Frank Hamilton Nowell was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire on February 19, 1864. He was from a prominent New England family whose ancestor, Peter Nowell, had come to American in the 1600s from the Isle of Jersey. Frank's great grandfather served in the Revolutionary War and his grandfather lived in the Longfellow House in Cambridge for many years. His father, Thomas Shepard Nowell, was the first child christened in the Thomas Shepard Congregational Church (after which he was named) and was held by Oliver Wendell Holmes as he was christened. In 1885, Thomas Nowell went out to Juneau, Alaska to join two of his brothers who were already out there. Thomas started a mining business and his son, Frank Nowell joined him there in 1886. Frank brought six cows and a bull and ran a dairy farm for a year. Eventually he started working for his father. Frank took up photography as a hobby some time before 1894. (One man remembered being photographed by Frank when he first arrived in Alaska and walked off the steamboat at Juneau.) Frank and his wife, Elizabeth Helen Davis, were married in 1894 in Helena, Montana at her brother's home and Frank made photographs while in Montana. They moved to San Francisco where their daughter Dorothy was born and Frank traveled between California and Juneau in his work as a purchasing agent for his father's mining company.
In 1900 there was a large stampede of gold seekers to Nome, Alaska. Because it was located on the Bering Sea and only open to travel part of the year, supplies were hard to get and expensive so the Ames Mercantile Company decided to open a branch of their store in Nome. Nowell went to Nome in about July 1900 to run the Ames Mercantile store then later that year moved to the new town of Teller, Alaska to open a new store for the company. When his wife and daughter joined him in Teller, they brought the camera that he had left behind. By 1902, he began taking photographs of Inuit people and reindeer herds at Cape Prince of Wales along with scenes in the Teller and Nome area. His Inuit photographs became very popular and were eventually used in books and magazines about Alaska. In late 1903 or in 1904, he decided to leave the Mercantile business and become a full-time photographer. He built a tiny studio building in Nome, between the Golden Gate Hotel and the Post Office buildings
At the same time he was opening his photography studio in Nome, he also moved his wife and daughter to Seattle to live. He spent about nine years going back and forth between Nome and Seattle running his photography business. In Seattle, he was a member of the Alaska Club which was a group formed to support Alaskan commercial interests in the city. It was probably through his connections with the Alaska Club and with the Arctic Brotherhood that he was chosen as the official photographer for the AYPE. J.E. Chilberg, a member of the Alaska Club (and the president of the Miners and Merchants Bank in Nome), was elected the president of the AYPE. Nowell had photographed Chilberg's bank and Nome so Chilberg would likely have been acquainted with him from Nome and from the Alaska Club. Nowell's Alaska photographs were also featured in a large beautiful book
Nowell photographed the opening day ceremonies and other pre-exposition activities such as the visiting delegations selecting the sites for their buildings, and the construction work. While the fair was open, he photographed the buildings, events, people, and activities on the grounds. His photographs were used in newspapers and magazines for pre-fair publicity and sold as souvenirs, made into postcards, used in guidebooks, etc. during the fair. He also sold copies of his Eskimo and Alaska photographs at the fair and won several awards for his work. In 1908, he took an extended trip through the Yukon and Alaska both photographing and collecting photographs from other photographers for the AYPE.
Shortly before the fair, he opened a photography studio in Seattle and he ran both the Nome and Seattle studios until about 1912 when he closed the Nome studio. During 1911 and 1912 he partnered with Orville Rognon (who had worked for Webster and Stevens for several years and then photographed for Nowell during the AYPE). In later years, the producers of the 1925 Charlie Chaplin movie,
The 1909 Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition (AYPE) held in Seattle, Washington was the result of nearly 10 million dollars and four years of effort. The AYPE was originally planned for 1907, to mark the 10-year anniversary of the Klondike Gold Rush. However another fair, the Jamestown Exhibition in Norfolk, Virginia, was planned for the same year to mark the 300th anniversary of the Jamestown settlement so the AYPE planners decided to postpone the Seattle fair for two years. This delay proved to be quite fortuitous because 1907 was not a good year for the U. S. economy, and the Jamestown Exhibition was not financially successful. In the meanwhile, AYPE planners benefitted from two additional years of planning and preparation.
The Klondike Gold Rush had made Seattle the dominant city in the Pacific Northwest because it was the major source of supplies to Alaska. The goal of the AYPE was to show off the growth and development of the Pacific Northwest and Alaska, and to display the value of commercial trade with the Pacific Rim. When Japan agreed to participate, the AYPE became a truly international event. The city officials also hoped that the exposition would encourage people to relocate to the growing metropolis of Seattle.
The location for the fair was chosen to demonstrate the beauty of the region. University of Washington history professor and local historian, Edmond Meany proposed site which was on the mostly forested grounds of the University of Washington, situated on Lake Washington, with Mount Rainier visible in the distance. John and Frederick Olmsted, son and stepson of Frederick Law Olmsted, the prominent landscape architect, designed much of the AYPE grounds. The first $650,000 for the AYPE was raised in one day by proud Seattle citizens who bought "shares" of the exposition. Much of the rest was funded by the sale of public lands, by the Washington State legislature with the understanding that some of the buildings built for the exposition would become part of the University of Washington at the end of the AYPE, and by the U. S. Government which provided $600,000 in appropriated funds for buildings and exhibits.
Thanks to the extra two years of planning and the huge sums of money raised, the AYPE grounds and exposition were everything the planners had hoped for. It was a fascinating mix of highbrow and crass commercialism, but it clearly appealed to the visitors. Over 80,000 people attended the AYPE on opening day in June 1909, and by closing day (October 16, 1909) 3.7 million people had paid to visit Paystreak amusement attractions such as the Igorrote, Eskimo and Oriental Villages, marveled at the Baby Incubator, saw the House Upside Down and rode on the Fairly Gorge Tickler. On the formal grounds they visited the US. Government buildings, attended concerts and lectures, and enjoyed the exhibits in the various buildings. They had seen animals built out of fruits and nuts in the California Building, a post office dogsled team in the Government Building, photographs by Edward Curtis in the Fine Arts Building, and mounds of rocks in the Mines Building. They attended sports events and watched a hot air balloon and a dirigible soar over them. The AYPE was a huge success. Seattle officials were pleased to note that the AYPE had drawn 700,000 people more than the 1905 Lewis and Clark Exposition had attracted in the rival city of Portland, Oregon. The fair closed with a surplus of $63,000 which was donated to the Seaman' Institute and the Anti-Tuberculosis League.
The collection is arranged into 7 series:
Additional photographs added in 2026 continue the numbering scheme of the existing collection. These additions are numbered sequentially beginning with item 898 and are interfiled in existing series by subject.
The collection consists of photographs of the Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition in Seattle, Washington. Images include events prior to the exposition (groundbreaking, Stockholder's Day, pre-fair visitors to the grounds, official artifacts, and the opening ceremony), construction, grounds and gardens, buildings and exhibits, the Paystreak with all of its attractions, the different areas of the South Grounds (including the stock exhibit, rustic bridge and railway exhibit), AYPE special events (such as the transcontinental auto race, Smith Day and the visit of President William Taft), and AYPE officials, visiting groups and delegations.
Research for this finding aid was conducted over a period of several years, combining the efforts of different researchers. Methods used were reviewing microfilm, books, journals and pamphlets, internet/database searching, and interviewing people with special, in-depth knowledge of the AYPE. Photocopies from Seattle's Museum of History & Industry's collection of Frank Nowell AYPE photographs were included in the finding aid for reference purposes. (The photocopy for M85 has been removed and replaced with an original print found in the collection later.) There are some photographs in the Frank Nowell AYPE collection that may possibly be the work of members of his staff. In particular, photographs that have numbers beginning with "R" are most likely attributed to a collaboration between Nowell and photographer Orville Rognon. The aerial view of the exposition was probably taken by Robert T. Jones who marketed his photograph through Nowell. Whenever authorship is questionable, this is noted in the finding aid.
This finding aid uses the title Manufactures Building for the name of the building. Both Manufactures and Manufacturers Building were used as the name of the building in various places
The collection is open to the public.
Restrictions may exist on reproduction, quotation, or publication. Contact Special Collections, University of Washington Libraries for details.
The photographs in this collection were donated to the collection by a number of different people over a long period of time. Some of the donors include: Mabel Chilberg, (wife of AYPE President J.E. Chilberg), the C. Bagley Estate, Mrs. Francis Behrle, Gilbert Petty, Professor Edmond Meany. Several photographs were obtained through purchase.
Processed by Solveig Ekenes and Laurel G. Evans, 2006; Katie Maynard and Amy Lavare, 2007; Roni Greenwood and Nicolette Bromberg, 2008. The photographs were transferred from the University of Washington Campus AYPE subject file in 2006, and the Portrait collection PH Coll 563 in 2007. 13 photographs were added to the collection from accession D-2026032604 in 2026.
1 negative ; 8x10
On June 1, 1907, the groundbreaking ceremony took place in the Natural Amphitheater. The event was preceded by a large military parade and attended by a crowd of 15,000 which included mayors, governors, and other prominent people. President Chilberg turned the first spade of earth.
Also on stage are AYPE President Chilberg, AYPE Director General Ira Nadeau, and Alaska Governor Wilford Hoggatt.
A publicity booth probably set up prior to the fair inside one of the Seattle waterfront dock buildings, such as the Colman Docks.
Tent-like "Official Information Bureau " booth in downtown Seattle with several men and women out front. The advertisement for "Rooms" indicates this booth was operating during the fair, but it was possibly first set up for publicity prior to the fair's opening.
Photograph probably by Frank Nowell.
The University of Washington 1908 commencement ceremony was held on July 14th in the Manufacturers Building.
On September 19, 1908, AYPE officials invited stockholders to tour the grounds, and gave speeches assuring them that exposition preparations were going well, and the fair would open on time. Only President J.E. Chilberg and University of Washington Professor Edmond Meany gave speeches at this event, while Director General Ira Nadeau served as Master of Ceremonies. Stockholders' Day marked the last day that the pre-fair AYPE grounds were open to the public free of charge. Beginning the following day, September 20, 1908, a small admission fee of ten cents was charged to visitors touring the grounds.
Members of the public were encouraged to tour the grounds prior to 1909 to watch the construction and development.
Some delegates are adorned with ribbons reading "Sacramento Valley--The Land of Opportunity." Included in the picture are Ira Nadeau, Director General ; A. W. Lewis, Director of Concessions ; Henry Dosch, Director of Exhibits ; A.L. Lewis Frank Merrick, Chief of Publicity; Godfrey Chealander, Board of Directors.
Front row, left to right: Ira Nadeau, Director General of the AYPE; George B. McClellan of the Honolulu Commercial Club; H.A. Wheeler, Chicago Association of Commerce; Clark McKercher, United States Department of Justice. Second row, left to right: Frank L. Merrick, Chief of Publicity Department; C.W. Mott, Immigration Agent from the Northern Pacific; Henry Dosch, Director of Exhibits; Louis Baeder, Assistant Director of Works for the AYPE.
Caption on back of photo identifies this as "School Children's Day 3/27/09", but based on the photo number, the event more likely took place around May of 1908.
The Cortelyou Club was a leading social organization out of the Flatbush section of the Borough of Brooklyn (New York). "Wholesome and family oriented," the club's female members were known for their lavish musicals and dramatic productions.
Identified: AYPE Director General Ida Nadeau, Idaho Governor Brady and AYPE President J.A. Chilberg.
During the fair, Brady would give a speech inviting "the landless man to come to the manless land" of Idaho.
These representatives of Japan appear to have been present at the AYPE from its beginning to the end, hosting other visiting Japanese delegations and participating in numerous diplomatic and ceremonial occasions.
Left to right: W.H. Wehrung (President of Oregon Commission), M.D. Wisdom (Secretary of the Oregon Commission), E.W. Rowe (Oregon Commission), Henry E. Reed (Special Commissioner for the AYPE to Oregon) and Frank L. Merrick (AYPE Chief of Publicity).
