University of Washington Libraries, Special CollectionsPH0437Ybarra-Frausto, Tomás, 1938-Tomás Ybarra-Frausto photograph collectioncirca 1969-1979145 photographic prints (1 box and 1 folder) ; sizes vary1 slideCollection materials are inEnglish.Photographs of Chicano artists, plays, protests, La Escuelita community center, and other activities related to Chicanos in Washington StateTomás Ybarra-Frausto taught in the Romance Languages and Literature Department at the University of Washington from 1970 until 1976. He was an instructor of Chicano culture and history and was actively involved in proposals for a Chicano Studies Program at the University. He was also interested in the activities of Chicano artists, theater and dance groups, student movements, farm workers associations, educational associations, and self-help organizations in Washington, Idaho and, Oregon.
The collection includes photographs relating to the activities of Chicano artists, students, and organizations in Washington State. Among the organizations represented are: La Escuelita in Granger, Washington, Teatro del Piojo, a theatrical group focused on portraying the Chicano experience, and Movimiento Estudiantil Chicano de Aztlán (MECHA), a student organization that promotes higher education, culture and history.
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Donor: Tomás Ybarra-Frausto, January 7, 1993.
Processed by Erin Briggs; processing completed in March 2012.
Photographs were relocated from the Tomás Ybarra-Frausto Papers (Accession No. 4339-001) on January 4, 1994.
These materials form part of the Tomás Ybarra-Frausto Papers, which are described and indexed in the guide to the Tomás Ybarra-Frausto Papers .
Ybarra-Frausto, Tomás, 1938- --PhotographsChavez, Cesar, 1927-1993--PhotographsMcNeil Island Penitentiary--PhotographsMovimiento Estudiantil Chicana/o de Aztlán (University of Washington)Teatro del Piojo (Organization)Granger (Wash.)--PhotographsChicano movement--Washington(State)Chicano movement--Washington (State)--SeattleCivil rights demonstrations--Washington (State)--Seattle--PhotographsCollege students--Washington (State)--Seattle--PhotographsCommunity centers--Washington (State)--Granger--PhotographsMexican American college students--PhotographsMexican American college students--Washington (State)--Seattle--PhotographsMexican American college teachers--PhotographsMexican American college teachers--Washington (State)--Seattle--PhotographsMexican American theater--Washington (State)Mexican Americans--Washington (State)--PhotographsMexican Americans--Washington (State)--Seattle--PhotographsTheater--Political aspects--Washington (State)--SeattleWorkers' theater--Washington (State)Visual Materials Collections (University of Washington)Civil RightsLatinos and LatinasMexican AmericansPerforming ArtsWashington (State)Photographic printsPhotographs
Events and meetingsConstruction of La Escuelita1969La Escuelita was a community center founded in Granger, Washington (with its population of 50% Chicano residents) whose mission was to provide an environment that would foster a positive self-image and encourage intellectual and spiritual development through language, games, and folkdance.
1/11La Escuelita entrancecirca 1969Note on verso: "'La Escuelita' formerly Granger's old Catholic Church".
1/12People painting ceilingcirca 1969 1/13Volunteers from National Council of Churches painting wallcirca 1969 1/14Escuelita member tearing down beamscirca 1969 1/15Volunteers from Friends Services building arches for entrancecirca 1969 1/16Escuelita members sanding archescirca 1969 1/17Escuelita member Gustavo changing music near archescirca 1969 1/18Ceiling beams and archescirca 1969 1/19Repainted beams and wallscirca 1969 1/110Escuelita member Irene Castilleja sweeping floorcirca 1969 1/111Mrs. Castaneda and her daughter sawing boardcirca 1969 1/112Cupboards built by Gustavo Garciacirca 1969 1/113Varnished and installed cupboards1969 1/114Library shelves1969 1/215Escuelita members varnishing and making plans near tablecirca 1969 1/216Man sanding table, donated by Toppenish Community Youth Organization1969 1/217Job Corp volunteers sanding table1969 1/218Sink built by Escuelita memberscirca 1969 1/219Job Corp volunteers unloading plywoodcirca 1969 1/220Volunteer Maria Gamboa taking break outsidecirca 1969 1/221Escuelita members and volunteers taking coffee break outsidecirca 1969 1/222Escuelita members, Gustavo Garcia, Guillermo Castaneda, Maria Gamboa, and Irene Castilleja taking break outsidecirca 1969 1/223Escuelita members and volunteers taking break outsidecirca 1969 1/224Escuelita members and volunteers resting during lunch hourcirca 1969 1/225-26Children from primary school across from La Escuelitacirca 1969 La Escuelita, After Constructionundated1/327Cupboards with potteryundated 1/328Cupboards and sink areaundated 1/329Ceiling beams with festive decorationsundated 1/330General interiorundated 1/331Window above La Escuelita entryway with "Calmecac" artworkundatedCalmécac means "school of learning" in Nahuátl, a dialect in the Uto-Aztecan language family.
