Describing Archives: A Content Standard

Seattle, WA 98195

Finding aid written in English.Finding aid based on DACS (Describing Archives: A Content Standard).University of Washington Libraries, Special CollectionsPH0002Thompson, John W.John W. Thompson photographs1953-19550.74 cubic feet (2 boxes containing 292 photographic prints)Collection materials are in English.Photographs documenting individuals and activities of a variety of Native American tribes in Washington and in Oregon

John W. Thompson was a Seattle field botanist and teacher. As a botanist, he was particularly interested in native plants and their uses. He had one of the most robust botanical library and private herbarium in the Pacific Northwest. Thompson donated his herbarium and library to the University of Washington Department of Botany. Following his retirement, Thompson created a second career as a photographer of Pacific Northwest subjects and sold slide sets for teaching. He died in 1978.

The images represent a variety of Native American tribes in Washington and in Oregon including Nez Perce, Yakima, Toppenish, Umatilla, Cayuse, Chehalis, Makah, Quillayute, Spokane, Lummi and Duwamish. Activities depicted include: Root Fest (Rock Creek); 4th of July (encampment at Nespelem); Ellensburg Rodeo; Pendleton Roundup; Toppenish Pow-wow; Celilo Salmon Fest; Macah [Makah] Day (Neah Bay); activities on the Quinault, Calispel, Colville, Spokane, Lummi, Tulalip Reservations (basket making, erecting tepee, sweat baths, etc.); fishing activities, (dip netting, fish traps, gillnetting). All 1953-1955.

The collection is open to the public.

Request at UW

Restrictions may exist on reproduction, quotation, or publication. Contact Special Collections, University of Washington Libraries for details.

The collection represents a merger of two acquisitions. One set of photographs was acquired (source unknown) circa 1955; a second set was donated by the King County Library System in 1986. Eleven photographs transferred from PH564, 2021. These eleven photographs and others totaling 67 prints were originally purchased from Thompson on February 16, 1955.

Photographic printsVisual Materials Collections (University of Washington)PhotographsNative AmericansWashington (State)Oregon

