.F. Prentice, Charles Mason, Barney Krieger, Frank M. Fryburg, Robert Heroold (foreman), William Smith (car repair), Jerry Cahill, and Joseph Kriest (circa 1894); MCRR yard at Clancy including buildings, water tank, and ten-pocket coal dock and conveyor belt (circa 1896) (taken by Robert M. Long); MCRR facilities at Ulm including station building, platform, water tank, and equipment, with a large farmhouse, outbuildings and windmill behind the station (circa 1896) (taken by Robert M. Long); Summit Station’s log building near tracks at St. Marias Pass (1897); freight cars beside grain elevators (one with “General Mills, Inc.” sign) at Dutton with the station beyond the elevators (1966) (taken by GNRR Photo); W.R. Grace Company’s Zonolite Division facilities near Libby including storage silos, conveyor (across river), and rail area where vermiculite is loaded into 100-ton center-flow covered hopper cars for transport to market (1966) (taken by GNRR Photo). circa 1890-1966 Subseries IV GNRR Wrecks

Wrecks on the Elkhorn Branch, at Bad Rock Canyon, and near Havre, Great Falls, and Paisley.

 3/4 GNRR Wrecks – train wreck and bridge collapse near Boulder, probably the Elkhorn Branch (taken by C.S. Walgamott); wrecked train cars in snow on the Elkhorn Branch; men and equipment working in snow at Bad Rock Canyon wreck with train cars in the river below the tracks near a tunnel; people standing and working near wrecked train cars at Havre’s west rail yards where two men were killed (1917); equipment lifting a wrecked locomotive onto the tracks near Great Falls; locomotive #450 being hauled on a flat car after colliding with locomotive #409 east of Paisley where four men were killed. 1917 Subseries V GNRR Events & Miscellany

Events include the 1893 Last Spike ceremony at Scenic, Washington and the 1970 ceremony at Libby when GNRR changed to the Burlington Northern Railroad (BNRR). Miscellany includes photos from the Pearsons vs. GNRR court case and include the Neihart Branch of the Montana Central Railroad (MCRR). Photographs from the Pearsons vs. GNRR court case were received from the Minnesota Historical Society in 1958 (documents from the case are in the Montana Historical Society Manuscript Division).

 3/5 GNRR Events – crew on tracks and on platform for the driving of the last spike at Scenic, Washington in the Cascade Mountains (photograph and engraving from Harper’s Weekly) (January 6, 1893); Libby line change from GNRR to Burlington Northern, first train over the new line and last over the old line (November 7, 1970) includes John Johnson, Libby Chamber of Commerce, handing ticket to E.W. Jones, conductor for the 1,120 passengers traveling on the first-and-last train; passengers waiting to board train with BNRR locomotive #6623; people on tracks as the special train approaches the Jennings switch where the 59-mile line around Libby reservoir begins; standing on the tracks in front of a “First Train” banner, Colonel Howard L. Sargents, Jr. presents John M. Budd with the silver switch key symbolizing the transfer of the new line to BNRR as John L. Beyer watches; men, some with cameras, on the tracks watching as the special train approaches the “First Train” banner at Jennings; Flathead Indian drummers and dancers perform near the new Flathead tunnel as the special train comes through; members of the Flathead Indian tribe and John M. Budd stand between a teepee and a BNRR passenger car near the Flathead tunnel; John M. Budd and Bud Barnaby (Flathead Indian, holding microphone) standing together. 1893-1907 3/6 GNRR Miscellany – section hands near tracks and a horse-drawn covered wagon skinning a steer that was killed by a passenger near Glasgow with an Indian woman and child standing near the wagon (taken by E.W. Lewis); Continental Divide sign post at the top of the Rocky Mountains east of Butte (taken by Robert M. Long); photos from Pearsons vs. GNRR court case including tracks and stream in Sluice Box Canyon; erosion at dike of igneous rock southeast of Cascade; eruption dike northwest of Cascade; valley of the Missouri River and Big Belt Mountains near Cascade; and Belt Creek in Sluice Box Canyon (Neihart Branch of the MCRR) (taken by Collette). Series III Northern Pacific Railroad (NPRR)

The Northern Pacific Railroad images are arranged in subseries including Construction, Trains, Bridges & Facilities, and Wrecks & Events.

 Subseries I NPRR Construction

Construction photographs for the NPRR are arranged by date and include crews, equipment, dormitory cars, rail bed construction, and laying tracks.