United Farm Workers gathering in Granger, Washingtoncirca 1969OS332César Chávez speaking at La Escuelitacirca 1969 OS333César Chávez speaking at Granger High Schoolcirca 1969 OS334Attendees listening to César Chávezcirca 1969 Meetings at U.S. Penitentiary on McNeil Island in Steilacoom, Washington1969-19701/435Two men shaking hands in front of American flag and United Farm Workers flag on September 14, 19691969 1/436Attendees on September 14, 19691969 1/537-48Speakers and performers in front of Viva La Raza poster and United Farm Workers flag on January 16, 19701970 1/649-52Attendees on January 16, 19701970 MECHA Retreat at Pack Forest in Eatonville, Washington1971Movimiento Estudiantil Chicano de Aztlán (MECHA) is a student organization that promotes higher education, culture and history. MECHA was founded in 1969 on the principles of self-determination, political involvement, and education for the liberation of Chicano people.
1/753People seated at MECHA Retreatcirca 1971 1/754Woman at MECHA Retreat1971 Mexican Folk Art Exhibition at Western Washington State College in Bellingham, Washingtoncirca 1961-19771/855Men preparing for exhibition and hanging artworkcirca 1961-1977 1/856Tomás Ybarra-Frausto holding horse figurinecirca 1961-1977 1/857Tomás Ybarra-Frausto pointing to artworkcirca 1961-1977 1/858Pottery displaycirca 1961-1977 Demonstrations and protestsOS359Two men at Welfare Protest in Olympia, Washington on December 29, 19691969 Chicano Moratorium in Seattle, Washington19701/960-61Young men and women at Chicano Moratorium1970 1/962MECHA student demonstration outside of Padelford Hall at the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington1970Note on verso: "Chicanas, Daily, 1/30/70 - pg. 2, Dr. Ricardo Aguire archive".
This photograph accompanied an article inThe Dailyon January 30, 1970. The article, entitled "30 Chicanos March," discussed the Chicano student demonstration over the lack of disciplinary action taken against a teaching assistant in the romance language department. The teaching assistant, Luis Larios from Barcelona, Spain, was accused of admonishing two Chicano students for "the use of their mother tongue".
Demonstration at King County Courthouse in Seattle, Washington19721/1063Three men, Epi, Esteban, and George, at demonstration at King County Courthouse1972 1/1064Two people, Ymelda and Rogelio, at demonstration at King County Courthouse1972 1/1065Three people, David, Teresa, and Rita, at demonstration at King County Courthouse1972 1/1066Three men, Juan, Adrian, and Rafael, at demonstration at King County Courthouse1972 Theater - Teatro del PiojoTeatro del Piojo, "Theater of the Louse," was a theatrical group founded in 1970 and directed at its outset by Ybarra-Frausto. Teatro del Piojo toured the West Coast region with humorous and satirical “actos” portraying the Chicano experience.
Performance images inThe Daily1971-1972An article about El Teatro del Piojo was included in the UW student publicationThe Dailyon May 11, 1971, as part of a special Viva La Raza edition ofThe Daily.
1/1167Performer wearing dark robe and skeleton mask holds ax and "Sistema Educativo" sign1971 1/1168Four performers wearing dark robes, masks, and "Sistema" and "Educativo" signs hold white sheet1971 1/1169Two performers in costume, one with "Pvt. Chicano" sign, kneel on stage1971 1/1170Tomás Ybarra-Frausto and two guitarists sing on stage1972Note on verso: "Daily 5/10/72".
