Utah State University, Merrill-Cazier Library, Special Collections & Archives
Walter H. Gardner papers
UUS_COLL MSS 57
5 boxes
2 linear feet
1941-1947
Reports of the United States Strategic Bombing Survey regarding documentation of effects of aerial bombardment of cities and industrial sites, chiefly in Japan during World War II. Manuals demonstrating the operation and maintenance of pilotless aircraft, type JB-2 "buzz" bombs. Reports and memoranda regarding the construction of a special hangar at Eglin Field, Florida, for testing aircraft under controlled climatic conditions.
Collection materials are in English.
Open to public research.
It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain any necessary copyright clearances.
Permission to publish material from the Walter H. Gardner papers must be obtained from the Special Collections and Archives manuscript curator and/or the Special Collections and Archives department head.
The materials in this collection were donated by Walter H. Gardner in two batches, one in 1980 and one in 2004.
Walter H. Gardner papers, 1941-1947. (COLL MSS 57). Utah State University. Special Collections and Archives Department.
Walter H. Gardner was born in Logan, Utah, in the 1910s. After graduating from the common schools of the area, Gardner studied soil physics at Utah State Agricultural College (now Utah State University) and graduated in 1939 with a BS. With the advent of World War II, Gardner served as a member of the Army Air Forces Corporation, eventually working for the US Military in Japan studying the general effects of war on the soil and the radioactive contamination of soil near Hiroshima and Nagasaki. After completing his work in the Pacific, Gardner returned to Utah and continued his studies. In 1948 he received his MS and in 1950 his PhD in physics. Thereafter, Gardner taught at numerous universities in the West.
Agronomy News, in August of 1984, published the following profile of Gardner:
WALTER H. GARDNER, professor emeritus, Washington State University, assumed the office of president of the Pacific Division of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Dr. Gardner is also presently serving as past president of the Soil Science Society of America. He is widely known for his research and writing in soil physics and soil-water-plant relations. His time-lapse motion picture, "Water Movement in Soil," is used worldwide as a teaching aid. (p.5)
When Gardner retired in the 1980s, he returned to Logan where he has since resided.
This five-box collection contains nearly sixty rare publications about World War II and various government reports relative to US government projects after of war. Some of the publications in this collection are connected to Gardner's research. These publications consist of United States Strategic Bombing Survey reports published during 1944-1947. The United States Strategic Bombing Survey organization was established in 1944 by the Secretary of War and examined and amassed statistical and documentary material on World War II bombing sites in Germany and Japan. Most of the reports in this collection concern the effects of the United States' bombardment of cities and industrial sites in Japan, containing numerous graphic photographs and illustrations. These reports yield detailed information on the effects of bombing raids on the Japanese civilian population, economy, electrical power structure, food supply, and other similar topics.
Box 1 primarily contains reports and memoranda regarding the construction of a special hangar at Eglin Field, Florida, for testing aircraft under controlled climatic conditions. This box also contains a government publication entitled Guide to Japan, and a publication on a thermal spring in Japan, published partly in Japanese.
Boxes 2-5 contain nearly sixty publications by the United States Strategic Bombing Survey organization. Booklets 1 and 2 concern the European Theater, but the remaining 57 publications concern the war in the Pacific. These booklets have been organized by the division that conducted the bombing surveys. The United States Strategic Bombing Survey has also been abbreviated as USSBS.
Following the inventory of this collection, a reference index of subjects and locations has been provided for the aid of researchers.
Arranged in numeric order according to box and folder or book number.
Western Society of Soil Science records COLL MSS 267
Eglin Air Force Base (Fla.)--History.
Hiroshima-shi (Japan)--History--Bombardment, 1945.
Nagasaki-shi (Japan)--History--Bombardment, 1945.
Kobe-shi (Japan)--History--Bombardment, 1945.
Tokyo (Japan)--History--Bombardment, 1944-1945.
Hakodate-shi (Japan)--History--Bombardment, 1945.
Nagoya-shi (Japan)--History--Bombardment, 1945.
Osaka (Japan)--History--Bombardment, 1945.
Bombing, Aerial--Japan.
