University of Washington Libraries, Special CollectionsPH1150Beals, Walter B.Walter Beals
Nuremberg Trials photograph collection1946-1947223 black-and-white photographs,
1 negative (2 boxes) ; various sizesCollection materials are in
English.Photographs of
United States of America v. Karl Brandt, et al. (the first Subsequent Nuremberg
Trial), United States of America vs. Erhard Milch (the second Subsequent
Nuremberg Trial), and people involved with some of the Subsequent Nuremberg
Trials.Walter Burges Beals was born in St. Paul, Minnesota in 1876. Beals's
family traveled west in 1897, and Beals enrolled in the newly founded
University of Washington Law School; he and his future wife Othilia Carroll
were members of the first graduating class of the school in 1901.
Beals served as a military officer in France during World War I and
afterwards helped organize and found the American Legion. His legal career
flourished in the 1920s, and in 1926, he accepted a position as judge of the
Superior Court of King County. Beals became a member of the Washington State
Supreme Court in 1928, a position he held until his retirement in 1950, twice
holding the position of Chief Justice. Beals is perhaps best known for his
work, in 1946-1947, as Presiding Judge at the International Military Tribunal
in Nuremburg, the Nazi war trial known as the "Doctors' Trial."
Walter Beals was an avid collector of books, manuscripts, such as
liturgical and religious manuscripts, and signatures, particularly those of
European royalty. Beals also began creating albums as a young man, a hobby he
continued throughout his life, collecting and soliciting signatures,
manuscripts and other materials which he would mount on paper or vellum and
bind into albums, often with leather covers. In his time, Beals was considered
the greatest private collector of manuscripts and books in the Pacific
Northwest.
The "Doctors' Trial" or "Medical Case" ( United
States of America v. Karl Brandt, et al. ) was the first of 12 trials
known as the "Subsequent Nuremberg Trials". Arraignment and indictment was held
on November 21, 1946, with the accused facing four charges, including:
- Conspiracy to commit war crimes and crimes against
humanity;
- War crimes, namely, being knowingly connected to and/or
performing "medical experiments without the subjects' consent [...] in the
course of which experiments the defendants committed murders, brutalities,
cruelties, tortures, atrocities, and other inhuman acts";
- Crimes against humanity: committing crimes described under
count 2 also on German nationals;
- Membership in a criminal organization (the SS).
All defendants entered a "not guilty" plea.
The trial began on December 9, 1946, and lasted until August 20, 1947.
Eighty-four witnesses testified at the trial. Of the 23 defendants, seven
(Blome, Pokorny, Romberg, Rostock, Ruff, Schäfer, and Weltz) were acquitted,
and seven (Brack, Karl and Rudolf Brandt, Gebhardt, Hoven, Mrugowsky, and
Sievers) received death sentences; the remainder received prison sentences
ranging from 10 years to life imprisonment.
Photographs of United States of America v. Karl
Brandt, et al. (the first Subsequent Nuremberg Trial),
United States of America vs. Erhard Milch (the
second Subsequent Nuremberg Trial), and people involved with some of the
Subsequent Nuremberg Trials. Some of the photographs have notes handwritten by
Judge Beals. Many of the photographs are accompanied by captions typed on
separate pieces of paper.
Entire collection can be viewed on the Libraries’ Digital Collections website. Permission of Visual Materials Curator is required to view originals. Contact Special Collections for more information.
Restrictions may exist on reproduction, quotation, or publication.
Contact Special Collections, University of Washington Libraries for
details.
Donated by Mrs. W. B. Beals, 1960.
Processed by Beck Prigot, 2015; processing completed in 2016.
Photographs were relocated from the Walter B. Beals Papers,
1946-1950, Mss Accession No. 0126-001, in the repository in 2015.
Correspondence, reports, writings, notes, trial transcripts, and other
material documenting Judge Beals' work as a judge at the Nuremberg Military
Tribunal war crime trials can be found in the Walter B. Beals papers,
1946-1950, Mss Accession No. 0126-001.