11Long House, or ceremonial tent, of the Rock Creek people12Native American women preparing the fresh fish for the Root feast13Group of Rock Creek women and children on the way to the feast14Quartette of Rock Creek girls15Six Rock Creek women: left to right: Maggie Jim, Juanita George, Mrs. Oscar Billy, Louise Billy, Agnes Billy16Inside the Long House with Jack George and Chief Oscar Billy, standing17Visitor from another reservation on bench outside of Long House18Four important visitors at the feast: l to r: Kelly George, Lee Wachawitt, Watson Totus, George Gibson19Visitors all entering the one small entrance to the feast inside110Isaac Smartlowet, a paralytic confined to a whee chair111Assembly of men and women in front of tent and chief to await his dismissal. Oscar Billy stands at exit on left112Native American encampment at Nespelem113Elija Williams, Nez Perce, stands in front of his tepee in full regalia114Elija Williams in a close up115Harry Owhi who is the secretary of the Colville Council116Native American women preparing the feast on the floor of the long house at Nespelem117Kamiakin standing to the left is talking to the assembly. By him stands Harry Nanamkin, official interpreter.118Harry Nanamkin translating the speech of Cleveland Kamiakin.119View of crowd during the time Kamiakin is talking.120Nespelem feast. In foreground is Ann George pouring coffee to those eating.121Memory trail at Ellensburg Rodeo. Procession is led by Aluina George.122Jim Weaseltaile holding hand drum with wife and children. Yakima Tribe.123Jim Weaseltaile beating a hand drum124Louise Weaseltaile and Vesta Jim all dressed up in their finery.125An array of moccasin patterns, Yakima tribe.126Wanda Dick, Yakima girl.127Wanda Dick, Mounted at left with grandmother, ready for parade.128Pauline Wahsise, Indian Princess at Ellensburg Rodeo, 1953. Yakima Tribe.129Sally Dick catching up with her moccasin repairs. Yakima Tribe.130Celia Totus, wife of Bert Totus, famous for her bead work.131Mrs. Kelly George in center, and daughter Aluina on her right and daughter Elsia on her left. Yakima Tribe.132Aluina George133Aluina George, mounted on horseback.134Elsie George.135Richard George.136Richard George.137Donnie Sampson. Yakima Tribe.138Jerry Sampson, son of Donnie Sampson.139Mrs. Kelly George . Yakima Tribe.140Anita Totus. Kelly George in the back left.141Anita Totus. Yakima Tribe.142Gilbert Onepenee, wife and young daughter. Yakima Tribe.143Ellen and Nellie Onepennee ready for the parade. Yakima Tribe.144Ellen and Nellie Onepennee, daughters of Gilbert.145Gilbert Onepenne oldest girl.146Dolores Harrison, granddaughter of Chief Thomas Yallup.147Mrs. Ned Dick ready to join the parade. Yakima Tribe.148Watson Totus ("Buster"). Yakima Tribe.149Watson Totus.150Charley Telekist holding banner . Yakima Tribe.151Charley Telekist riding his favorite horse.152Camp at Ellensburg all ready to move. Yakima Tribe.153Leaving the camp to join in the parade. Yakima Tribe.154Hugh war drum being held by several drummers.155Dancers - Frank and Pat Stevens. Yakima Tribe.156War drum on the ground. Two little dancers on the right.157Johnson Meninick ready for the big dance.158Little war dance. Ellensburg Rodeo. 1953.159Mrs. Elsie Pistolhead, Mrs. Wesley and Mrs. Ida Sloway escorting their children to arena.160Dancers at Toppenish waiting for their cue.161Camp at Toppenish, Fourth of July, 1953.162Camp early morn, Toppenish. 1953.163Parley between chiefs, Toppenish, 1953, near sundown.164Vivian Meminick of Granger at Toppenish celebration, 1953.165Calvin Meninick, brother of Vivian, Toppenish, 1953.166Willie Waters and wife, Toppenish. Yakima Tribe.167Waiting for parade to start, Toppenish, 1953.168Jeanette Wesley.169Mary Ann Sulatsee, 1953 Toppenish princess, neice of Alex Sulatsee.170Rosalie Phillips ready for parade at Toppenish celebration, 1953.171Sloway sisters with Bernice Bill in center visiting Indian princesses from Pendleton at Toppenish, July 4, 1953.172Louis Crow. Yakima Tribe. July 4, 1953.173Arlene Wesley, Wapato Celebration, Labor Day, 1953.174Yvonne Musmusto, Yakima Indian Princess.175Jim Looney and Job Charley, Yakima Tribe. 1953.176Yakima NAtive Americans. On left is Harry Beaver. 1953.177Weary woman and child. Toppenish. 1953.178Camp, Pendleton. 1953.179Summer tepee of woven mats . Pendleton, 1953.180Mrs. William Jones doing beadwork in tepee at Pendleton Camp. Umatilla Tribe. 