Atomic bomb--Japan--Blast effect.
World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, American.
World War, 1939-1945--Destruction and pillage--Japan.
V-1 bomb.
Military
Air Forces Proving Ground Command Papers and other materials
Climatic Hangar Project Memoranda
1944
1
1
(A project entailing the construction and operation of a mammoth hangar at Eglin Field in Florida to house the performance testing of large aircraft under controlled climatic conditions.)
Climatic Hangar Project Memoranda
1945
1
2
Climatic Hangar Project. Reports
undated
1
3
Climatic Hangar Project. Specifications.
undated
1
4
Climatic Hangar Project. Misc
undated
1
5
Facilities Branch Proof Division. Report
1944
1
6
(The function of this branch of the Army Air Forces Proving Ground Command was to provide the latest testing methods and broad scientific methods of testing for the service testing of Army Air Forces aircraft and auxiliary equipment.)
Pilotless Aircraft Project. Technical Orders
1945
1
7
(These manuals demonstrate the methods of assembly, preparation and launching of the pilotless aircraft type JB-2 jet bomb or "buzz" bomb.)
Report: The Period of Japanese Advance-Prior to Allied Invasion of Guadalcanal
1941-1942
1
8
Guide to Japan, Cincpac-Cincpoa Bulletin 209-45
1945 September 1
1
9
Publication on Shirahama Thermal Springs in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan
undated
1
10
(title and parts of booklet are in Japanese).
Miscellaneous
undated
1
11
United States Strategic Bombing Surveys
items 1-59.
Summary Report; European War, USSBS
1946 September 30
(five copies)
2
1
The Effects of Strategic Bombing on the German War Economy, Overall Economic Effects Division, USSBS
1946 October 31
2
2
Summary Report; Pacific War, USSBS
1946 July 1
(four copies).
2
3
Aichi Aircraft Company Corporation Report No. V, Aircraft Division, USSBS
1947 February
2
4
Hitachi Aircraft Company Corporation Report No. VII, Aircraft Division, USSBS
1947 February
2
5
Ishikawajima Aircraft Industries Company, Ltd. Corporation Report No. XIII, Aircraft Division, USSBS
1946 November 1
2
6
The Japanese Aircraft Industry, Aircraft Division, USSBS
1947 May
2
7
Kawanishi Aircraft Co. Corporation Report No. III, Aircraft Division, USSBS
1947 April
2
8
Kawasaki Aircraft Industries Company, Inc. Corporation Report No. IV, Aircraft Division, USSBS
1947 May
2
9
Kyushu Airplane Industries Corporation Report No. XV, Aircraft Division, USSBS
1947 February
2
10
Nissan Automobile Company Corporation Report No. XVIII, Aircraft Division, USSBS
1946 November 1
2
11
Showa Airplane Company Corporation Report No. XII, Aircraft Division, USSBS
1946 December
2
12
Underground Production of Japanese Aircraft Report No. XX, Aircraft Division, USSBS
1947 March
2
13
Coals and Metals in Japan' s War Economy, Basic Material Division, USSBS
1947 April
(two copies).
2
14
The Effects of the Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Chairman's Office, USSBS
1946 June 19
3
15
The Effects of the Atomic Bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Chairman's Office, USSBS
1946 June 30
(four copies).
3
16
Summary Report Covering Air-Raid Protection and Allied Subjects in Japan, Civilian Defense Division, USSBS
1946 March 15
3
17
Hiroshima, Japan Field Report, Civilian Defense Division, USSBS
1945 November 15
3
18
Field Report Covering Air-Raid Protection and Allied Subjects in Kobe, Japan, Civilian Defense Division, USSBS
1947 February
3
19
Field Report Covering Air-Raid Protection and Allied Subjects in Kyoto, Japan, Civilian Defense Division, USSBS
1947 February
3
20
Field Report Covering Air-Raid Protection and Allied Subjects in Nagasaki, Japan, Civilan Defense Division, USSBS
1947 March
3
21
Field Report Covering Air-Raid Protection and Allied Subjects in Osaka, Japan, Civilian Defense Division, USSBS
1947 May
3
22
Field Report Covering Air-Raid Protection and Allied Subjects in Tokyo, Japan, Civilian Defense Division, USSBS
1947 March
3
23
Field Report Covering Air-Raid Protection and Allied Subjects in Japan, Civilian Defense Division, USSBS
1947 February
3
24
The Japanese Construction Industry, Construction Section, USSBS
1945 November 30
(two copies).