Beals, Walter B.--ArchivesBeals, Walter B.--PhotographsSebring, Harold L. (Harold Leon), 1898-1968--PhotographsCrawford, Johnson T., 1889-1955--PhotographsSwearingen, Victor C.--PhotographsErvin, Thomas E.--PhotographsHardy, Alexander G.--PhotographsMcHaney, James M., -1995--PhotographsTaylor, Telford--PhotographsBrandt, Karl, 1904-1948--PhotographsHandloser, Siegfried, 1895-1954--PhotographsBeiglböck, Wilhelm, 1905-1963--PhotographsGermany (Territory under Allied occupation, 1945-1955 : U.S. Zone). Office of Military Government. Office, Chief of Counsel for War CrimesGermany (Territory under Allied occupation, 1945-1955 : U.S. Zone). Office of Military Government. Office, Chief of Counsel for War CrimesNuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949--PhotographsWar crime trials--Germany--Nuremberg--PhotographsPhotographsVisual Materials Collections (University of Washington)Civil Procedure and CourtsCivil RightsPolitics and PoliticiansInternational RelationsPhotographs
Judges1/11Judges of the Subsequent Nuremberg
Trialscirca 1945-1948Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army People in photo: (front row, left to right) Daniel T. O'Connell,
F. Donald Phillips, Harold L. Sebring, Charles B. Sears, Mallory B. Blair,
Walter B. Beals, James T. Brand, Charles F. Wennerstrum, Curtis G. Shake, Frank
N. Richman, Edward F. Carter, James Morris; (back row, left to right) Victor C.
Swearingen, Johnson T. Crawford, Michael A. Musmanno, John J. Speight, Justin
W. Harding, William C. Christianson, Richard D. Dixon, George J. Burke, Paul M.
Hebert, Clarence F. Merrill
1/1 2-3Judge Johnson T. Crawfordcirca 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/14-5Judge Harold L. Sebringcirca 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/16Judge Harold L. Sebring writing while
listening through headphonescirca 1946-1947 1/17Judge Victor C. Swearingencirca 1946-1947 1/18a-bJudge Walter B. Bealscirca 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 8a and 8b are different croppings of the same photograph.
Item 8a is signed by Judge Beals.
1/29-14Judges Sebring, Beals, Crawford, and
Swearingen sitting at the judges' benchcirca 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Items 9 and 10a are signed by Judge Beals.
1/215a-bJudges Sebring, Beals, Crawford, and
Swearingen sitting at the judges' bench as Telford Taylor speaks at the
speaker's podiumbetween November 5, 1946-August 20,
1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Item 15a is signed by Judge Beals.
1/316a-bJudges Sebring, Beals, Crawford, and
Swearingen sitting at the judges' bench, with men filming and photographing the
trial in the background December 9, 1946 Written on verso of 16a: Back to front: H. L. Sebring, Florida,
Judge. Walter B. Beals, Washington, Presiding Judge. J. L. Crawford - Oklahoma
- Judge. V. C. Swearingen, Michigan, Alternate.
Item 16a is signed by Judge Beals.
1/317Judges Sebring, Beals, and Crawford
listening to the trial through headphonesbetween November 5, 1946-August 20,
1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/318a-bJudges Sebring, Beals, Crawford, and
Swearingen, with court secretaries sitting in front of the judges'
benchbetween November 5, 1946-August 20,
1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Item 18a is signed by Judge Beals.
1/319-20Judges Sebring, Beals, Crawford, and
Swearingen, and court secretaries watching a man (possibly James M. McHaney)
give a speechDecember 9, 1946 Signed by Judge Beals.
1/321Judges Sebring, Beals, Crawford, and
Swearingen standing next to Colonel Raymund, BerlinOctober 30, 1946L. E. Bowlds 1/322Judges Sebring, Swearingen, Crawford,
and Beals sitting at a table, Berlincirca October 30, 1946L. E. Bowlds 1/323Nuremberg Military Tribunal judges and members of the
media eating a mealJanuary 29, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: OMGUS MILITARY TRIBUNAL & PALACE OF
JUSTICE. 29 January 1947 -- Judges of the Military Tribunals at [Nuremberg]
were host to ten American newspaper and radio editors touring Europe. Left to
right, along the wall, include: Erick Oberg of the Industrial Press; E. F.