1953.181Tom Johnson, Umatilla Tribe directing dancing at Pendleton, 1953.182Pendleton Queen of 1953 and her court.183Queen Diana McKay of the 1953 Pendleton Roundup and Princess Yvonne Scott.184Bernice Bill, Umatilla Tribe.185Bernice Bill. Pendleton Roundup. 1953.186Phillip Bill, Father of Bernice. Umatilla Tribe.187Phillip Bill, Umatilla Tribe.188Clarence Burke, head man of the Umatilla Reservation at Pendleton Roundup. 1953.189Mrs. George Gibson, George Gibson and Albert Williams. Pendleton Roundup. 1953.190Albert Williams at Pendleton. 1953.191Albert Williams.192Harry George, Cayuse Tribe.193Rosa Spencer, winner of the Indian Beauty Contest, Pendleton, 1953.194Josephine Cornoyer, Nez Perce. Pendleton. 1953.195Josephine Cornoyer, Nez Perce. Pendleton. 1953.196Josephine Cornoyer, Nez Perce. Pendleton. 1953.197Mrs. Annie Johnson. Pendleton. 1953.198Mrs. Sylvester Minthorn and Baby.199Mrs. Florine Burke of Pilot Rock. Umatilla Tribe.1100Thomas Lawton. Pendleton. 1953.1101Mrs. William Burke, Umatilla Tribe. on way to join the parade. Pendleton. 1953.1102Daughters of Mrs. William Burke.1103Daughters of the Mrs. Burke.1104Oldest tepee in the Northwest.1105Baskets of Yakima Indians on a parade float at Toppenish. 1953.1106Thomas Charles, Chief Pah-Ha-Pat. Wasco Tribe.1107Remnant of the Chehalis Native Americans, about 20 left, Eileen Smith, Rena and Tommy Heck.1108Typical home of Native Americans in low income, Chehalis Reservation near Oakville.1109Bay Center. Bessie Pickernell skilled in basket making.1110Bessie Pickernell working on a basket.1111Basket display of unsold baskets of Bessie Pickernell.1112Calispel Reservation. Three boy dancers in regalia.1114Mrs Nick Sivonem. She wears a genuine coastal rain hat, the suit and handbag are Yakima and the baskets are mostly coastal. Quinault Reservation.1116Totem pole carvings at Queets.1117Hicks boys dipping for smelt at Queets. Their boats are cedar dugouts.1118Taft Williams of Queets working on a new cedar dugout.1121Mrs. Mary Williams at Queets makes baskets and beadwork.1122Hazel Underwood of Taholah working on a new basket.1123Mattie Howiattle, perhaps oldest Native American at Taholah working on a basket.1125Peter Kowoosh, Queets old timer displays his baskets, also wooden plate and carved image.1127Typical family at Taholah, Bob Underwood and four of their children.1129Primary grades at Taholah with their well liked Black teacher.1130Ted Strom, Native American Marshall of the Quinault Reservation and his Nez Perce wife Lillian; Leon and Ted, Jr. are the large boys, then Larry and Sheila.1131As one enters La Push, the town on the Quillayute Reservation these totems are on the left hand side of the road. Middle figure is the Quillayute form of the Thunderbird.1132Quillayutes, as well as the Makahs, hunted the whale. Here William Penn displays some whale relics remaining at La Push.1133Agnes Penn, Williams wife, makes exquisite baskets, and they pose by her display. The vase shaped one in the center is very old and was used to cook food in by dropping in red hot rocks.1135Here a fine mesh net has been thrown around the school of smelt near the mouth of the Quillayute River at La Push.1136Final act of emptying the net into the cedar dugouts. The Steve Penn family at La Push.1137Net is being hauled back into the boat, flipped up and down to throw out any debris it picked up in the smelt drag. Steve Penn family at La Push.1139With a few deft strokes of his knife, Walter Bennett removes the head, tail and backbone of the salmon.1140With a quick rinse in the salt water the huge salmon is now dressed and when opened up becomes a big flat slab of fish.1141A cedar stick is split part way down and the fish is pushed down into the split part and tied so it cannot slip out. Steve Penn family at La Push.1142Smaller cedar splits are inserted crosswise of the bigger one and these serve to hold the fish flat open. La Push.1143Flat side of the salmon is placed before a hot fire.1145Mrs. Donald Catli and little Marcelina visiting from Hadlock.1147Two Makah girls with head bands contrasted: Jean Thomas with a head band made of sea shells and Celia Ides with one made of beads. Neah Bay, Makah Reservation.1148Mary Green, Makah dancer.1149Mary Green, close up to show shell work on her regalia.1150Carol Hunter, Makah girl in a beautiful shawl.1153Mrs. Ernest Millholland and children pose on the beach Neah Bay during Macah [Makah] Days.1156Close up of the salmon baking for the Makah Day feast at Neah Bay.1157William Penn and Paul Martin display whaling equipment at Neah Bay.1158Paul Martin and William Penn show the seal hunting equipment still in use.1159Charley