3
25
Electric Power Industry of Japan, Electrical Power Division, USSBS
1945 December 3
3
26
Electric Power Industry of Japan: Plant Reports, Electrical Power Division, USSBS
1947 May
3
27
The Japanese Wartime Standard of Living and Utilization of Manpower, Manpower, Food and Civilian Supplies Division, USSBS
1947 January
3
28
The Effects of Atomic Bombs on Health and Medical Services in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Medical Division, USSBS
1947 March
3
29
The Effect of Air Action on Japanese Ground Army Logistics, Military Analysis Division, USSBS
1947 April
4
30
Japanese Air Weapons and Tactics, Military Analysis Division, USSBS
1947 January
4
31
Japanese Army Ordnance, Military Supplies Division, USSBS
1946 December
4
32
Japanese Motor Vehicle Industry, Military Supplies Division , USSBS
1946 November 1
4
33
Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland: Part Two; Airfields, Photographic Intelligence Section, USSBS
undated
4
34
Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland: Part Three: Computed Bomb Plotting, Photographic Intelligence Section, USSBS
undated
4
35
Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland: Part Four: Urban Area Analysis, Photographic Intelligence Section, USSBS
undated
4
36
Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland: Part Five: Camouflage, Concealment, and Defense, Photographic Intelligence Section, USSBS
undated
4
37
Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland: Part Six: Shipping, Photographic Intelligence Section, USSBS
undated
4
38
Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland: Part Seven: Electronics, Photographic Intelligence Section, USSBS
undated
4
39
Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland: Part Eight: Beach Intelligence, Photographic Intelligence Section, USSBS
undated
4
40
Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland: Part Nine: Coast and Anti-Aircraft Artillery, Photographic Intelligence Section, USSBS
undated
4
41
Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland: Part Ten: Roads and Railroads, Photographic Intelligence Section, USSBS
undated
4
42
Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland: Part Eleven: Industrial Analysis, Photographic Intelligence Section, USSBS
undated
4
43
Effects of Incendiary Bomb Attacks on Japan: A Report of Eight Cities, Physical Damage Division, USSBS
1947 April
4
44
Effects of Two Thousand, One Thousand and Five Hundred Pound Bombs on Japanese Targets: A Report of Eight Incidents, Physical Damage Division, USSBS
1947 April
4
45
Comments and Data on Effectiveness of Ammunition and Accuracy of Firings, Ships Bombardment Survey Party, USSBS
1946 May
5
46
Study of the Hakodate Area: 1945, Ships Bombardment Survey Party, USSBS
1946 April
5
47
Study of the Hamamatsu Area: 1945, Ships Bombardment Survey Party, USSBS
1946 April
5
48
Study of the Kamaishi Area: 1945, Ships Bombardment Survey Party, USSBS
1946
5
49
Study of the Muroran Area: 1945, Ships Bombardment Survey Party, USSBS
1946 April
5
50
Study of the Shimizu Area: 1945, Ships Bombardment Survey Party, USSBS
1946
5
51
Study of Shionomisaki and Nojima Saki Areas: 1945, Ships Bombardment Survey Party, USSBS