Henry E. Reed, (AYPE Commissioner to Oregon), E.W. Rowe (Oregon Commissioner), W.H. Wehrung (President of the Oregon Committee), George Chamberlain (Governor of Oregon), Ira Nadeau (AYPE Director General), Frank L. Merrick (Publicity Director), Henry Dosch (Director of Exhibits), and Godfrey Chealander (AYPE Board Member).
Henry E. Reed, (AYPE Commissioner to Oregon), E.W. Rowe (Oregon Commissioner), W.H. Wehrung (President of the Oregon Committee), George Chamberlain (Governor of Oregon), Ira Nadeau (AYPE Director General), Frank L. Merrick (Publicity Director), Henry Dosch (Director of Exhibits), and Godfrey Chealander (AYPE Board Member).
Identified: AYPE President J. E. Chilberg, Director General Ira Nadeau, and Director of Exhibits Henry Dosch. This is probably a group of Portland area businessmen.
These newspaper men and women visited the AYPE grounds at the invitation of Director of Exploitation James Woods and Chief of Publicity Welford Beaton. They were treated to a tour, lunch at the "AYP" Restaurant (probably the Washington restaurant), and were photographed at the Auditorium.
Among those present were reporters from the
This is probably a photo of the Seattle area newsmen that toured the grounds and had lunch at the "AYP" restaurant in the spring of 1909. The photo probably was taken inside the Washington Restaurant in its original location in front of the Manufactures Building.
Director General Ira Nadeau with Committee members Lauchlin MacLeain, Charles Hebberd, L.P. Hornberger of the State Commission, and Julius Zittel.
The date in the caption for (x81) is August 25, 1908, but it portrays the same group of people and scaffolding as in photo (x80), dated May 25, 1908. Based on the photo number and the Manufactures Building stage of completion, May 1908 is probably the correct date.
"T.P.A." stood for the Trans-Continental Passenger Agents Association, a group which formed in 1900 and represented travel agents for the different railroads. They were visiting the grounds for their annual convention.
The United Commercial Travelers Association is a fraternal benefit society that still exists today. They were guests of the Publicity Department.
Man in center is probably Utah Governor William Spry.
From left to right: W.A. Ritz, C.H. O'Neal, H.B. Wight, Director General Ira Nadeau. They are probably standing on the unfinished steps of the Agriculture Building.
This group of business men and women from Canada came to the fair prior to opening to study '"fair methods" for an upcoming Canadian fair. Among the group is Henry Dosch, Director of Exhibits; AYPE President J.E. Chilberg; and Director General Ira Nadeau .
The AYPE offered $500 in prize money to the contributor of the best idea for its official emblem. Miss Adelaide Hanscom, a well-known Seattle artist, was the winner, creating a seal that represented the convergence of the interests and wealth of the Pacific Northwest, Alaska and the Orient. The figure on the right represented the Pacific Northwest, holding in her hand a train symbolizing commerce by land. The figure on the left represented Japan and commerce by sea. In the center, with a background of the Northern Lights, is a figure representing Alaska, bearing a double-handful of gold nuggets and signifying the wealth of the north.
This rendition of the Official emblem was used on the cover of the Alaska-Yukon-Pacific-Expedition Official Guide.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
The date and location of this event are unknown, but based on the photo number, it probably took place in the spring of 1909 prior to the fair's opening.
The woman on the left represents the commerce and trade of the Pacific Rim, the woman on the right stands for the progress of the Pacific Northwest, and the woman standing at center represents the wealth and abundance of Alaska. All three reach out towards each other bearing their gifts.
This is probably a posed studio shot taken at another time and location. The number of the photo suggests that this event possibly took place in the spring of 1909 prior to the fair's opening.
The flag was designed by Mrs. Henry Reed, who also designed the official flag for the Portland Fair. "On a field of blue are five stars which stand for the United States, Russia, France, England and Spain- the five countries which first exploited the territory included in the scope of the Exposition. The red, white and blue scheme is emblematic of the United States flag and the circular design is taken from the flag of Japan."
Written by Frederick Neil Innes, AYPE Music Director.
80,000 people were present for the opening day festivities which involved a military parade, speeches and ceremonies in the Natural Amphitheater. At precisely 12:30 on June 1, 1909, AYPE President J.E. Chilberg pressed a key to notify President Taft that the fair was ready to open. In Washington, D. C., Taft responded by pressing a golden key to officially open the Exposition, at which time a gong resounded in the Amphitheater, a giant flag was unfurled by Civil war veteran and Washington pioneer John H. Leiter, and a shower of confetti and tiny flags were released. Simultaneously, ships in the harbor blasted their horns, machinery began to operate, and the doors of large AYPE buildings swung open as if "automatically operated."
Photo taken in front of the U.S. Government building where the festivities are began with a grand military parade. Navy VIP's standing in front of the Alaska Monument include Admiral Ijichi, Commander of the visiting squadron of Japanese warships, the
The man on the far left is Civil War veteran and Washington State pioneer John H. Leiter of Port Orchard, WA. He was selected for the honor of unfurling the flag at the Opening Day Festivities. The man to Leider's immediate right is AYPE Director General, Ira Nadeau. Chilberg is at far right, turned sideways. The two men with their backs turned are probably sending or receiving the telegraphs to or from President Taft.
The Olmsted Brothers of Brookline, Massachusetts designed the grounds and landscaping plans for the AYPE, with the help of their Seattle field representative and site director, James Frederick Dawson. The Olmsteds had previously worked in Washington in 1904, designing a Seattle area parks plan, and a campus plan for the University of Washington (a plan which, due to bad weather that obscured Mt. Rainier from view, notably failed to take advantage of the campus' natural scenic possibilities.)
The AYPE grounds were developed along the major axis of Rainier Vista looking towards Mt. Rainier, and were comprised of grand architecture, formal gardens, courts, fountains and pools in the main grounds, fanning out into more natural, open areas further to the south.
Photo taken from the dome of the U.S. Government Building. Photo (x1040A) was taken during the AYPE. Photo (x1040B) was printed some years later.
Caption on (x1040B) reads: "This is a composite of two different views, one of Mt. Rainier used to make the Mt. seem clear." Mt. Rainier is present in both photos.
Frank Nowell has the copyright to this photograph, but it was probably taken by Richard T. Jones. See note attached to following photograph.
This photograph was actually taken by Richard T. Jones from the captive balloon. He explained later that this is a composite photo in which he "cut out the top dreary clouds and printed in some leafy clouds." Working with Nowell, Jones made and sold hundreds of prints "on a percentage basis at one dollar each." This is a print similar to photograph (x4000), with some slight alterations that may have been added later.
The grading of the grounds began August, 1907. Muddy conditions and extremely hard subsoil posed difficulties that at times necessitated the use of wood planking and blasting. This difficult work was carried out by contract and day labor, and by the summer of 1908, final grading of the principal areas had cleared the way for the first plantings to begin.
This shop was located, at least initially, near the Manufactures Building.
The photo is of the statue standing in a work shed, possibly the Plasterer's work Shop on the grounds
This was most likely created by New York sculptor Finn H. Frolich. It is unknown whether it was actually used anywhere on the grounds, as it does not appear in any photos in this collection or in any descriptions of the commissioned work done by Frolich. Verso reads: "Statuary will be used extensively in decorating the grounds."
Written on verso: Where the formal gardens will come up to the buildings and a million plants are in hot houses, awaiting trans-planting during February and March.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Photo probably taken from the U.S. Government Building.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Also known as the Cascade Court, this was the area above Geyser Basin fronted by the five exhibition palaces: the European, Alaska, U.S. Government, Hawaii and Oriental Buildings. All of these were designed by architect Galen Howard.
This monument stood at the top of the Cascades. It consisted of a 70 foot tall shaft resting on a 20 ft pedestal encircled with swastika imagery which, in Buddhism, represents the Dharma: universal harmony and the balance of opposites. The column was crowned by a large globe engraved with zodiac signs, and bearing the weight of a giant sculpted American Eagle.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
The Cascades were the principle water feature on the grounds; 14,000 gallons of water flowed over the Cascades every minute. Construction of the Cascades was completed by December 1908.
This statue, designed by E. F. Champney, and modeled by Finn Frolich, represented the four "chief races that originally surrounded the Pacific Ocean". It included two sets of Japanese, Chinese, Eskimo and Pacific Islander figures supporting a globe bearing the winged sculpture "Spirit of the Pacific".
Photograph probably by Frank Nowell.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Photograph possibly by Frank Nowell.
Photograph probably by Frank Nowell. It is a modern print, however, and appears to be cropped.
The original oversize photograph is missing.
Geyser basin dominated the Arctic Circle. The basin was 260 feet in diameter and 8 feet deep, with a central water jet. Along its sides were slopes adorned with thousands Pansies, Canterbury Bells and Gladiolas.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
The main gate was at East 40th Street and 15th Avenue. Upon entering, visitors were regaled with a brilliant floral display of 12,000 salmon-colored geranium on both sides.
AYPE gatemen received extensive training prior to manning their posts. They were "tested with bad coins...spurious and real money were mixed and handed to the turnstile men" to help them discern the difference. Discrepancies between admissions and fees taken in at the gate were taken out of the gatemen's salaries.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
The south entrance featured a Japanese style Torii gate built upon large totem poles. This unique "Japanese-Alaskan" look was an architectural motif appearing throughout the AYPE grounds.
Presented by the Washington Sons of the American Revolution, the AYPE flagpole was supposedly the longest timber staff in the world and required a special train containing five flat cars to transport it from Buckley, Washington, where it was cut down by the Page Lumber Company in March, 1909. The flagpole was set into concrete in Dome Circle on the grounds, and was intended to be permanent. Once erected, it stood at over 200 feet tall.
The Yakima County Building is being framed in the background.
The California and Yakima County Buildings are being constructed in the background.
These gardens, also known as the Sunken Gardens, were located on Rainier Vista below the Arctic Circle. Planted in rectangular beds carved out by well-groomed paths and hedges, flowers were carefully chosen to bloom successively, and came in shades of red, white, blue, yellow, and pink. Roses, Peonies and Phlox were among the 50,000 featured plants.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
These are copies of photographs from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
These are copies of photographs from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Statue created by Lorado Taft and funded through the efforts of the Rainier Chapter of the D.A.R and University of Washington Professor Edmond Meany. School children from across Washington state contributed to the funds by donating pennies.
The young girl pulling the cord at the unveiling is Eleanor Washington Caldwell, a direct descendant of George Washington.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
The urns were designed by E. F. Champney, designer of most of the architectural features in the AYPE grounds as part of his role of chief designer for the architectural firm of Howard and Galloway. The urns were done in a French treatment, and were either plain or decorated with the AYPE emblem. They were made of fine ivory staff that imitated marble.
Part of the Olmsted design for the grounds was to carefully preserve and feature many of the already existing natural elements such as "medium sized fir trees and the beautiful undergrowth and ground cover" of the Pacific Northwest. Extreme examples of this are seen in photos such as this and in the YMCA Building shots, where the structures were built around trees.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This photo was probably taken either pre-fair or very early after its opening. The Amphitheater was located where the present day University of Washington's Padelford Hall now stands. Its capacity was 20,000 people, but it was able to hold as many as 25,000 on Taft Day when President Taft gave a speech about the future of Alaska.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
William H. Seward (1801-1872) was a U.S. Secretary of State under President Lincoln from New York who negotiated the purchase of Alaska. This statue in honor of him was sculpted by Richard E. Brooks, and can now be seen in Volunteer Park, Seattle, WA. The purchase of Alaska, initially regarded as "Seward's Folly", was highly appreciated by the time of the AYPE. According to AYPE literature, by 1909 the purchase of Alaska from Russia for 7.2 million dollars had been amply recompensated for by Alaska's production of $105,000,000 in gold.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
William H. Seward is probably the man on stage giving a speech. Also identified: Director General Ira Nadeau and Harriet May Baxter.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Man in center looking at the camera is Secretary Seward's son, General William H. Seward. Also present in this photo: Senator Benjamin Wilcox from New York, AYPE Director General Ira Nadeau, President J.A. Chilberg, University of Washington Professor Edmond Meany, young Harriet May Baxter (the granddaughter of Ex-Governor John H. McGraw of Washington who officially unveiled the statue), the Reverend Mark Matthews, Judge Thomas Burke of Seattle, William H. Seward Jr. (the grandson of the late Secretary Seward), and Seattle Mayor John F. Miller, who gave an address at the Seward unveiling celebration.