Swan is perhaps the best known Makah Native American. Here he poses with his wife Ruth and 7 of his grandchildren.1160Close up of Charley Swan showing Makah design on the hand drum.1161Charley Swan showing full length regalia worn at Neah Bay during Macah [Makah] Day.1162Charley Swan in the "cannibal regalia" . His granddaughter, Paulette Daniels, holds two large war whistles. The shawl shows Makah art.1163Charley Swan wearing the Thunderbird regalia.1164Close up of Swan in the Thunderbird Headdress. Neah Bay.1165Swan wearing the wolf mask, Makah, Neah Bay.1166Close up of Charley Swan in wolf mask, Makah, Neah Bay.1167Charley Swan and granddaughter Paulette Daniels with face masks used in ceremonial of the Makahs.1168Nora Barker showing full length of her Makah regalia, Neah Bay.1170Ralph La Chester and Emma Jimmicum in Makah regalia and by totem pole made by Ralph. Emma wears the regalia for the Thunderbird dance.1172Ralph La Chester and Emma Jimmicum in Makah regalia worn during the Macah [Makah] Day ceremonies at Neah Bay.1173Emma Jimmicum with Thunderbird cloak spread out to show the Makah art design.1175Close up of Emma Jimmicum in her Thunderbird regalia, Makah, Neah Bay.1176Emma Jimmicum, Ralph La Chester behind the mask and Nora Barker show off the "Mask that changes shape" by the wearer merely by pulling the string.1179Swinomish reservation at La Conner. Swinomish Native Americans at the end of church service. Father Harknet in back row.1180Tommy Bob, Swinomish Native American and his son show the magic, or sgudilatc, sticks by which he claims he can cure the sick and confuse his enemies.1181Tommy Bob, Swinomish at La Conner, beating on the drum to invoke the spirit that controls the power of the sgudilatc or magic sticks.1183Tandy Wilbur family at La Conner.1186Swinomish Native Americans are permitted by treaty to maintain two fish traps. Here is a trap and Joseph Joe who guards the traps day and night.1187Overview of the net labyrinth stretching away to the shore. La Conner.1188Opening the trap with the help of Ray Paul and David John, Swinomish Reservation.1189Lifting the bottom of the trap to push the contents to a narrow area on the far side. The birds caught in the trap a Grebes, and since they eat fish, the Native Americans proceed to club them to death.1190A big skate is being hauled up.1191The trap contained flounder, soles, salmon, crabs and skates. . Here the scow is leaving.1192Here Joseph Joe is distributing fish too small to sell at the cannery in La Conner.1193Colville Reservation. Picture of Chief William Cleveland Kamiakin.1194Mrs. Madeline Covington, a highly respected woman on the Colville Reservation.1195Minnie Yellow Wolf claims to be the last survivor of the Nez Perce War of 1877 under Chief Joseph, now living near Nespelem on the Colville Reservation.1196Elija Williams and family. He is Nez Perce and was related to Yellow Wolf under Chief Joseph. Colville Reservation, Nespelem.1197Joe Red Thunder and his two sons dressed for war dances. Colville Reservation.1198George Nanamkin and his little daughter by their tepee during the circle camp at Nespelem. He is the official interpreter at the Indian agency, Nespelem.1199George Nanamkin alone by his tepee.1200George Nanamkin's little girl alone by the tepee. Colville Reservation.2201George Nanamkin and Clara Moore, at the home of the matter, who makes dolls out of buckskin.2202George Nanamkin on a trick horse, Clara Moore, the doll maker standing, a part Native American baby on a board hanging from the porch post in the background. Colville Reservation, Nespelem.2203Clara Moore and her collection of dolls.2205Same part Native American baby as in 204.2207Mrs. Louise Arcasa and her Native American regalia with the pet fawn.2208Colville woman digging bitterroot.2209Harry Owhi in his every day dress. Nespelem.2210Harry Owhi in his Native American regalia and hunting rifle in buckskin case.2212Frank and Tom Andrews in their Native American regalia at Nespelem.2214Harvey Moses' father, mother, wife and little girl in Native American regalia. Nespelem.2217Mrs. Etta Cox, daughter Inez and son Wilhelm pose by their summer tepee. Wellpinit, Spokane Reservation.2218Close up of Inez Cox. Spokane Native American.2219Close up of Wilhelm Cox, Spokane Reservation.2221Tulalip Reservation. Widow of Chief John Shelton and his daughter, Harriett Shelton Dover. They are standing near a totem pole carved by the late chief.2223Totem poles carved by the late Chief Shelton2224Grave of the late Chief John