 3/7 NPRR Construction – men laying track near Helena going westward with Mount Helena in the distance (circa 1883) (taken by F.A. Greenleaf); crew and horses in Helena standing in front of a construction train which includes dormitory cars with tents pitched on top (1883) (taken by F. A. Greenleaf); crew and horse-drawn equipment “engaged in double tracking” at the west entrance of Rocky Canyon east of Bozeman (circa 1907, 1909); crew and horses “double tracking” near Chestnut (circa 1907); three men with shovels working on tracks in front of a tunnel near Paradise with an unidentified animal at their feet (circa 1913); track laying crew on flat iron car being pulled by a horse (taken by I. G. Davidson). circa 1883-1913 Subseries II NPRR Trains

Train photographs include locomotives, passenger cars, snow removal equipment (plows and cranes), and freight cars.

 3/8 NPRR Trains – large group of people standing in front of and on a locomotive and two passenger cars near Gallatin (1885); a man standing on top of a train car with four young boys sitting on the track next to the car (1885) (taken by F.A. Greenleaf); three men standing with switch locomotive #126 at Deer Lodge; crew, including cooks, and passengers standing by a passenger train stopped at a station with a water tank and windmill (taken by I.G. Davidson); locomotive pulling a long line of stock cars, some with men sitting on top (circa 1890s); crew, including conductor John H. Voorhies, brakemen Joe Myers and B.A. Thomas, and engineer Jack Lee, with locomotive #172 in Forsyth (March 1903); crew, including conductor John H. Voorhies, with locomotive #197 and train cars at Forsyth; crew, including conductor John H. Voorhies, with locomotive #187 at Horton; crew and a woman on locomotive #682 and train cars near Deer Lodge (circa 1905). circa 1885-1905 3/9 PRR Trains –N crew with locomotive #93 and passenger cars at Wallace, Idaho (circa 1909); crew and snow plow clearing tracks in burned forest area near bridge on the Coeur d’Alene branch (taken by T.N. Barnard); locomotive #695 and grain elevators at Miles City (May 1934); steam-powered crane and other equipment removing snow from tracks at railroad cut north of Tash’s Ranch near Twin Bridges (1936); train running backward on bridge across Elkhorn Creek toward the town of Elkhorn (circa 1916); freight train near hills, possibly in the Colstrip area; running gear and air pumps on passenger locomotive at Livingston; passenger train “No. 1” along hills east of Bozeman (taken by Albert Schlechten); train and tracks along stream in Bearmouth Canyon (taken by Herman Schnitzmeyer for NPRR); locomotive #25 at the Butte roundhouse (1953). circa 1909-1953 Subseries III NPRR Bridges & Facilities

Photographs of bridges and tunnels, some with trains. Facilities include coal docks, shop buildings, rail yard, and loading chutes.

 3/10 NPRR Bridges – barrels sitting along tracks on Greenhorn bridge at Butler (Austin) near Helena (1891); train on bridge at Sawmill Gulch on the Helena to Marysville branch line (one photograph in snow); train on “curving” bridge over water (possibly Greenhorn Creek) going west toward Mullan tunnel near Helena; bridge at Queen’s Gulch near Elkhorn; bridge over Fish Creek. 1891 3/11 NPRR Facilities – coal docks at Missoula; shop buildings and yard at Livingston; cattle in loading chute at stock yards, possibly at Miles City (circa 1891) (taken by C.A. Wiley); herd of cattle from Three Sevens Ranch in corral near tracks and stock cars (circa 1895). circa 1891-1895 Subseries IV NPRR Wrecks & Events

Photographs of wrecks at Wimsett Point and near Mullan. Events include the 1883 Golden Spike ceremony at Gold Creek, trains arriving in Billings during the Pullman strike in 1894, and first trains arriving at Pony and Twin Bridges in 1897.

 3/12 NPRR Wrecks – men looking at locomotive and train cars in water at Wimsett Point (October 1902); train with one passenger car hanging off the collapsed “S” bridge near Mullan (1903) (taken by T.N. Barnard). 1902-1903 4/1 NPRR Events – crowd, including dentist A.F. Foote, gathered at grandstand at Golden Spike ceremony at Gold Creek (one cyanotype) (1883) (taken by F.A. Greenleaf); crowd gathered on tracks and grandstand at Golden Spike ceremony including men with camera on a scaffold (taken by I.G. Davidson); group of Crow Indian men in traditional dress at the Golden Spike ceremony including White Bear (Russell W. Bear’s father), Wet, Covers Up His Feet; Bell Rock (Mit-a-wosh), Medicine Crow (Joe Medicine Crow’s grandfather), Pretty Eagle, Four Balls, and Old Dog (Bis-ca-carriers) (taken by F.A. Greenleaf); group, including Calamity Jane and a few armed soldiers, stand with locomotive #291 as the train arrives in Billings during the Pullman strike (1894); large crowd of men stand near locomotive #606 that brought the first train to Billings after the Pullman strike (1894); group of people, including many young girls in white dresses and men holding banners, standing on and by the first train into Pony by locomotive #136 (May 1897); men and women, including John W. Brook and Tom Brook, standing with the first train into Twin Bridges pulled by locomotive #468 (circa 1897). circa 1883-1897 Series IV Smaller Montana Railroad Lines