John Galen Howard of San Francisco, well-known for his building designs at the University of California, Berkeley campus, was the chief architect for the AYPE. Howard chose a French Renaissance style for the U.S. Government funded buildings on the Court of Honor. Individual organizations funding their own buildings were free to choose their own styles, which ranged from Roman Classic (the Oregon Building), Stick Style (Hoo-Hoo House), Spanish Mission (California Building), and just plain "Original".
The official ground breaking began on June 1, 1907, and by the spring of 1908 the first major building, the Manufactures Building, was near completion, with the Emergency Hospital close behind. By January 1, 1909 most of the fair buildings were almost done. The Federal Government complex buildings were among the last to be finished: the European, Alaska, Hawaii, Oriental and U.S. Government Buildings.
The Administrative offices were completed early in the AYPE construction process, finished by at least November 1908, and AYPE officials moved their offices into it from their previous quarters in Seattle's Arcade Building.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Nancy Columbia was a Labrador Inuit traveling with the Eskimo Exhibit. Born in 1893 at the Chicago World's Fair, she was age 16 at the time of the AYPE and was voted "Queen of the Paystreak" and the "Most Beautiful Girl at the Exposition". After the AYPE, Nancy wrote and starred in the first Hollywood film to have a credited Inuit cast.
Built as a stylistic companion to the Manufactures Building across the Court of Honor, the Agriculture Building was of French Renaissance design, with a circular pergola columnade and Ionic columns. Begun in the spring of 1908, it was completed by fall of the same year.
Photograph probably taken by Frank Nowell.
Written on verso: 2. Official Design.
Caption on verso: End of Agricultural Building showing Geyser Basin and fir trees
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
The Agriculture Building featured 60,000 square feet of exhibit space for displaying Washington State's fruits, vegetables, and natural products. It included educational exhibits from schools and universities, daily demonstrations of food products, women's handiwork, and display areas for counties that did not have their own buildings.
The Kitsap County Game exhibit won a gold medal in food products.
Photograph probably by Frank Nowell.
Photograph possibly by Frank Nowell. The photo has been altered for printing. The printing on some signs has been darkened, and possibly Nowell's signature logo has been brushed out.
This display was probably in the Agriculture Building with other bottling and brewing exhibits. Zarembo was a popular and much advertised refreshment during the fair, produced in Seattle. Zarembo concessions were located all over the grounds.
The Alaska Building was sponsored by the U.S. Government, who sent out a special collecting committee to gather artifacts and educational material from all corners of the Territory. The building was a mirror image of the Hawaii Building across the Court of Honor, and featured 36,000 square feet of exhibition space.
This committee, appointed by the U.S. Department of Interior, was given $100,000 in federally appropriated funds to gather items for the Alaska exhibit. The three men, from left to right, are James L. Farmer, "Special Disbursing Agent"; Wilford B. Hoggatt, Territorial Governor of Alaska ; and J.C. McBride, "Commissioner of the Alaska Exhibit". Hoggatt was Alaska's Territorial Governor from 1906-1909.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Exhibits were arranged into seven divisions: agriculture, horticulture/forestry, furs/animals, fisheries, mining, transportation, ethnology, and schools. The mineral division included a reproduction of the Jumbo and Pacific Coast Gypsum Mines, ores and minerals from Alaska prospects, gold dust, nuggets and bricks. The fisheries exhibit featured model canneries, the new "Iron Chink" machinery, and samples of canned salmon. Also on display were Alaskan furs, ethnological crafts and artifacts, and a six- pound baby mastodon jaw " large enough to bite a hole the size of a meat platter." Visible in many of the exhibit photos are 12 feet long watercolor panels of Alaska towns which extended along the upper walls of the building.
The gold Pavilion housed millions of dollars worth of gold encased in a specially guarded cage that would sink nightly into a steel vault below.
This display case held $1,250,000 worth of Alaskan gold, with the top nugget alone valued at 33 hundred dollars.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This was probably an exhibit in the Alaska Building. It is signed by the artist M. H. Craig of Dawson.
The petroleum was from the Katalla oil fields.
Quarried by the Alaska Marble Company of Seattle, WA and manufactured by the Western Marble Company of Tacoma, WA.
The ethnological exhibit took up the largest space in the Alaska Building, and included the extensive collection of Alaska Lieutenant Governor George Emmons.
The Alaskan bird exhibit was primarily furnished by Pullman's State College of Washington Professor W. T. Shaw.
Also visible is an unattended kitchen area for a culinary exhibit in which Chef O.G. Van Horn prepared free salmon luncheons daily. Mr. Van Horn had "enough recipes to carry out this project until the end of the Exposition."
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is probably the collection of Alaskan native crafts and artifacts exhibited by Joseph Standley, proprietor of Seattle's
The League was an association for the social advancement and material welfare of women.
After the exposition, the Women's League Building was used as a "practice cottage" for female students enrolled in home economics classes at the University of Washington.
The Arctic Brotherhood was a fraternal organization of men sharing a common interest in Alaska. Their building was meant to mimic the style of old-time roadhouses in Alaska. It was designed by Eben Sankey and Gustaf Axel Edelsvard, and constructed of large logs held together with wooden pegs. It featured a large assembly room and exhibit floor, as well as reading, smoking and committee rooms decorated with clinker brick, furs and skins. It was dedicated on June 2, 1909- Bering Sea Day. After the fair, the Arctic Brotherhood Building was used temporarily as a natural history museum and fraternity house for Alaskan students.
The dog team was driven by Thomas C. Dutton. Arctic Brotherhood members probably identified in this photo include Godfrey Chealander, Grand Arctic Recorder; Clarence Hannum, Grand Arctic Chief; and Eugene Everette, Grand Arctic Chaplain.
Grand Arctic Recorder Godfrey Chealander is the last Arctic Brotherhood man at right holding log . Also identified are Eugene Everette, Grand Arctic Chaplain, and Clarence Hannum, Grand Arctic Chief.
This building was situated between Memorial Way and 15th Avenue, across from the present day Suzzallo Library on the University of Washington campus. Built to be a permanent structure after the AYPE, it was re-christened
The architects were Howard and Galloway of San Francisco.
3-part panorama.
The contractors were Westlake Corporation of St. Louis, who also built the Fine Arts and Machinery Buildings. Because these three buildings were meant to be permanent structures after the fair, the contractors used heavy-duty construction equipment such as the 90-foot steel derricks seen here that were used to place the roof trusses.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
The
The Baptist Building was the only building on the grounds especially devoted to religious matters. It was situated in the very northeast corner of the AYPE grounds.
The California Building was the largest state structure at the AYPE, and was built in a Spanish Mission style. The construction began in the spring of 1908.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Exhibits were provided from every county in the state, and included minerals, grains, lumber, and fruits and nuts sculpted into the shapes of animals.
California fruit exhibits received the highest awards at the AYPE.
Printed by the Hicks-Judd Company, the book weighed 555 pounds and was seven feet wide when open.
This log was probably located outside of the California Building.
Photograph probably by Frank Nowell.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Photograph probably by Frank Nowell.
The Chehalis County Building interior was finished entirely with native woods from Chehalis County. Exhibits included shingles, women's crafts, and a reception room offering promotional materials. The building was said to feature the finest display of lumber varieties, and the largest sheet of veneer in existence.
AYPE Director General Ira Nadeau is present in photo. University of Washington Denny Hall is visible in the background.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
The Education Building was sponsored by the State of Washington, and contained exhibits from state schools, operated a model school in session daily, and housed a kitchen, carpentry shop and dining area for the Olympia High School Domestic Science demonstrations and catered luncheons.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Identified: Irene Kenney and Edith Fleetwood.
A special dining area was incorporated into the Education Building to feature the skills of the Olympia High School Domestic Science class. Many special luncheons were served for VIP guests in this dining room, and group photographs were often taken at these events.
The servers are Viola Bozarth and Irene Kinney.
This luncheon probably coincided with the National Education Convention which opened on July 13, 1909.
The luncheon was held on Portland Day in the Education Building dining room. Governor Chamberlain is probably the man seated at the back right of the table.
Identified from caption: Haltiman, Lindsley, Smith, Moore, Van Dissel, Hindley, Goodall, Insinger, and Monroe.
The Commission dinner was probably held on or near June 25, 1909, which was Spokane Day at the fair.
Man at table on far left is probably James Woods, Editor of the
Around the table are: W.E. Wilson (Principal State Normal School, Ellensburg, Washington), Leonard P. Ayers (Russell Sage Foundation), P.L. Campbell (University of Oregon), Edwin H. Hughes (Formerly president of De Pauw University), Cyrus Bradley (Host for Washington), A. Ross Hill (University of Missouri), Henry B. Dewey (Superintendent of Public Instruction of Washington), W.J. Kerr (Oregon Agricultural College), Edward O. Sisson (University of Washington).
The Emergency Hospital Building was one of the first AYPE buildings to be constructed. Finished in the spring of 1908, the hospital was staffed and operational during grounds construction. Its first official fair-time patient was treated on June 2, 1909. Overall, 2229 cases were handled during the AYPE, with an average of 10 to 25 patients coming through the door a day.
The man second from the left is probably AYPE Chief of Publicity Frank Merrick. The two other men are possibly Medical Director Dr. E.M. Rininger, and the doctor whose name is on the sign out front, Dr. W.C. Kaninger, Jr. Dr. Rininger was a well-respected Seattle area physician.
The European Building was one of the U.S. Government funded buildings. The inclusion of foreign countries in the AYPE helped motivate the federal government to grant $600,000 for five major buildings and their exhibits. The European Building and its counterpart, the Oriental Building, were often interchangeably referred to as the "Foreign Buildings" in AYPE literature and newspaper articles of the time.
The Cascades are also being constructed in front of these buildings. Photograph probably by Frank Nowell. Photo appears to be part of a panorama scene.
The galleries within contained Old Masters, early English, Barbizon paintings, early American and contemporary painters. The entire third floor was devoted to the Native American photographs of Seattle photographer Edward S. Curtis.
After the AYPE, this building became the "Bagley Wright Theater", then served as the Physiology and Chemistry Hall. Presently, it houses the University of Washington's Department of Architecture
Photograph probably by Frank Nowell.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Chief Harry W. Bringhurst was the AYPE's Fire Chief. He was named Seattle Fire Chief in 1906, and was known for being an advocate of fire prevention and motorized fire vehicles. The AYPE Fire Department responded to such varying calls as small blazes including one in which ladies' gowns were set on fire by alcohol lamps, a near disaster when an out-of-control brush fire crept to within 40 feet of the fireworks magazine, and a serious foundry fire caused by a gas generator which charred its interior.
Two men and one women pose in front of the structure. The man in center is probably Frank Merrick, AYPE Chief of Publicity .
The Forestry Building, described as a "timber temple," was a striking feature of the AYPE grounds and probably one of the largest log houses ever built. It was designed as an architectural response to a similar structure at the 1905 Lewis & Clark Exposition in Portland, but built on a grander scale. The building was 320 feet wide by 144 feet deep and had a front porch constructed of huge log columns. After the fair it served as the University of Washington forestry building. Failing to withstand the test of time and wood-devouring beetles, it was razed in 1930.
The logs used for the building were kept in their natural, barked state. There were 124 vertical logs in front, each over 40 feet tall, at least 54 inches in diameter, and weighing between 20 and 30 tons. More than 1,300 logs were used for the entire building.
Oregon Building in the foreground and Lake Washington in the background.
One view of exterior (x1012) located in PH Coll 777 AYPE Postcard Collection.
A workman poses at the base of the timber column. Wood shavings on the floor indicate that interior construction is not quite finished.