Shelton, the grave is marked by a huge boulder from his former yard. In Tulalip cemetery.2225Grave of Chief Patkanim at Tulalip.2226Last remaining old smoke house at Tulalip.2227Interior of old smoke house at Tulalip.2228Celilo, meeting place of the Native Americans. This shows some of the temporary homes.2229Hand drum players at the dancing that follow the salmon feast at Celilo.2230Five of the Native American boys pause in their war dance for their picture.2231Then the boys turn around to be photographed from the rear.2232Salmon feast itself.2233Two little girls waiting outside the long house at the salmon feast, Celilo.2235Clarence Burke, Head Chief of the Umatillas, will lead the parade. Mounted on his horse.2236Mrs. Emma Luton, Beverly Strong and Bonnie Joy Burke are ready to join the parade.2238Jennie Wesley, Yakima Native American Doing needle bead work in her tepee, Toppenish.2239Longhouse at Toppenish,2240Elsie George, one of the Indian Princesses of 1954 on her horse near their ranch on the Ahtanum, Yakima Reservation.2241Close-up of Elsie George on her horse.2243Elvina George, Kelly oldest girl, on her horse near their ranch. Yakima Tribe.2244Kelly George family poses for the photographer in a picture entitles :The Land They Lost", as they look out over the fruitful Yakima Valley, with the smoke of the Yakima in the background.2245Kelly George Family near their ranch on the Ahtanum.2248Elsie and Elvina George. Yakima Tribe.2250Mrs. Flora Onepennee and her seventh and youngest baby Virginia. Yakima Tribe.2252Full length view of Rosalie and her first born, Annie May. Yakima Tribe.2254Six Yakima boys in dance regalia at Cleveland near Bickleton.22554 Yakima beauties in full regalia: Yvonne Musmusto, Arlene Wesley, Jeanette Wesley, Helen Miller22574 Yakima girls in regalia: Jeanette Wesley, Helen Miller, Lavia Colwash, Pauline Phillips.2259The 1955 Pow-Wow royalty at Pendleton on their mounts: Princess Hazel Corbett, Theresa Ambrose Queen, and Princess Yvonne Musmusto2261The Meninick children have just won the girl-boy dance at the Toppenish birthday celebration. Yakima Tribe.2262Two Yakima children pose in their first regalia: Cynthia Paul and Richard Quiempts.2264Mrs. Watson Totus on her horse at the Toppenish Pow-Wow parade.2265Pauline Wahsise, 1953 Princess at the Ellensburg Rodeo. Yakima Tribe.2267Close up of Jennie Wesley mounted on her horse.2269Full length of Jeanette Wesley, Yakima beauty, once queen of the Pow-Wow.2270Wysookie and her brother stand in front of a tepee at the fishing grounds at the Parker Dam.2273Yakima girls picking Huckleberries near "Potato Hill".2275Close up of Sally Dick's hands as she picks huckleberries.2277Daniel Sampson and Junior Bill have just won the prize in the "Little War Dance". Yakima Tribe.2278Delores Harrison, 1954 Pow-Wow Queen on her charger. Yakima Tribe.2280Full length of Yvonne Musmusto taken at the photographers house. Yakima Tribe.2281Mary Ann Seelatsee, Pow-Wow Queen of 1953, attends the Toppenish Birthday celebration.2282Arlene Wesley, Miss Indian America for 1954. Yakima Tribe.2284Nancy McJoe and her baby at Toppenish. Yakima Tribe.2285Jeanette Wesley and her foster mother by the old tepee at Toppenish. Yakima Tribe2287Charley Speedis, artist. Yakima Tribe..2288Vivian Speedis, Yakima beauty in her regalia. Yakima Tribe.2290Dennison Sam, Navaho, at present with the Yakimas.2292Eagle Seelatsee, Chief of the Yakimas, in full dress at Toppenish.22953 Yakima chiefs at the White Swan New Year's celebration: The late Chief Looney, Walter Cloud, and Charley Telekist.2296Louis Crow. Yakima Tribe.2297Jonnie Buck, one of the dying out tribe at Priest Rapids, attends the celebration at White Swan. Yakima Tribe.2298Chief Job Charley poses at the end of the Toppenish Parade.2299Full length of Job Charley by his tepee at Toppenish Pow-wow.2300Chief Oscar Billy, Wife Lucy and Little Eagle Looney by their tepee at White Swan. Yakima Tribe.2301Watson Totus and wife, ready for the parade at Toppenish.2302The Late Jim Looney.2303Alex Saluskin, Secretary of the Yakima Indian Council in full regalia.2304Village of tepees at the Toppenish Pow-Wow, 1954.2305Yakima Indian Council in session.2306Yakima Indian court in session.2307Maggie Jim preparing bitterroot to cook. Yakima Tribe.2308Close up of peeling the outer rind of the bitterroots.2309These fish have been air dried in the shade.2313Fishing with a huge fish net.2314An Native American boy, Nelson Onepennee, is heating the rocks for a sweat bath.2315Nelson is now transferring