1946 May
5
52
The Effects of Air Attack on Japanese Urban Economy: Summary Report, Urban Areas Report, USSBS
1947 March
5
53
The Effects of Air Attack on the City of Nagoya, Urban Areas Report, USSBS
1947 June
5
54
The Effects of Air Attack on the City of Nagasaki, Urban Areas Report, USSBS
1947 April
5
55
The Effects of Air Attack on the Urban Complex of Tokyo-Kawasaki-Yokohama, Urban Areas Report, USSBS
1947 June
5
56
Japanese Electrical Equipment, Capital Equipment and Construction Division, USSBS
1945 November 30
5
57
Chemicals in Japan's War, Oil and Chemical Division, USSBS
1946 February
5
58
Chemicals in Japan's War: Appendix, Oil and Chemical Division, USSBS
1946
5
59
Index of Subjects & Locations
AICHI AIRCRAFT COMPANY box 4 No. 4
AICHI-EITOKA AIRCRAFT COMPANY box 4 No. 45
AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY box 2 No. 4-13
AIR FIELDS box 4 No. 34
AIR-RAID PROTECTION box 3 No. 19-24
AIR WEAPONS box 4 No. 31
AKASHI, JAPAN box 4 No. 44
AMAGASAKI, JAPAN box 4 No. 45
ANTI-AIRCRAFT ARTILLERY box 4 No. 41
AOMORI, JAPAN box 4 No. 44
ARMY AIR FORCE PROVING GROUND COMMAND box 1 Fd. 1-8
ATOMIC BOMBS box 3 No. 15,16,18,21,29 box 5 No. 55
AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY box 2 No. 11 box 4 No. 33
"BUZZ" BOMBS box I Fd. 7
CIVILIAN DEFENSE box 3 No. 17-24
COASTAL ARTILLERY box 4 No. 40-41
CONCEALMENT/CONCEALMENT box 4 No. 37
CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY box 3 No. 25
DEFENSE SYSTEM box 4 No. 37
ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY box 3 No. 26-27
ELECTRONICS box 4 No. 39
GERMAN WAR ECONOMY box 2 No. 2
HACHIOJI, JAPAN box 4 No 44
HAKODATE, JAPAN box 5 No 47
HAMAMATSU, JAPAN box 5 No 48
HIROSHIMA, JAPAN box 3 No 15,16,18,29
HITACHI AIRCRAFT COMPANY box 2 No 5
IMABARI, JAPAN box 4 No 44
ISHIKAWAJIMA AIRCRAFT INDUSTRIES...box 2 No 6
JAPANESE WAR ECONOMY box 2 No 3-14; box 3 No. 25-28; box 4 No. 33,38,39,42,43
JAPANESE WARTIME STANDARD OF LIVING box 3 No. 28
KAMAISHI, JAPAN box 5 box 5
KAWANISHI AIRCRAFT CO~ANY box 2 box 4
KAWASAKI AIRCRAFT COMPANIES box 2 No. 8
KOBE, JAPAN box 3 No. 19
KYOTO, JAPAN box 3 No. 20
KYUSHU AIRPLANE INDUSTRIES box 2 No. 10
LOGISTICS, ARMY box 4 No. 30
MEDICAL FACILITIES/Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan box 3 No. 29
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, Ltd. box 4 No. 45
MURORAN, JAPAN box 5 No. 50
NAGASAKI, JAPAN box 3 No. 15, 16, 21, 29; box 5 No. 55
NAGOYA, JAPAN box 4 No. 44, 45 ; box 5 no. 54
NAKAJIMA AIRCRAFT ENGINE WORKS box 4 No. 45
NISSAN AUTOMOBILE COMPANY box 2 No. 11
NOJIMASAKI, JAPAN box 5. No. 52
OITA, JAPAN box 4 No. 44
OSAKA, JAPAN box 3 No. 22; box 4 No. 45
OSAKA ARMY ARSENAL box 4 No. 45
PHOTOGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE box 4 No. 34-43
PILOTLESS AIRCRAFT box I Fd. 7
RAILROADS box 4 No. 42
ROADS box 4 No. 42
SHIMIZU, JAPAN box 5 No. 51
SHIPPING box 4 No 38
SHIONOMISAKI, JAPAN box 5 No 52
SHIZUOKA, JAPAN box 4 No 45
SHOWA AIRPLANE COMPANY box 2 No 12
SUMITOMO METAL COMPANY box 4 No 45
TACTICS box 4 No 31
TAKARZUKA, JAPAN box 4 No 45
TOKYO, JAPAN box 3 No 23; box 4 No. 44, 45
UNITED STATES STRATEGIC BOMBING SURVEY box 2,3,4,5
YOKAHOMA, JAPAN box 5 No. 56