The photographs of smaller railroad lines that operated in Montana are in folders arranged alphabetically by railroad name. Included are images of construction, crews, facilities, trains, bridges, and events. The Miscellaneous Montana Lines folder includes photographs of the Butte, Anaconda & Pacific Railroad, Montana Union Railroad, and White Sulphur Springs & Yellowstone Park Railroad (Ringling Railroad).

 4/2 Burlington & Missouri River Railroad – track laying crew with flat cars loaded with ties; Mrs. Kathryn Riis, cook, standing in doorway of car on a parked work train; abandoned right-of-way through Pryor Gap with hills behind. 4/3 Gilmore & Pittsburg Railroad – water tank and buildings along tracks; construction crew and equipment working on the tracks; construction equipment near buildings at Medicine Lodge, one with sign “Medicine Lodge Saloon” (circa 1908); men and rotary clearing snow off tracks (circa 1925); man working on locomotive #11; rail bus gas motor car #650 in front of a building at Leadore, Idaho (1939); rotary #2 at Leadore (1939); locomotive #13, probably at Armstead (1939); locomotive #14 probably at Armstead; locomotive #10 at Wyno (1939). circa 1908-1939 4/4 Jawbone Railroad (Montana Railroad Company) – men, train, and pile driver working in Baken (?) field (March 1900); ; group of people standing on and near locomotive #394, the first engine into Lewistown (October 1903) (taken by Walter Lehman); men with three locomotives coupled together to break the three-month snow blockade to Lewistown (1904) (taken by Walter Lehman); train on tracks along Missouri River near Lombard (circa 1907); tracks going through Sixteen Mile Canyon (circa 1907); man and three women standing on tracks by stream going through Sixteen Mile Canyon (circa 1907); foot bridge in a box canyon stream during construction of line; crew and horse-drawn cart working in boulder cut in Sixteen Mile Canyon; log buildings in snow at mile 26 engineer’s camp; men and equipment, including locomotive #43, building a bridge over Warm Spring Creek; tracks, buildings, cliffs, and river at Lombard. circa 1900-1907 4/5 Jawbone Railroad – April 1899 winter storm including buried snow shed #1, an engine stuck in a drift, and crew and equipment removing snow from the tracks; March 1904 winter storm including snow at Dorsey Cut and west side of the summit, buried snow fence, men shoveling near a snowbound engine; men shoveling snow in an engine for water, men shoveling out of a shallow cut after the engine has “trucked” it, and “bucking” snow to clear the tracks; men standing near a snowbound train (taken by Holmboe & White). 1899-1904 4/6 Montana Southern Railroad – men building bridge next to a river; men building a bridge near a tunnel; man standing on a flat car pulled by locomotive #1 in the snow; men and two automobiles near locomotive #1 and stacks of lumber; locomotive #3 and freight cars; men standing in snow outside a passenger car; men with locomotive #1 in snow; freight train on tracks with men standing on flat car. 4/7 Union Pacific Railroad – crew and men with locomotive #1419, probably at Lima (1895); tracks through cut near Divide (circa 1916); freight cars near Monarch; tracks and hills east of Fort Benton; river and hills near Fort Benton; crew and locomotive #676 circa 1895-1916 4/8 Utah & Northern Railroad/Oregon Short Line – U&NRR crew and others with locomotive #11 at Logan, Utah (1885); U&NRR section house building, windmill, and water tank at Dillon (circa 1885); crew, including engineer E.M. Jacobs, and U&NRR 2-6-6-T locomotive #55 at Garrison (circa 1886); U&NRR locomotive #85 going through Beaver Canyon, Idaho; large track laying crew, many Chinese laborers, with shovels working south of Lima on OSL (circa 1890); OSL passenger train going through Beaver Canyon; OSL train at water tank and other facilities. circa1885-1890 4/9 Miscellaneous Montana Lines – Butte Anaconda & Pacific Railroad locomotive #60 with ore cars on a bridge crossing Silver Bow Creek west of Durant with the NPRR line and the Milwaukee line behind the ore train; crew and Montana Union Railroad locomotive #4 at the Garrison depot; White Sulphur Springs & Yellowstone Park Railroad (Ringling Railroad) locomotive in deep snow (1909) (taken by Ernest White); men moving cattle in chute to load on Hicks Stock Cars. 1909