the hot rocks to inside the small dome-shaped sweat house.2316Nelson is now inside the small dome-shaped sweat bath.2317Nelson caught in the act of plunging into the water.2318Lummi Reservation near Marietta. Shows the Barber's Hand Weaving Shop.2321Al Charles poses in a mask while Sharon Woodruff holds a bird mask.2322Collection of the masks of the Lummi2323More masks, with Al Charles, wife and Mary holding the ceremonial drums.2324Another view of the masks of the Lummi2325Close of the largest of the Lummi masks worn by Al Charles2326Ray Wesley and his two smaller cousins in their regalia at Marietta.2327This is a model of the ancient smoke house of the coastal Native Americans. In the foreground are two miniature cedar dugouts with a net between them, used in reef netting.2328Closer view of the model.2329Close up of the model.2330One side of the roof of the model is removed showing inside structure.2332Mrs. Solomon and most of her big family.2333Totem pole carved by Joe Hillaire perhaps with the help of his son Lewis.2334Lewis Hillaire and his wife Helen stand near the totem pole.2335Joe Hillaire is showing two of his grandchildren how Native Americans carve out a cedar log for a canoe.2336Joe Hillaire, his son Lewis and the latter's family stand by some cedar dugouts on the Lummi Beach.2337Mrs. Balch shown with two of her great grand children.2339Mrs. Balch and a whole host of descendants.2340Mrs. Balch's family in regalia.2341Gilbert and Flora Onepennee show how to put up a tepee.2342Three poles are raised to form a tripod.2343Add the other poles to form the main framework, leaning the additional ones against the original tripod.2344Tie the covering the right distance to a pole.2345Raise the pole with the covering.2346Bring the sides of the cover loosely around toward the front.2347Insert the two poles into the flaps that open and close at the top.2348Finish bringing the two sides together in front and button them up beginning at the top.2349Secure the front with pegs driven into the ground, and spread the poles until the cover is fairly tight.2351Joan Onepennee on her pony.2352Wysookie Wynookie gives at feast of thanks.2353Wysookie Wynookie guests.2356Two little dancers. Only picture so far of Duwamish Native Americans.2357Andrew Joe in his old regalia in which he danced.2358Sam Tilden, Nez Perce visitor at Pendleton.2360Celilo Falls, sacred spot for the Native Americans for centuries.2361Closer view of the fishing area, Celilo Falls.2362Sweeping the rapids at Celilo Falls with a dip net.2363Overhead cables, carries fishermen out to the islands among the Celilo Falls.2364Closeup of netting a big chinook salmon, Celilo Falls.2365Big salmon landed at Celilo Falls.2366Overview of the fishing area, fishermen on precarious little scaffolds.2367Each year Celilo has the salmon feast and dances. This is the war drummers.2368Old Tommy Thompson, head chieftain at Celilo for many years, now 99 years old.2369During dancing, Tommy Thompson and wife Flora, pose for their pictures.2370Near close of Celilo dances, Tommy Thompson, son Henry and Grandson Davis, pose.2371Salmon baking in a circle proceeding the salmon feast itself at Celilo.2374Dance scenes at Celilo during the salmon feast.2375Little War Dance, Celilo Salmon Feast celebration.2376Owl dance, in which men and women dance in pairs, Celilo Falls, Salmon Feast.2377Camp, Pendleton Roundup2378Tom Johnson, now deceased, Director of the Indian dances at Pendleton.2379William Oregon Jones, important chief of the Umatillas, Pendleton.2380Lelooska, Cherokee visitor at Pendleton, in his outfit, face painted red and black.2381Close up of Lelooska.2382 - 392Pictographs along Columbia River

Typed on verso: Along the Columbia River occur numerous pictographs of which no one knows their origin or purpose. They are particularly abundant on the west bank of the Columbia River just north of Vantage. They are inaccessible except when the river is quite low, and when the Priest Rapids Dam is built below there, the pictographs will be permanently submerged. There are 11 pictures in the series, A to K. 1A, 1E, 1H, and 1K are the choicest.

2393Three Yakama women standing near boundary sign warning not to enter Yakima Reservation land

Typed on verso: Entrance to the Yakima Indian Reservation, restricted area, only such area in the State of Washington, aside from certain military camps. Handwritten on verso: Yakima Indian Reservation Marker. Barriers prevent all except Indians from much of the reservation and passes are required to enter.