This hollow cedar tree stump was removed after the AYPE and used as a bandstand and playhouse in Tacoma's Wright Park until the 1930's.
View includes a giant set of carved dice, display of cedar shingles, part of the Mountaineers' display, and a sign on the balcony for the State Board of Health exhibit.
View includes a set of giant wooden dice, signs for the Washington State Forestry and Washington State History exhibits, and starfish in nets.
Children are playing on both sets of stairs.
Exhibits of forestry, fisheries, and historical interest were housed on the main floor and in the balcony areas
These are probably part of the Washington State History Exhibit, which included early relics from the territory and state provided by the Historical Society.
This was probably a part of the Washington State History Exhibit. The safe could be a survivor of the Great Seattle Fire of 1889. The exterior is damaged and appears bubbled
The hatchery was part of the Fisheries Exhibit in the Forestry Building, distinct from the exhibit of live fish in the U.S. Government Fisheries Building.
This exhibit was located upstairs in the Forestry Building close to the State Health Board exhibit. Both organizations had an interest in the prevention, treatment and eradication of Tuberculosis. The International Typographical Union operated a sanatorium in Colorado Springs, and considered itself in the forefront of the battle against tuberculosis. International symbols for Tuberculosis are prominently posted on the walls. The AYPE Board Members themselves were concerned with funding for Tuberculosis research, and donated some of the fair's proceeds for this purpose.
AYPE literature explains that this display was part of the Fisheries Exhibit in the Forestry Building, located at its southern end. This Fisheries Exhibit is not to be confused with the U.S. Government sponsored exhibit in the Fisheries Building annex of the U.S. Government Building.
There were two similar exhibits of long timber at the Forestry Building, which were sometimes referred to interchangeably as the "Big Stick". The officially recognized "Big Stick" was displayed on the back porch of the Forestry Building, and was "one immense piece of milled timber 156 1/2 feet in length, and one of the things showing the wonderful timber growths of the Pacific Northwest. " This log was raised up on pillars, and viewed from below. On the grounds behind the building there was another log- 87 feet long- on which visitors would pose for photos.
The Big Stick originated in Ostrander, Cowlitz County, Washington, and was shipped to Seattle by the Castle Rock Lumber and Logging Company in May of 1909.
Writing on the end of this large beam reads: "Tyee Logging Co. of Skagit County, Washington". Pictures of children sitting on this beam often misidentify it as the "Big Stick".
The occasion for this photo is probably the National Lumber Manufacturers' Convention, which ran for a week, beginning at the end of June and culminating in Lumbermen's Day, July 3, 1909. Present in the photo are Robert Alexander Long, a well-known figure in early logging history and founder of the Long-Bell Lumber Company, and Frederick Weyerhauser.
The Formosa Tea House served tea and rice cakes, and distributed samples of fragrant herbs for tea. Advertising for the fair enticed visitors with a "cup of delicious Oolong tea" and informed fairgoers that "tea is served daily by dainty Japanese maidens."
The Foundry operated in conjunction with the adjacent Machinery Building.
Exhibits by E.P. Jamison & Co, Wilkeson Coal & Coke Co., Cedar Mountain Coal & Coke Co., Denny Renton Clay & Coal Co., Robert Dollar Co., and Han Yang Chinese Pig Iron.
The Good Roads Building was erected by the State of Washington to promote better highways for travel and commerce. Exhibits included road building materials and processes, and were managed by the Washington State Good Roads Association, a group formed in 1899 to promote improved roadways in Washington State. The building was retained after the AYPE and used for various purposes until it was destroyed by fire in 1961.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Man is possibly AYPE official William Moore.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This photo was probably taken during the Good Roads Convention on July 4.
The Grand Trunk Railway Company had a neo-classic style building located near the Canada Building, left of Rainier Vista. Its exhibits included railroad history, resources and opportunities.
The Hawaii Building was funded by the U. S. government, and mirrored the Alaska Building standing across the Court of Honor. Exhibits included pineapple and other exotic fruits, sugar cane, Hawaiian woods, and music. All of these things proved novel and popular with fairgoers. The Government Biograph in the southern end of the building offered lectures and moving pictures about government agencies and activities. Also displayed were models of the Hawaii's rice industry, and an impressive "Sugar Palace" made of native brown sugar in the shape of the government palace of Hawaii's native kings.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
August 25, 1909 was both Hawaii Day and Governor's Day at the AYPE. According to an article from the
The women in this photo are probably the Hawaiian Building hostesses: Lorna Inaukea, Wattie Holt, Madu Woods, Irene Boyd, Pauline Evans, Keala Kai and Miriam Mundon. This photo probably also includes some of the musicians that performed constantly in the building. Hawaiian bands at the AYPE were among the first to expose mainland USA to Hawaiian music.
Designed by Ellsworth Storey, architect of mid-nineteenth century "Stick Style" fame, the Hoo-Hoo House featured exposed beams and woodwork made from Washington Fir and Spruce, half- timbered and stucco walls, and rustic craftsmen furniture. It was one of the first popular examples of the Bungalow Style. After the fair, this building served as the UW Faculty Club until it was torn down in 1959. A new facility for the Club built on the same site incorporates some of the original fir from the Hoo-Hoo House into a wall in its lounge.
The International Concatenated Order of the Hoo-Hoos was (and remains today) a lumbermen's fraternity first organized in 1892 in Arkansas, its purpose being to support the " health, happiness and long life" of its members. Terminology and titles used by the Hoo-Hoos were whimsical, some of them taken from the writings of Lewis Carroll. The official emblem was the black cat, possibly because of the "cat" in "concatenation", or the fact that cat's have "9 lives" since nine was an important number to group members. Meetings were always held on the 9th day of the 9th month, thus Hoo-Hoo Day at the fair, September 9, 1909 (9-9-09), was especially significant.
The ground was broken by Charles E. Patton, a lumber man and politician from Pennsylvania.
Hoo-Hoo secretary Sawyer was reportedly plagued by young vandals stealing the glowing green bulbs out of the black cats' eyes. There were four stretching black cat figures guarding the building- two at the front entrance, and two on the principal roof gable.
This photo is missing.
Hoo-Hoo Secretary B.W. Sawyer is possibly present in photo.
The fireplace was a product of the Denny-Renton Clay and Coal Company.
An 8x10 negative of this photograph exists in Box XNC1.
Built in a Spanish Mission style, the Idaho State Building was situated on Dome Circle.
Parrington Hall is visible in the background
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Many newspapers sponsored contests that sent winning contestants as a group to the AYPE. In this photo, the Idaho contest winners are seated outside of the Idaho Building.
The building was of traditional Japanese architecture, painted red, and situated in a grove of fir trees. Japan Building exhibits represented Japanese culture, history, commerce and resources, and included one of the largest collections of art ever brought from Japan. The building and its diplomatic functions were overseen by Imperial Commissioner General Hajime Ota, who appears to have been present on the grounds for most, if not all, of the fair.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Included in photo: Japanese Commissioner Hajime Ota, Japanese Vice-consul K. Hayashi, AYPE Director General Ira Nadeau, Judge Thomas Burke, AYPE Director of Ceremonies L.W. Buckley, and AYPE President J.E. Chilberg.
Identified in photo: AYPE President J.E. Chilberg, Japanese Imperial Commissioner Hajime Ota, AYPE Director General Ira Nadeau, Japanese Vice-Consul K. Hayashi, Commissioner and Director of Japanese Exhibits T. Takesawa, and AYPE Director of Ceremonies L.W. Buckley
Similar to photo (x2912). The Japanese official delivering a speech is possibly Commissioner T. Takesawa.
Exhibits included raw silk, Japanese artwork, Samurai weapons, cultured pearls "grown like vegetables", models of "the Mikado's armed cruisers", and award- winning soy sauces and other condiments.
The King County Building was sponsored by the State of Washington. The main exhibit hall was devoted to a display of the county's agricultural and manufactured products, as well as mines, fisheries, and urban projects. One of the building's highlights was its replica of the Newcastle Mines, in which visitors were sunk into the "mine" via a caged elevator. Another feature was the Denny Regrade illusion, which demonstrated the ongoing construction project by allowing visitors to watch Denny Hill "disappear".
The Machinery Building, constructed by the Westlake Corporation of St. Louis, was built using heavy construction machinery and solid bricks. It was intended to be a permanent structure on the grounds after the fair. The building was finished in the spring of 1909. After the AYPE, it served temporarily as the University of Washington's Engineering Hall.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Machinery on display was required to be functional, practical, and relative to the "Western lifestyle". Two features of the building were the timber and stone testing plants, the timber plant testing wood to the breaking point, and the stone plant demonstrating the crushing point of construction stones. A model foundry operated behind the Machinery Building.
Included among the exhibitors are Clark Brothers of New York (manufacturers of band saws and mill machinery), Caldwell Brothers of Seattle (machinery), John A. Roebling of New Jersey (wire ropes and cables), and Willamette Iron and Steel Works of Portland, Oregon.
Similar view as photo (x2046) but taken from further away.
The Manufactures Building, constructed by Strehlow, Freeze and Peterson, was the first large building to be completed on the AYPE grounds. It was finished by May 1908. The building's dimensions were 440 ft by 145 ft, with a floor space that could accommodate 10,000 dancing couples.
Built as a near mirror-image of the corresponding Agriculture Building, the Manufactures Building offered displays of the state's finest products, with special emphasis given to the manufacturing process, itself. In addition to display booths, building exhibitors also provided daily demonstrations and lectures.
The architects were Somerville and Cote.
Photograph possibly by Frank Nowell although the number does not match his numbering system. The photo may have been taken by one of his assistants.
Photograph possibly by Frank Nowell although the number does not match his numbering system. The photo was possibly taken by one of his assistants.
The plasterers stand in front of their workshop with decorative plaster pieces on the ground before them awaiting placement .
Photograph possibly by Frank Nowell although the number does not match his numbering system. The photo was possibly taken by one of his assistants.
The building is far along in the construction process here, with roof trusses up, and interior mostly finished.
The Washington Restaurant, in an early incarnation, stands in front of the Manufacturers Building.
View similar to photo (x122), but the grounds are further along in development.
Oriental Building at left is still being framed.
Oriental Building at far left is almost finished.
Similar view as in photo (x183), but showing improvement in landscaping.
Same view as photo (x119) but from further away. Progress has been made on the landscaping.
Written on verso: Looking across Geyser Basin at Horticultural Hall. Photographed November 12, 1908.
There was no Horticultural Hall at the AYPE, this building became the Manufactures Building. Construction is nearly completed in this photograph, with work on the landscaping still under way.
Similar view as in photo (x188), but with more progress achieved in the landscaping.
Areas are fenced off for landscaping near the Manufactures Buildings with signs reading "Keep off this Area"
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Exhibits covered such areas as textiles, heating, lighting, ventilation apparatus, metal and wood work, clothing, tools, and clever practical inventions such as the "Snore Silencer". The Singer Sewing Machine booth was said to be quite popular, and there was also an exhibit of the works of Swedish scientist and theologian, Emanuel Swedenborg.
Also visible in photo are large standing clock, Otis Elevators, and the E.C. Atkins Company- manufacturers of high grade saws for all purposes
This group maintained a strong moral presence during the fair by involving themselves in the Igorrote clothing controversy, and suggesting the Paystreak was not a suitable place for unescorted young ladies to travel. They held a Prohibition Parade during the fair, and appointed a "purity worker", Miss Mary Brown, to protect female fairgoers from "mashers".
The Autopiano, manufactured in New York, won the Grand Prize in the piano division at the AYPE. The winning Autopiano was probably located in Eiler's Music House in the Manufactures Building. Player pianos, although not entirely new, were still a sensation in 1909, and Eiler's offered informal recitals showing them off to fairgoers. The piano in this photo might not be the exact instrument that won the Grand Prize, but it is the right type. This piano actually appears to be standing in the California Building, based on matching bunting and light fixtures.
The Masonic presence at the AYPE appears to have been low key, with their only group gathering occurring during the annual conclave scheduled for August 25, 1909.
This was situated on Boundary Road, in back of the Forestry Building. It was erected by the members of the Michigan Society, former Michigan residents who had relocated to Washington State.