This image was not included inThe Dailyon May 10, 1972.
Performances at U.S. Penitentiary on McNeil Island in Steilacoom, Washington19721/1271Tomás Ybarra-Frausto holding a hat with another man on stage1972Note on verso: "To El Carnal Tomas, from Los Vatos de MASH, Tony [ilg], MASH President".
1/1272Sally Cantu and three other people on stage1972Note on verso: "To La Carnala Sally, from Los Vatos de MASH, Tony [ilg], MASH President".
1/1273Sally Cantu and five other people on stage1972Note on verso: "To La Carnala Celia, from Los Vatos de MASH, Tony [ilg], MASH President".
1/1274Tomás Ybarra-Frausto with female guitarist and others on stage1972Note on verso: "To El Teatro del Piojo, from Los Vatos de MASH 1/24/72, Tony [ilg], MASH President".
1/1275Performers kneel on stage1972Note on verso: "To El Teatro del Piojo, from Los Vatos de MASH, Tony [ilg], MASH President".
1/1276Tomás Ybarra-Frausto and others on stage with Viva La Raza sign and United Farm Workers flag1972Note on verso: "To El Teatro del Piojo, from Los Vatos de MASH 1/24/72, Tony [ilg], MASH President".
1/1277Tomás Ybarra-Frausto and others on stage with cross1972Note on verso: "To El Teatro del Piojo, from Los Vatos de MASH, Tony [ilg], MASH President".
1/1278Performers holding signs and flags on stage1972Note on verso: "Trento".
Performances at UFWOC Benefit in Sunnyside, Washington19721/1379Tomás Ybarra-Frausto and man in sombrero perform inLas dos caras del patroncito1972 1/1380Men and women perform on stage with United Farm Workers flag1972 1/1381-83Men and women perform on stage in front of Teatro de Piojo sign1972 Performances at Washington State Penitentiary in Walla Walla, Washingtonundated1/1484Contact sheet containing 36 images of El Teatro del Piojo performance at Washington State Penitentiary in Walla Walla, WashingtonundatedNote on verso: "#44, Salazar".
1/1485Contact sheet containing 36 images of El Teatro del Piojo performance at Washington State Penitentiary in Walla Walla, WashingtonundatedNote on verso: "#45, Salazar".
1/1486Image 16: men and women seatedundated Outdoor Performancesundated1/1587Tomás Ybarra-Frausto, wearing a "Patron" sign, and man in sombrero perform inLas dos caras del patroncitoundated 1/1588Tomás Ybarra-Frausto and man with sunglasses stand near stageundated Rehearsalsundated1/1689Contact sheet containing 34 images of El Teatro del Piojo rehearsal with Tomás Ybarra-FraustoundatedJohn A. Moore, Office of Information Services, University of Washington, No. M-13997 1/1690Contact sheet containing 30 images of El Teatro del Piojo rehearsal including portraits of Tomás Ybarra-FraustoundatedJohn A. Moore, Office of Information Services, University of Washington, No. M-13998 Performances at Ethnic Cultural Theatre at University of Washington in Seattle, Washingtonundated1/1791Performers in costumes hold up scarvesundated 1/1792Tomás Ybarra-Frausto, wearing a "Patron" sign, and others perform inLas dos caras del patroncitoundated 1/1793Tomás Ybarra-Frausto performs inLas dos caras del patroncitoundated 1/1794Spotlit woman kneels holding book on stageundated 1/1795Performers in yellow capes sit and stand in front of banner reading "Reflexiones de la Raza"undatedNote on verso: "Frank & Estela Martinez".