The building now serves as the office of the University of Washington Physical Plant.
This photo was possibly taken on Michigan Day, August 31, 1909 on the AYPE calendar. The date given here of June 22 is taken from notes on the back of the photo.
Mine rescue work was demonstrated in this building by the U.S. Geological Survey Department. In the demonstration, a chamber would be filled with noxious gasses, and rescuers would utilize a newly developed respirator called the Draeger Apparatus to safely enter the area. Two of the devices used at the AYPE were actually called into action on October 3, 1909, when an explosion occurred in a Roslyn, Washington coal mine.
Exhibits included samples of ores, coal, and mineral productions, and machinery used for their scientific reduction.
The Music Pavilion was situated on Rainier Vista, below the Formal Gardens, and was also referred to as the Temple of Music. It offered daily concerts by famous bands and orchestras. The University of Washington's outdoor Sylvan Theater now occupies the former site of the Music Pavilion.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
The New York Building was a replica of the home of William H. Seward, Abraham Lincoln's Secretary of State from 1861-1869, who was responsible for the purchase of Alaska. A statue of William H. Seward was installed outside the New York building on September 10, 1909. The original Seward home was in Auburn, New York. The exhibits dealt with state departments such as education, prisons, "lunacy", and labor. There were also special exhibits of the barge canal, good roads department, and shipping terminals of New York City.
After the AYPE, the building was used as the residence for University of Washington presidents through the tenure of Henry Suzzallo. In 1927, the building was remodeled to serve as the University Music Building. It was razed in February 1952, and the site is presently occupied by the University of Washington's Music Building.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
The photo appears to have been taken from an upper corner of the neighboring California Building.
Designated by the AYPE Commission to be the official hosting site for visiting delegations, many photos of special banquets were taken in the New York Building.
This was probably the California Luncheon held on June 15, 1909 hosted by AYPE officials for the visiting California Delegation. Individuals possibly identified are Louis Buckley, Director of Special Events (far left, back turned to camera) and Godfrey Chealander (center table, in chair at right).
This was probably the June 16, 1909 dinner given by the Seattle Chamber of Commerce and AYPE Officials for the California Promotion Committee. Individuals possibly identified are Louis Buckley, Director of Special Events and Godfrey Chealander.
Identified in the photo: Mrs. J.A. Felcher, Mrs. J.C. McBride of the Alaska Building, Mrs. Allen (Spokane Hostess for the State of Washington Women's Club), Mrs. Frank Wiggins of Los Angeles, AYPE President J. E. Chilberg, and Director General Ira Nadeau.
If not a California Luncheon (the photo's number suggests it may be from a different occasion), then this was possibly a luncheon for the AYPE hostesses. August 6, 1909 was National Hostess Association Day, and the caption mentions several hostesses being present.
AYPE Director General Ira Nadeau is present at the table.
This was probably the buffet luncheon given by the International and National Society of Women's Clubs at the New York Building in which there were 700 guests present. The ladies seen here are dining on the back patio.
A luncheon was given in the New York Building by the Railway Men's Association on July 3, 1909, Railway Men's Day with 50 guests present.
The Nikko Café occupied a triangular site between the Oregon State and the Manufactures Buildings, Although managed by "veteran Japanese Exposition people", the menu was American.
Photo shows a traditional Japanese structure with waiters standing in front. A sign on the building advertises roast beef sandwiches.
Oregon was the first state to select a site on the grounds (choosing their site in December, 1906), present a building design, and then erect their building. Following the AYPE, the Oregon Building served for a time as the University of Washington Law School.
A.H. Markwart of the Supervising Architect's Office; A.W. Lewis, Director of Concessions; Frank Allen, Director of Works; W.H. Wehrung, President of the Oregon Commission (wielding the Golden Shovel festooned with red, white and blue ribbons); Director General Ira Nadeau; and David C. Lewis, architect of the Oregon Building. Left to right from David Lewis: University of Washington History Professor Edmond Meany; Godfrey Chealander; Henry Dosch, Director of Exhibits; and Frank Merrick, Director of Publicity. Also notably present in this photo is AYPE mascot "Piggy", the "homely dog who helped select the sites, break the grounds, build the palaces, open the show and who has been on the job ever since." Piggy was owned by Mr. Harry Stuff.
Photograph probably by Frank Nowell.
Corinthian columns and ceiling dome are in place and plaster work is nearly finished.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
On Dedication Day, an address was provided by Governor Frank Benson and the building was officially turned over to the AYPE. Miss Cornelia Barker was the violin soloist on Dedication Day
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
The Oregon Building featured regular musical entertainment by the Ladies' Orchestra in the Reception Room.
Identified: Ira Nadeau, W.H. Wehrung, J.E. Chilberg, and E.W. Rowe. Caption identifies the women as being Portland Hostesses. The photo was possibly taken either on Oregon Day (July 9, 1909) or Portland Day (July 10, 1909).
The Oriental Building housed exhibits from Greece, Turkey, Egypt, Syria, Persia, British and Native India, China, Korea and New Zealand. It faced the Court of Honor opposite the European Building. The Oriental Building and its counterpart, the European Building, were often interchangeably referred to in AYPE literature as the "Foreign" Buildings.
Photograph probably by Frank Nowell.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This company manufactured P. & B. Products and Malthoid Roofing. Malthoid Roofing was used on all AYPE Buildings.
This was a federally funded building. The Philippine Islands were a territory of the U.S. at the time of the fair, and much of the U. S. Government's exhibits were intended to showcase their wealth of resources and products.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Exhibits of natural resources, historical, and cultural items represented the history, present, and future of the Philippine Islands. Many displays, such as lifelike dioramas of native people, were provided by the Smithsonian Institute.
This was the studio of Frank Nowell, Official Photographer for the AYPE, which was located on the Paystreak. Nowell had a large staff, and was given exclusive rights to take and sell large photos at the fair. Photos produced out of this building were the primary source of the prints used for newspapers, magazines, pamphlets and many postcards.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This photograph is a print of an original that belongs to MOHAI. It is included here for reference purposes.
There were two Power Houses located on the grounds: Powerhouse # 1 behind the Foundry, and #2 behind the Hawaii Building.
Judging from the shape of the windows in this photo, it is probably Power House #2 located behind the Hawaii Building.
Sign out front reads: "Conducted in the Interest of Albers Bros. Milling Co."
This Mission style building was designed to resemble Spokane's Pennington Hotel. The Spokane Building was located in the northeast section of the grounds off of Dome Circle. The displays included a sampling of local cereals and grains, "among them finely executed portraits of Roosevelt and Taft."
Sign reads: "Spokane County will erect a $10,000 Building on this site and will have installed the finest exhibit on the AYP Grounds. It will be unique and artistic & well worth seeing. Don't miss it."
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Photograph probably by Frank Nowell
Built in 13th century Swedish style, this building housed a library, auditorium and reception rooms, offered copies of every Swedish newspaper published in both America and Sweden, and featured a famous painting of the time, "The Shadow of the Cross". The main tower of the building was called the King Gustaf Tower.
Also present in photo is AYPE President J.E. Chilberg, fifth man from left.
This statue was commissioned by the state of Minnesota and sculpted by Finn Frolich, the creator of the "Spirit of the Pacific" statuary for the AYPE. James J. Hill was an important figure at the AYPE because, by designating Seattle as the Western terminus of the Great Northern Railroad, he essentially opened up the Pacific Northwest to the rest of the nation.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Probably taken on the day of the Statue's unveiling, August 3, 1909. Also visible in photo is Firmin Michel's Roast Beef Pavilion directly behind the statue.
This painting by Henry Hammond, also known as the "Miracle Picture", was an unfinished portrait of Christ standing on a road with blue sky behind him which would supposedly inexplicably become luminous in the dark, a shadow of the cross appearing in the glowing sky.
The Government Building featured a dome 270 feet high, and was the central attraction in the Court of Honor. Work began on the building in October, 1908. Exhibits began arriving in March 1909, and included all branches of the U.S. Military, the U.S. Mint and Treasury Department, U.S. Department of the Interior, and the Postal System. There was also a Fisheries Building annex. The Smithsonian Institute was responsible for providing many of the exhibits, some of which traveled from one exposition to another across the nation without being unpacked in-between. After the fair, the U.S. Government sold this building for scrap.
This photo is probably a view of the U.S. Government Fisheries Building, which was an adjunct to the Government building.
The Caraboa is a type of water buffalo that has been a traditional work horse in Filipino agriculture. As part of the U.S. Government military display, this model probably represents its use in the army when the Philippine Islands were a territory of the United States.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
The Department of the Interior had exhibit space in the northwest quarter of the main floor.
Also visible in photo are displays of Pacific Coast and Alaskan history, maps, a copy of the Declaration of Independence, and an exhibit of Native American Pueblo life in Arizona and New Mexico.
This building was a wing of the U.S. Government Building. The Fisheries exhibit included an aquarium featuring fish from northern waters. These fish purportedly arrived "on time, traveling in their own private car." After the fair, Seattle's Greenlake Improvement Club unsuccessfully lobbied the city Parks Department to retain the Fisheries exhibit.
The Bureau of Public Health and the Marine Hospital Service exhibits demonstrated developments in the treatment of tuberculosis, models of operating rooms and hospital wards, and equipment and facilities for disinfection and quarantine stations" hospital ships, and traveling medical labs. The Marine Hospital Service exhibit was located in the Northwest section of the main floor.
The Mint exhibit was put on by the U.S. Department of the Treasury. It included modern and historic mint machinery, including weighing machines, shaker boxes, coin hoppers, counting boards, screw presses, washing and drying machines, coin presses, rolls and punching machines. Relative to the Mint Exhibit, the Bureau of Engravings and Printing provided specimens of bonds, notes, postage stamps, maps and portraits of the presidents. These exhibits were in the northwest section of the main floor.
The Navy display included 30 models of naval vessels, dry docks, guns and ordnance equipment. Also exhibited were anchors, binnacles, compasses, ropes, historic relics, and signal apparatus.
Model appears to be a ship called the
The
The
At the time of the AYPE, U.S. lighthouses were maintained by the United States Lighthouse Board, consisting of trained naval officers.
The theater-in-the-round appearance suggests that this was a scene from a cyclorama, possibly a painted re-enactment of Admiral Dewey's fleet in the Battle of Manilla Bay.
The entire U.S. Government Postal Museum collection was sent to the AYPE for display. The postal exhibit occupied 7,000 square feet on the main floor, and included "dead letters" of historical interest, the latest postal equipment, early American stamps, and models of postal transportation.
This western mail coach was actually used for many years carrying U.S. mail across the Rocky Mountains.
The War Department Exhibit was run by J.J. Hittinger, and included the military divisions of the Army, Navy, Marines and Coast Guard.
This was probably located in the War Department, A small plaque on the side of the wagon reads "Used by Gen. Geo. Thomas during the Civil War". Thomas was a Union General in the Civil War known for his defense at Chickamauga, Georgia. He was in command of the Army of the Cumberland.
This was probably located in the War Department. Sign on gun reads: "Cal. 30. 800 shots a minute"
The gun rack in foreground possibly displayed the history of the rifle.
The Utah Building was a replica of a section of a Hopi Pueblo, an adobe community dwelling built by the Bear and Snake families of the Hopi Indians.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
A sign on front identifies this building as being a reproduction of the
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
The women's dresses read "V.F.D.A. across the front. The man is most likely L.D. Taylor, editor and director of the
The photo was probably taken on September 6, 1909, Vancouver Island Day.
This restaurant had two different incarnations, first appearing (prior to the opening of the fair) in a rough-hewn, shack-like building between the Manufactures Building and Geyser Basin when both were under construction, then later relocating during the Exposition in a more refined building next to the Fire Station and the Education Building. Some photos of the Manufactures Building under construction also include views of the restaurant in its earlier manifestation.
The framing of the Manufactures Building appears to have just begun, which places this photo in the early months of 1908. The restaurant is housed in a wood shack with open porch, with a huge sign overhead: "Washington Restaurant- Ice Cream Soda and Soft Drinks". Small signs visible in the interior advertise sandwiches and candies. Men and ladies are seated at tables in the open porch, and identifiable among them are AYPE officials Frank Merrick, Henry Dosch, Godfrey Chealander, and John McGraw.
Photograph possibly by Frank Nowell.
This photo was taken on the same day as the previous photo, early 1908 and soon after the construction for the Manufactures Building has begun. The men are all smoking or holding cigars, which might signify that this is the first day of framing and construction on the building. Included in the photo are Godfrey Chealander, Frank Merrick , Henry Dosch, and possibly John McGraw.
Photograph possibly by Frank Nowell.
The second-most expensive structures at the AYPE. Designed in French Renaissance style, the Washington Building was used as a reception headquarters for visiting officials, the most prominent being President William Howard Taft. The elegant building featured a pairing of formal architecture with informal Mission Style furniture, and its deep porch was a favorite shady resting place for fairgoers
Post-fair, the building served as the University of Washington Library until Suzzallo Library was built in the 1920's, then housed the Washington State Museum's natural history collection until 1961. The building was razed upon completion of the present day Burke Museum.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Possibly taken on or around Spokane Day, June 25, 1909.
The Lumbermen's Ball was the culmination of a Lumbermen's Convention held July 12 to 14.
The Dairy Building displayed products from dairies across the state, operated a creamery, and worked in conjunction with the nearby model dairy barn. There were daily demonstrations and several contests featuring butter churning.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Also visible, a "Wizard Agitator", De Laval Dairy equipment, and a "10 H.P. Stickney" engine
Organized and operated by the Washington State Federation of Women's Clubs and University of Washington Dean of Women Annie Howard, the Women's Building displayed women's works and achievements, provided services for female fairgoers, and addressed current issues such as women's suffrage. The building was a modest two-story structure which featured a reception area for teas and gatherings, and offered free childcare for thousands of children during the fair.
Post-fair, the Women's Building was turned over to the University of Washington where it functioned for some time as a women's center. In 1916, the building was requisitioned for the school's Mining Station, but a resurging Women's Movement in the 1980's resulted in the building being turned back into a Women's Information Center and re-christened
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This Yakima Building hosted fairgoers from Yakima and displayed such Yakima products and resources as canneries and Native American crafts.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
The Yakima delegates are adorned with ribbons reading "Yakima County", and stand in the doorway of the Yakima Building. June 11, 1909 was Yakima Valley Day.
The YWCA Building, located near Rainier Vista and the Formal Gardens, operated its own restaurant. The building was divided into a main dining room and cafeteria connected by a kitchen, and also included an office, check rooms, reception areas, and rest rooms.
This large arch, reading "Welcome to the Pacific Northwest/ Vancouver B.C.", was located on the west side of 3rd Avenue and Marion Street, spanning Marion and "visible from all business streets". The architect was A.A. Cox, and the arch was a gift from Vancouver B.C. Coated in staff and tinted in an ivory shade similar to AYPE buildings on the grounds, the arch was completed July 1, 1909.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is possibly the Dedication Ceremony for the Arch, which would have probably been in July, 1909.
The Pay Streak, named for the area with the most payload in a gold mine, was the amusement and concession center for the Exposition. It was located in the southwestern part of the grounds, and offered thrill rides, museums, wild west shows, souvenir stands, refreshment areas, cycloramas, and ethnic villages, shops and shows such as the Streets of Cairo and the Igorrote Village. The Paystreak was the place '"where everything amusing, grotesque, hilarious, foolish, novel and absurd is foisted and intoned, and where all that ingenuity can devise, skill project, or daring accomplish is brought for the diversion of a summer's day.'"
Photograph possibly by Frank Nowell.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This entrance consisted of an archway supported by totem poles and strung with Japanese lanterns. The Battle of Gettysburg can be seen through the center arch.
The back of the photo has a detailed description of what is shown in the panorama.
Two prints of the photos that compose this panorama are located in folder 16. These prints carry Nowell's stamp while the photos joined in the panorama do not.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is possibly a match between Dr. B.F. Roller of Seattle and Big Yousitt, the Turk.
The Arena was also called John Cort's Arena, after a local theater manager. In front of the theater was a statue of boxing champion John L. Sullivan.
Advertised as being "among the first class refreshment stands on the grounds", this café was very commodious and decorated with Mission Oak furniture fashioned in a "military style".
An advertisement for this concession boasted that it was the "Paystreak's scientific attraction showing the preservation of premature infants. Living infants." The manager of the exhibit was M.E. Fischer
Baby incubator exhibits were a common feature of World's fairs, and provided a social service to parents of premature infants, education to the public on the proper care for these infants when treated at home, and a promotion for hospitals and medical staff to purchase the equipment. The first modern incubator was invented in 1891, but hospitals did not buy them because they were expensive, and premature babies were encouraged to be treated at home. Many of the first incubators used in hospitals were actually purchased from the exhibits.
This concession was a "cyclorama", a large circular painting by French artist Paul Dominique Phillippoteaux that wrapped around the walls of its exhibit hall and depicted Pickett's Charge. The painting still exists and is now housed at the Gettysburg National Military Park. It is currently undergoing restoration efforts and is considered a national treasure.
The side of the building reads "War! War! War! Replete with the rush, roar, and rumble of battle"
If the car is one of the autos participating in the race, it is neither the first or second place winning autos, both of those having had their windshields removed.
Building signs read:"Chas. H. Culp's Indian Museum. See the Indian basket weavers at work. Over 10 tons prehistoric stone relics."
The Chinese Village was done in "true Chinese style, architecture, furnishings and in the goods displayed for sale." A theater was one of its attractions.
Possibly this parade was held on "China Day, September 6, 1909. A banner in the background declares a particular building as being the "Headquarters for China Day".
Caption on the photo reads: "From Chin Fook Hing Chinese Importer, 114 Second Ave South, Seattle, Wash, U.S.A. September 13, 1909"
According to a promotional pamphlet, Dixieland featured something called the " bally-hoo" which was a " front show at the Pay Streak attractions to gather the crowd to listen to the excellences of the performance within." The Bally-hoo show included traditional plantation songs and dances.
James Lacy (sometimes spelled "Lacey") was the band leader for a 30 piece traveling band and show troupe called the "Dixieland Spectacle". An interesting side note is that Jimi Hendrix' paternal grandparents, Bertran and Nora Hendrix, came to Seattle as members of the Dixieland Spectacle, and are possibly somewhere in these photos.
Male band members stand in the front row with their instruments and female entertainers stand in back, holding parasols. Bandleader James Lacey stands in front of the large drum that reads: "The Great Dixieland Spectacle- Lacy's Band".
This re-creation of a native Eskimo village with its inhabitants included natives from Labrador, Siberia and Alaska who were gathered together for the AYPE by a concessionaire named Capatain Baber. This real-life exhibit included native dances, canoe racing, igloos made of caribou hide, native artists at work, and sled dog rides.
Identified are Captain A. M. Baber (with shovel), Mrs. Baber and Baber's mother, Mrs Minor. Men from the Dardenelles, Algeria, Persia and Romania, "all in their native costumes", also took part in the ceremony. Standing in the second row are AYPE officials, including Ira Nadeau and Godfrey Chealander,
34 Siberian natives arrived before the fair opened and were placed in off-grounds winter quarters, an old cold storage plant. A. M. Baber, manager of the Eskimo Village Concession, took this group on promotional tours prior to the AYPE.
Popular "Queen of the Paystreak" Nancy Columbia, a member of the Labrador Inuits, stands behind the dog seated on the ground. Columbia had traveled with her mother and the Eskimo exhibit since her birth at the Chicago World's Fair in 1893.
Caribou Bill Cooper and his dog team started the 136 day long trek to Seattle from Nome, Alaska. Accompanying him at the beginning was a character named the Missouri Kid, who seems to have gone missing along the way. A sled dog team ride was one of the concessions offered on the Paystreak, probably provided by Bill and his team of Malamutes, the "Husky Express", along a track in the Eskimo Village building. Bill and his team were also a feature in the Elks' Parade.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Born in Ohio in 1830, Ezra Meeker headed West by covered wagon across the Oregon trail in 1852. Meeker was a prolific author and promoter of the preservation of the Oregon Trail. He himself crossed the Oregon Trail many times in his lifetime, by wagon, car, rail and finally airplane. Due to his local renown, he was allowed to run a restaurant, concession and pioneer memorabilia museum free of charge on the Pay Streak. Meeker's faithful oxen Dandy and Dave were featured in his exhibit . Wishing to evoke a feeling for 1850's pioneer life, Meeker built five pioneer cabins, imported an original blockhouse from Whidbey Island, and organized clambakes, barbecues, gatherings for old pioneer reminiscences, and a Wild West Show that included Nez Perce Indians.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This photo was probably taken near the completion of the Transcontinental Auto Race on June 29th, during which time Robert Guggenheim was known to the at the fairgrounds. The photo shows Guggenheim, Meeker, several other men and a waitress on an open porch in Meeker's Pioneers Restaurant.
The teepees behind this group suggest that the Nez Perce had their lodgings along the northwest edge of Meeker's Ranch. The Battle of Gettysburg Concession and possibly the back of John Cort's Arena are visible behind the Ranch.
Tom Mix and his wife Olive organized and performed in a Wild West show in Seattle during the time of the AYPE. It is possible that they are in this photo.
The Fairy Gorge Tickler was described as "the most ridiculous, laughable and tantalizing amusement on the Pay Streak." This ride consisted of tubs spinning down the slope of a mechanical twisting slide.
Built by Eli Braxton in Roadhouse, Illinois, this was the largest existing Ferris Wheel, a smaller, improved version of the first Ferris Wheel that debuted at the 1893 Chicago World's Fair. Weighing 45 tons, it held 14 cars, each with an 8 person capacity. During an hour long power failure at the AYPE, the Ferris Wheel was smoothly unloaded mechanically within six minutes, the riders never noticing the failure. After the fair, the wheel briefly operated in a Seattle park until being moved to the Pleasure Pier in Venice, CA where it was destroyed by fire in 1920.
This photo was possibly taken on Tacoma Day, July 16, 1909. There are many banners on the Wheel exclaiming "You'll Like Tacoma".
Also called the Temple of Mirth.
Also called the Acme Tea Parlor.
A sign above proclaims, "Lost art discovered! Don't fail to get a handsome souvenir handkerchief taken from stone. We print on your own handkerchief or pillow tops while you wait."
One of the most popular attractions on the Paystreak was a village of Filipino Igorrote tribe members. Similar villages had been sponsored by the U.S. War Department in 1904 at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis, and again in 1905 by private management at the 1905 Lewis & Clark Centennial in Portland. Because the Philippine Islands were a recently acquired territory of the U.S., there was much curiosity at this time about the lands and people.
The Igorrote Village at the AYPE featured traditional dwellings and agricultural operations, and the villagers wore native dress, including loincloths for the men which were the source of much controversy among AYPE officials and fairgoers. Igorrote villagers performed dances, made tools and crafts, and engaged in everyday life.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
A sign on the right of the structure identifies it as "A-TO and PA-BA-FOO-NAN: assembly place for men's meetings, home of the ceremonials and dormitory for boys and unmarried men."
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Photo was probably taken on the same day as Governor Smith's visit to the Igorrote Village.
Photo was probably taken on the same day as Governor Smith's visit to the Igorrote Village.
Photo was probably taken on the same day as Governor Smith's visit to the Igorrote Village.
Controversy about the clothing worn by the Igorrotes arose from both the Women's Christian Temperance group who found the scant clothing immodest, and Filipino natives visiting the fair who felt that the tribe was not representative of modern Filipinos. Compelled to investigate the Igorrotes to see if villagers were indeed "short of dry goods," a Committee of AYPE officials arrived at the consensus that the G-strings worn by the Igorrotes were indeed "scant" yet "barely noticeable" and not offensive. "If these people are offending at all, it is in the breach of the sartorial law, not in its observance" ruled Governor Hay. The Reverend Mark Matthews cast a final vote in favor of letting the matter of the G-strings lie, stating that the Igorrotes "are a simple and lovely people just as they are. Civilization might serve to spoil them."