Performances in unknown venue with solid backgroundundated1/1896-110Performers on stageundated 1/18111Men in sound boothundated Performances in unknown venue with curtained backgroundundated1/19112Performers in military costume with sign reading "Chale con el Draft"undated 1/19113Women kneels next to man lying downundated 1/19114Two women kneel in front of "Casita" set with sign reading "Miguel Aceves Mejia"undated 1/19115Tomás Ybarra-Frausto speaks on stage wearing sombrero and vestundated 1/19116Tomás Ybarra-Frausto speaks on stage wearing denim jacketundated 1/19117El Teatro del Piojo members sit in a circle playing instruments and singingundated 1/19118El Teatro del Piojo members pose with United Farm Workers Flagundated 1/20119Performer wearing dark robe, sombrero, and skeleton mask holding a gunundated 1/20120Performer drinking from a bottle while another performer in military costume looks onundated 1/20121Women in dark clothing stand in a circle with arms raisedundated 1/20122Man creates a sign with the word "Charlie"undated People1/21123Jose Correa, Antonio Salazar, Eron Maltos and Jesus Lemos1969Notes on verso: "UMAS + Huelga banner, Daily 1/28/69 p. 11", "left to right: Jose Correa, Antonio Salazar, Eron Maltos, Jesus Lemos".
This image accompanied an article about the United Mexican-American Students group in the UW student publicationThe Dailyon January 28, 1969.
1/21124Two women and a man in front of a car1969 1/21125Four people pose on a lawn1969 1/21126Three men at U.S. Penitentiary on McNeil Island in Steilacoom, Washington1970 1/21127Jimmie Flores and Sally Cantu at U.S. Penitentiary on McNeil Island in Steilacoom, Washington1970Notes on verso: "Jimmie Flores & Sally Cantu (Carnala)", "Sally: you bring the beauty in this picture. I'm just there. Smile.", "Taken at McNeil Island, 'Mash' anniversary. Feb. 21, Sun. 1971", "My home add. in L.A. Jimmie G. Flores, 738 La Verne Ave. East L.A. Cal. 90022, 'The Shadow Of Your Smile' remember that song?".
1/21128Eddie Chavez, Pelon Robles, Sally Cantu, Jimmy "Hick" Flores, and Tacheula Alvarez at U.S. Penitentiary on McNeil Island in Steilacoom, Washington1971Notes on verso: "Los Vatos de 'Maravilla'", "L. to R., Eddie Chavez, Pelon Robles, Sally Cantu, Jimmy 'Hick' Flores, Tacheula Alvarez", "Dec. 11th 71, You're surrounded by a whole lot of bad guys I'm only kidding (Simply overtaken by passion of hate)."
1/21129-131Children and workers in a field1971 1/22132Roberto Maestas speaking at a gathering of young peoplecirca 1973Brian HaughtonThis gathering is likely related to a sit-in on April 5, 1973 in the Mayor's office in Seattle, Washington. Maestas organized the sit-in in an attempt to compel Seattle Mayor Wes Uhlman to sign leases to establish a Chicano ethnic center at the old Beacon Hill School.
1/22133Portrait of Antonia CastañedaundatedTogether with Tomás Ybarra-Frausto and Joseph Sommers, Castañeda edited the bookChicano literature, text and context, published in 1972.
1/22134Portrait of Joseph SommersundatedTogether with Tomás Ybarra-Frausto, Sommers edited the bookModern Chicano writers : a collection of critical essays, published in 1979.
1/22135Tomás Ybarra-Frausto speaking in front of AFL-CIO Seattle flagundated 1/23136-137Residents of Lander Hall, Chicano House at University of Washington in Seattle, Washingtonundated 1/24138-142Groups of young people outdoorsundated 1/24143Man standing in front of fireplace with "El Teatro Campesino" poster on wallundatedEl Teatro Campesino, "Farmworkers' Theater", is a theater company whose mission is to dramatize the plight and cause of farmworkers.
1/24144Woman with name tag reading "Martinez" outdoors with two other young peopleundated 1/24145Two men in conversation with woman in the backgroundundated 1/25146Color poster (slide)1979This item does not appear to be in CONTENTdm, so the link was removed.
Poster reads: "Comunismo no es crear conciencia con el dinero sino crear riqueza con la conciencia. 1868-1968. Cien anos de lucha. 28 de Sept. Octavo aniversario de los CDR". English translation: "Communism is not the money to create awareness but to create wealth consciousness. 1868-1968. Hundred years of struggle. Sept 28. Eighth anniversary of the CDR".
Comités de Defensa de la Revolución (CDR), or Committees for the Defense of the Revolution, was established by Fidel Castro on September 28, 1960 to promote social welfare and allow Cuban citizens to report "counter-revolutionary" activity.