From left to right: Judge Thomas Burke, R.C. Schneidewind (of the Igorrote village management), Washington Governor M.E. Hay, Reverend Mark A. Matthews, AYPE President J.E. Chilberg, John Kreider (also of the Igorrote village management), and Igorrote boy Wy-il.
Investigative Committee from left to right: Reverend Mark A. Matthews, Igorotte Village manager R.C. Schneidewind, Washington Governor M.E. Hay, AYPE President J.E. Chilberg and Igorrote Village Manager John Kreider. Judge Burke stands in front of them, out of focus.
Situated at the foot of the Pay Streak, the Japanese Village consisted of shops, tea houses serving tea and rice cakes, and Japanese Gardens. Geisha girls and Japanese dancers were some of the attractions.
Caption on back reads: "There were about eleven of these little Oriental type booths running up the center of the Pay Streak."
Some of the Geisha girls working in the teahouses were sorority girls from schools in Japan, while others were girls already living in America.
At some point during the fair, the saloon was temporarily shut down for being "too realistic".
This roller coaster was a popular amusement on the Paystreak and "a source of constant and entrancing thrills." The ride originated when L.A. Thompson sold tickets for rides into an abandoned mine shaft in 1884.
A sign on the café reads "Mrs. Corinne Simpson, Proprietress". Directly to the right of the café is the California Indian Museum.
A sign offers fairgoers the opportunity to visit Albert for 10 cents.
Signs advertise French Waffles, Root Beer, and Ice Cream Sodas.
Building features a large Bull's Eye on the front and the words: "Hunting in the Cascades". A banner reads "2 shots for 5 cents".
One of the stars of the Spanish Theater was Nellie Brown, the "Dancing Cockney".
August 20 was both Theatrical Mechanics Association Day and Pay Streak Day at the AYPE. At eleven P.M. on August 20, 1909, AYPE officials Ira Nadeau and J.E. Chilberg, having been elected honorary members of the Theatrical Mechanics Association two weeks previously, "received their obligations into the T.M.A." This event involved an initiation and mock ceremony, and apparently compelled Nadeau and Chilberg to don costumes. They appear in this photo carrying tridents and wearing sashes.
The Streets of Cairo was a lively Pay Streak attraction featuring such "titillating" dances as Princess Lala's Death Dance of Cleopatra, and La Belle Pia's famous Muscle Dance. Other points of interest of the Streets of Cairo and the Oriental Village were musicians, camels, sooth sayers, mosques, and bazaars and shops filled with Oriental wares. The Streets were also one of the busiest beats for the AYPE police, who were occasionally forced to conduct "liquor raids".
N. Salih was the concessionaire for the Oriental Village. Men from the Nile, the Dardenelles, Algeria, Persia and Roumania, all in native costumes, also took part in the ceremonies.
The pyramid-shaped building for this fortune-telling establishment featured six sphinxes- emblems of the riddle of life.
This ride involved a compressed air jet car. The vacuum tube railway was advertised as promising to "revolutionize mail carrying" in the near future.
This dock, located on Union Bay near the South Gate Entrance, was leased for the duration of the fair. The competing services of the Laurelhurst and the Interlaken Steamships were granted co-privileges to use this dock to provide passengers transportation to and from the fair. A fleet of eleven steamships were used for fair travel. Gondolas and launches were also located on Lake Washington and were provided by the Passenger and Row Boat Company.
Similar view as in photo (x2413), but closer to log steps.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Military units were specifically chosen by AYPE Officials to bivouac on the grounds, participate in drills and contests, and demonstrate the techniques of warfare and the routine of military life.
See also photos in "Canada Building" group.
One rail car reads "Milwaukee and Puget Sound Railway"
The sandstone block reads "From Hercules Sandstone Co., Tenino, Wash. Wt 38,000 lbs." A small engine from the American Locomotive Company is next to the crane car.
Cactus Dahlias were the official AYPE flower.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
The Livestock exhibit was allotted a large tract of land south of the railway tracks which incorporated cattle sheds and stock yards. The Live Stock Show was held from September 27-October 9th, 1909. Billed as the largest show of its kind, cash prizes totaling $3,791.00 were awarded to the best in show. President Taft himself served as one of the judges of the Livestock on his last day of visiting the fair, October 1, 1909.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Caption reads "Aged Belgian Stallion "Azure", property of A.C. Ruby of Portland Ore. Winner of 2nd prixe in Class and Reserve Champion."
This photo is credited to Frank Nowell but was probably taken by Orville Rognon.
The judging appears to be taking place in the stock exhibit arena. To the right is the Stockman's Restaurant and Cafeteria, advertising steaks, chops and clam chowder.
This photo is credited to Frank Nowell but was probably taken by Orville Rognon.
Verso reads "Head of Grand Champion Guernsey Cow. Property of Mr. Looney of Jefferson , Oregon."
This photo is credited to Frank Nowell but was probably taken by Orville Rognon.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
On June 1, 1909, simultaneously with the opening of the AYPE, a transcontinental auto race began from New York City to Seattle. The race was promoted and sponsored by the Seattle Automobile Club, the AYPE, the Automobile Club of America, Henry Ford and Robert Guggenheim. Guggenheim provided the winning prize of $2,000 cash and a Transcontinental Trophy. The race was intended to showcase the latest products of the automobile industry and to emphasize the need for new and improved roadways across the nation.
A heavily pared-down Ford #2 with driver Bert Scott and mechanic C.J. Smith arrived on the fairgrounds June 23, capturing first prize. The 2nd place winner was a Shawmut with A. Pettengill at the wheel, arriving later on the same day. 3rd place initially went to another Ford Model T (#1) that crossed the finish line on the next day, but was disqualified from receiving the any cash prizes because it had to change a broken axel over the Snoqualmie Pass. 3rd place then passed to an Acme car that reached the fair grounds on June 30. Five months after the race, the first place Ford was discreetly disqualified from the race when it was discovered that it had received a new engine during the race. Henry Ford never publicly acknowledged the loss of the trophy, and continued to herald its victory in his Ford Motors publicity campaigns.
The trophy is inscribed: "Alaska-Yukon Automobile Race Guggenheim Trophy New York to Seattle", has small figureheads of Chief Seattle at its base and pictures of the Agriculture Building and a view of Seattle's main street near its top.
A winner's banquet took place June 29, 1909, which included the presentation of this trophy.
The Pace or Pathfinder car preceded the racers in order to select the best routes . Robert Guggenheim procured the famous Thomas Flyer, winner of the 1908 New York to Paris race, to be the pathfinder, and hired its former mechanic, George Miller, as its driver. When the Thomas Flyer car took two months to cross the country, there were clear indications that the roads along the way were in bad shape.
The car appears to be parked within the Mines Building. Driver Bert Scott is at the wheel with mechanic C.J. Smith seated beside him. Robert Guggenheim stands to the car's right
Robert Guggenheim is standing at left of the car with his wife beside him. Henry Ford is immediately to the right, and the AYPE Guard is identified as Officer Bloom.
Race cars entering the AYPE grounds had to complete five laps around the AYPE Stadium before finishing the race.
Robert Guggenheim (in cap) and his wife stand behind the car at the mechanic's left, and Henry Ford (in bowler hat) stands at right of driver Bert Scott.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
Baby Day was to have taken place on October 2, but numbers on these photos indicate it may have taken place in July, instead. Prizes were offered for "the finest infants in many classes" including special awards for "children of foreign heritage". Events also included a parade of decorated baby carriages.
Probably from Long Beach, WA. The band consists of two adults and five children holdings drums and drumsticks.
Frederick Innes was the official AYPE Music Director, and The Innes Band played 21 shows at the AYPE between June 22 and July 12, 1909.
Taken on Tacoma Day.
Liberati's Band played for 31 days during the fair between July 13 and August 14, 1909.
"AYP Band" is written on the bands of their caps, and their bass drum features a portrait of Chief Seattle
The first Children's Day was June 5. There was at least one more Children's Day (on August 21, 1909), if not more. The AYPE Committee members were so intent upon having every child within King County visit the fair that at one point there was talk of taxing all King County Bachelor's in order to raise the admission funds.
Caption on back identifies this group as "Seattle Public School Children".
Verso identifies this as Children's Day. A photo from a AYPE Guidebook explains that these children are holding diplomas they have received for participating in an educational tour. All day children's educational tours of the grounds, covering a variety of buildings and exhibits, were a daily feature of the Expo.
The photo's caption identifies this as Children's Day on June 5, but the photo's number suggests it was taken in July. It is possibly a photograph of one of the daily educational children's tours of the grounds.
Also referred to as "Children of Many Climes Day", this event involved international children living on the Pay Streak who participated in a parade and luncheon.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
The French Fete was a reenactment of a traditional 18th century French songs, dance and a pageant, and was staged twice at the AYPE. The first show was on Children's Day August 21 and involved two parts: the beginning of the pageant represented a holiday in France with peasants, dairy maids, mountaineers and shepherds. In the second half, Marie Antoinette appears with her court of pages and ladies-in-waiting. The Fete featured hundreds of children and young adults in costumes, and prior to the first afternoon performance, many participants rode around the grounds in an autos. Due to the success of the first Fete, a second one was scheduled to coincide with Seattle Day on September 6, and in keeping with the theme of the day, this Fete added a third element of historical floats and tableau vivantes" featuring Chief Seattle and Captain Vancouver. These historic elements recreated events in the history of Seattle from the arrival of Captain Vancouver up to the event of the AYPE.
The date would be either August 21 or September 6, 1909. Based on photo number, August is more probable.
Either the first Fete of August 21 or the Second on September 6, 1909. This photo appears to be a part of a larger panorama of the group.
The caption dates Salem day as July 21, but AYPE programs list it as July 20, 1909.
On September 2, 1909 "an army of Smiths invaded the AYPE grounds" to celebrate Smith Day, which was also open to Smythes, Schmitzes, and Schmidts. Contests were held to determine the prettiest Smith girl and matron, the handsomest man, and the homeliest, shortest and thinnest Smiths. Woodinville "produced the fattest clan of Smiths", while the tallest Smith hailed from Idaho.
The prize winning Smiths stand in the front rows.
Many of the Smith prize winners are holding or standing next to objects such as a small skull statue, a triangular shaped clock, and the head of a clown figure which were probably part (if not all) of their prize winnings.
Also included on the back of this photo a short handwritten essay by an anonymous Smith on the virtues of the great family name.
Swedish Day was billed as one of the biggest events of the AYPE. The program was part of the United Swedish Singers' Convention, and involved a Swedish chorus, native music and dance, a parade and exercises in the Natural Amphitheater from 2 to 4 in the afternoon. Chilberg himself was of Swedish origin, a founding member of the Seattle Swedish Club, and thus an active participant in the day's festivities.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
The band seated around Chilberg is probably Liberati's Band.
This photo is credited to Frank Nowell but based on the numbering system it was probably taken by Orville Rognon.
Takahira Kogoro, Japan's Ambassador to the United States, was the highest ranking Japanese Official to visit the AYPE grounds. The Ambassador's visit took place August 16-17, 1909.
This photo includes Kogoro (third from left), Commissioner Hajime Ota, Vice-Consul K. Hayashi , and Judge Thomas Burke. The two men at the furthest left are possibly E.F. Blaine and J.D. Lowman of the Japanese reception committee, and the man at furthest right might be Buei Nakano of the Tokyo Chamber of Commerce.
The Grand Military Parade was at the start of Taft Day, September 30. The parade began at 9:30, and was scheduled to pass in front of Taft at precisely 9:50 A.M.
Taft attended an AYPE luncheon in the New York Building at 1:00, September 30. This photo probably shows Taft leaving the luncheon at 2:00, walking down to the Natural Amphitheater below to give a speech.
Identified: Washington Governor Marion Hay, Presidential Special Guard Archie Butt, AYPE President J.E. Chilberg, and AYPE Master of Ceremonies Josiah Collins.
Identified: Plain clothes detective Archie Butt, President W. H. Taft, Washington Governor Marion Hay, AYPE President J.E. Chilberg, J.W. Clise (AYPE Trustee and Animal Superintendent), and one of Clise's five horses. A caption explains that Taft loved horses. The Livestock show was held in the University Stadium on the south side of the AYPE grounds.
This photo is credited to Frank Nowell but was probably taken by Orville Rognon.
President Taft was initiated into the Arctic Brotherhood during his visit, receiving an honorary crimson fur parka and a club membership set in gold nuggets. Following a speech to a crowd of 25,000 in the Natural Amphitheater, Taft immediately proceeded to the Arctic Brotherhood Clubhouse for his initiation, where he was elected "Honorary Past Grand Arctic Chief". Upon being presented with his ceremonial robe, Taft insisted upon donning it, declaring that "I am not afraid to put on the robe of office. Never have been. " According to a newspaper article, the only opening in the robe was at the neckline, and after it had been slipped over the President's head, "things seemed to get into a tangle, and the President was lost to view for two or three minutes."
There is some uncertainty about the date of this photograph. While it is attributed to photographers Nowell and Rognon together, they were not known to be in partnership until some years after the AYPE. Possibly this photo was re-issued by Nowell and Rognon a few years after the AYPE.
Frank Allen was an architect and engineer. As AYPE Director of Works, he oversaw all work done on the grounds before and after the fair's opening. He had been previously employed at the 1905 Lewis & Clark Centennial.
In addition to guards and police, ten Pinkerton detectives were on the force. AYPE police authorities handled such troubles as bootlegging, counterfeiting, thievery, bogus gatemen collecting fees, shootings, and lost babies. According to one newspaper article, AYPE police were given permission "to beat and maul" thieves caught on the grounds.
"Bobbie Boyce" was also a member of the AYPE Executive Committee, and appears in their group photo.
Judge Thomas Burke of Seattle, Washington was the AYPE "Commissioner General to Asia and Oceania". He played a pivotal role in hosting visiting Japanese Officials and delegations as well as performing the role of good will ambassador to the many countries represented at the AYPE. Burke appears in some of the group photos in this collection such as the Igorrote G-String Investigative Committee and the Japanese Building Dedication photos, but there is no individual portrait of him in this collection.
Taken on the porch of a residence, possibly the Burke home. Caroline Burke is at left, and the woman at right is probably her mother, Mrs. John McGilvra.
Taken on the porch of a residence, possibly the Burke home. Caroline Burke is at left, and the woman at right is probably her mother, Mrs. John McGilvra.
The occasion for this photo is possibly related to the "Congress of Educators of Indians" that took place at the AYPE August 24-26, 1909.
J. E. Chilberg was a prominent member of the early Seattle business and social community. He held important roles in the Scandinavia-American Bank, Seattle Ship Yards, the Mines and Merchants Company of Nome, the Century Company (a Seattle Investment firm), and had various dealings in mining and insurance businesses in Alaska and the Pacific Northwest. He was a member of the Seattle Chamber of Commerce, the Swedish Club, the Rainier Club, the Elks, Masons, and the Alaska Club. Because of his interest in Alaska and his construction of Seattle's Alaska Building in 1905, Chilberg was one of the original organizers and promoters of the AYPE.
Colonel Henry Ernst Dosch was a German immigrant who served in the Union Army during the Civil War. Famous for his expertise in local horticulture, Dosch applied his knowledge towards promoting the Pacific Northwest in a variety of exposition appointments, beginning with his role as a Commissioner at the 1893 Chicago World's Fair, and continuing through his work at expositions in Osaka, Omaha, Charleston, St. Louis, Portland, and Seattle.
Marion Hay, a Republican, was the seventh Governor of Washington, serving from 1909 to 1913.
These three men were members of the Washington State Commission which was entrusted with $400,000 in appropriations for the State of Washington exhibit. With Hay are AYPE Resident Commissioner and Secretary L.P Hornberger, and Executive Commissioner W. A. Halteman.
This is a copy of a photograph from the Museum of History & Industry for reference purposes only.
These are probably the women that served as official hostesses for the various AYPE Buildings. The Hawaiian hostesses are present. Also identified: Louis Buckley, Director of Ceremonies.
As Director of Concessions, Lewis was in charge of the Paystreak Concessions. Lewis was reported to be "an experienced and highly skilled 'show man' who has drawn to the AYPE the brightest and best amusements the world has to offer". During the AYPE, Lewis resigned to manage an upcoming exposition in California, and was replaced by E. G. Mattox.
Photograph possibly taken by one of Frank Nowell's assistants. The number does not match Nowell's numbering system.
The other two men are possibly AYPE Board of Trustees Members James Hoge and C.E. Fowler.
This man is probably James A. Moore, a real estate developer known for building Seattle's Moore Theater and naming "Capitol Hill". He served on the AYPE Board of Trustees, and on the Grounds and Buildings Committee.
Photograph probably by Frank Nowell.
Ira A. Nadeau, like Chilberg, was one of the AYPE's original innovators and promoters. Prior to his posting as AYPE Director General, he served as the Vice President of Seattle's Chamber of Commerce, and as a general agent for the Great Northern Rail Road. This photo of Nadeau was probably taken on the back steps of the Fine Arts Building.
George E. Boos was the Special Commissioner to Idaho, Montana and Utah for the AYPE.
Boos is identified instead as George Dickson on photo's verso. This is possible, but research seems to support the identity of the man in the center of this photo as Boos.
The gazing ball reflects not only Nowell taking the photograph, but also the Formal Gardens, Manufactures and Agriculture Buildings behind him.
Officials identified as: Henry Dosch (Director of Exhibits), A. W. Lewis (Director of Concessions), probably R.A. Ballinger (Vice-President before resigning to work on President Taft's Cabinet) , Ira Nadeau (Director General), Merrick, probably John McGraw (Vice-President), and Frank P. Allen (Director of Works).
Born in Ohio, Wappenstein had years of service behind him as a policeman, Chief of Detectives in Cincinnati, and as a Pinkerton detective in Chicago before coming to the Pacific Northwest and being appointed Seattle Chief of Police in 1906. During the AYPE, he was Chief of Police of the AYPE Guards. Listed as the Seattle Chief of Police from 1906 to 1907, and then again for the year 1910, it appears likely Wappenstein temporarily resigned his municipal duties to work solely for the AYPE during its preparation and duration.
The Women's division of the A.O.U.W. held competitive drills at the Washington State Building on July 23, 1909.
The Men's division of the A.O.U.W. held their exercises at the AYPE Stadium on July 23, 1909.
Group photo taken in front of the Washington State Building, between two columns. Identified: Alfred Millican, Linton Bennett, Mr. Rhoades, Juliet O'Hearn, and Miss Barrett, all later employed as educators at Ballard High School in Seattle, WA.
According to the AYPE schedule of events, Chicago Day- possibly the occasion for this gathering- took place on June 7, 1909. Several of these Chicago area men appear in two photos filed under "Events prior to the Exposition", when the Chicago Board of Commerce made a 1908 visit to the grounds to select a sight for a Chicago Building that never materialized.
Identified: H.A. Wheeler and E.A. Stevens of the Chicago Association of Commerce, C.W. Mott- Immigration Agent from the Northern Pacific Rail Road, and AYPE Director General Ira Nadeau.
This photo possibly was taken on June 07, 1909- Chicago Day at the fair.
According to the AYPE schedule of events, Chicago Day- possibly the occasion for this gathering- took place on June 7, 1909. Several of these Chicago area men appear in two photos filed under "Events prior to the Exposition", when the Chicago Board of Commerce made a 1908 visit to the grounds to select a sight for a Chicago Building that never materialized.
Similar to photo (x1769). Possibly taken on June 07, 1909- Chicago Day at the fair.
Possibly the visit of the Chicago area newspaper men was simultaneous with the visit of the Chicago Board of Trade and the Chicago Association of Commerce. They are seated and standing behind a bench outside somewhere on the grounds.
Caption reads "Blue and Gray". These old soldiers are tentatively identified as Private M.R. Hughes of the Confederate Army and Lieutenant E.C. Johnson of the Union. They are standing beneath a painting of General Robert E. Lee and his horse, Traveler, that hung over the doorway of the Battle of Gettysburg Building on the Paystreak.
Delta Sigma Delta is a fraternity for dentists that originated in 1882.
This photo was probably taken on Delta Sigma Delta Day, July 24, 1909.
For two days in July, the Benevolent and Protective Order of the Elks held riotous parades and an Elks' Society Circus on the fairgrounds. The parade and side shows were said to feature Buster Brown and his dog Tige, bearded ladies, tattooed men, the Wild Man of Borneo, an Albino Lady and a Living Skeleton. Also starring in the parade was the official AYPE mascot- an "unassuming" wiry-haired black dog named "Piggy". The two days of Elks festivities were apparently rowdy, as newspaper articles mention the arrests of several Elks including a Bill Copestruck and George Leghorn.
Close-up views of Nowell's Official Photographer's Building are located in "Buildings", Box 3, Folder 28.
The photo was probably taken on Fraternal Brotherhood Day. The fraternity held a large convention during the fair involving an encampment and competitive drills.
Taken on Grand Army of the Republic Day at the AYPE, this group photo is of hundreds of members, including men, women and children. In the front row, young girls and women hold American flags.
The Improved Order of Red Men is a fraternal organization, still in existence, that can be traced back to a 1765 organization called the Sons of Liberty. According to their website, they patterned themselves "after the great Iroquois Confederacy and its democratic body", and they assumed customs and terminology of Native Americans.
This photo was probably taken on Redmen's Day, July 22, which coincided with Fraternal Brotherhood Day. Members are in uniforms and in Native American costumes, and a band stands in the front row.
Photo was probably taken on Los Angeles Day, August 9, 1909. Los Angeles sent a delegation of businessmen and Chamber of Commerce representatives to the fair. California visitors were welcomed, free fruit was distributed, and a reception, concert and steamer ride on Lake Washington "filled the time".
Servers were Gladys Mann and Elsie Leslie. The menu also lists all the guests present, although the writing is barely legible.
Probably taken on July 19 or July 20, 1909.
American newspapers ran contests during the AYPE offering group trips to the fair. "Two hundred and eight newspaper parties from thirty-five states as well as Canada, Alaska, the Yukon and Hawaii will visit the Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition between now and Oct. 15. D.B. Duncombe, who will have charge of the entertainment of these parties, has been assured of the attendance of that number of delegations by the newspapers conducting contests, which result in the winners getting a free trip to the exposition ." Many of the contest winners were scheduled to visit the fair during the first week of July, 1909.
Caption on this photo reads July 19, but was taken at the same time as photo (x2870), dated July 21.
Possibly Pennsylvania Day, August 16, 1909. There was a special dinner held for the Pennsylvania group on that day.
Royal Arcanum was (and still is) a fraternal organization founded in 1877 in Pennsylvania to combine the ideals of fraternity with life insurance for its members. Members posing in the picture include men, women and children, many bearing small flags reading "Royal Arcanum June 23" and showing the AYPE logo. June 23, 1909 was Royal Arcanum Day at the AYPE.
Identified: Emil Ankermiller, John R. Rogers, Gilbert Barry, John Cort, and Edward Batwill.
This photograph by Frank Nowell is a print of a photo located in the J. Willis Sayre Photograph Collection (PH Coll 200, Print Number G-A-24) at the University of Washington. It is included here for reference purposes.
This was (and still is) a fraternal benefit society founded in 1888 by traveling salesmen.
This group photo was possibly taken on United Commercial Travelers' Day, June 12, 1909.
This was (and still is) a fraternal benefit society founded in 1888 by traveling salesmen.
A luncheon was held in the New York Building on July 16, 1909 as part of the Druggists' Days festivities. Supposedly 300 guests were present. This photograph was probably taken on this occasion.
Large postcard images made from Nowell's photographs.
Includes image of entrances to various part of the fair, music pavilion, California State Building, Agriculture Building, Hawaiian Building, Pay Streak and other locations.
Calotype print of item 348.