Tompkins of Hearst Newspapers; Judge F. Donald Phillips; Virginius Dabney of
the Richmond (Va.,) Times Dispatch; Dwight Young, Dayton (Ohio) Journal Herald;
Judge Walter B. Beals; Coleman Harwell of the Nashville Tennessean; Gene
Gillett of United Press; Judge Harold L. Sebring and Frazier Hunt of Mutual
Broadcasting System; In immediate foreground are Col. Charles W. Mays, Marshal
of all Courts and Judge Robert M. Toms.
ProsecutionThomas E. ErvinMr. Ervin served as deputy to the Chief of Counsel during the
trial.
1/424Thomas E. Ervin writing at a deskcirca 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/425Thomas E. Ervin on the telephonecirca 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: MILITARY TRIBUNAL. Mr. Thomas E. Ervin, of
New York City, Deputy to the Chief of Counsel, Brig. Gen. Telford Taylor.
Alexander G. HardyMr. Hardy served as the chief of the tribunal's SS Division,
which was in charge of preparing the Medical Case.
1/526Alexander G. Hardy dialing the telephonecirca November 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: MILITARY TRIBUNAL. Mr. A. G. Hardy, Chief of
Medical Branch, SS Division.
1/527Alexander G. Hardy sitting at a deskcirca November 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/528Alexander G. Hardy at the speaker's podiumcirca 1946-1947 1/529Leo Alexander, Alexander G. Hardy, Arthur Keith Mant,
and Francois Baylecirca 1946-1947Raymond D'Addario,
Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Left to right: Dr. Leo Alexander,
Neurologist and psychiatrist of Boston, Mass., special scientific consultant to
Mr. Alexander G. Hardy, seated, also of Boston, and deputy in the medical
division of the Office of Chief of Counsel for War Crimes. They are associated
in their work with the prosecution of the twenty-three Nazi surgeons indicted
by the United States on charges of war crimes, now before Military Tribunal One
in [Nuremberg], with Major. A. Keith Mant of British Army, permanent delegate
of British commission in Germany for scientific war crimes and Lt. Comdr.
Francois Bayle, Medecin principal de la Marine, and also a permanent delegate
for the Frenck [sic] commission.
1/630Esther Jane Johnson formally appears as counsel for the
prosecutioncirca June 28, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army James M. McHaneyMr. McHaney served as chief prosecutor and director of the
tribunal's SS Division, which was in charge of preparing the Medical Case.
1/731-32Chief Prosecutor James M. McHaney at the speaker's
podiumbetween November 5, 1946-August 20, 1947 1/733James M. McHaney, Arnost Horlik-Hochwald, and a man at
the prosecution tablebetween November 5, 1946-August 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/734James M. McHaney on the telephonecirca 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: MILITARY TRIBUNAL. Mr. James McHaney, of
Little Rock, Ark., Director of the SS Division.
1/835Jack Robbins sitting at a deskcirca 1946-1947 Caption on verso: MILITARY TRIBUNAL. Mr. Jack Robbins, of
Denton, Texas, Legal Assistant to Gen. Taylor.
Telford Taylor1/936a-bBrigadier General Telford Taylor at the speaker's
podiumJune 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Written on photograph 36a: To Judge Walter Beals with every
good wish--Telford Taylor
Items 36a and 36b are different croppings of the same
photograph.
1/937Telford Taylor at the speaker's podium, James McHaney
in backgroundbetween November 5, 1946-August 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/938Telford Taylor and a man at the speaker's podium,
Arnost Horlik-Hochwald in backgroundbetween November 5, 1946-August 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/939-41Telford Taylor sitting at a deskcirca 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/942Telford Taylor looking at a documentcirca 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/943General view of courtroom as Telford Taylor speaks at
the speaker's podiumDecember 9, 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/944-45General view of courtroom as Telford Taylor speaks at
the speaker's podiumbetween November 5, 1946-August 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/1046Colonel Clarence L. Tomlinsonbefore December 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Colonel Tomlinson served as the Executive Officer for the Chief
Counsel until the end of 1946.
1/1047Helen Wahrenberger McNarney, Joseph T. McNarney, Telford
Taylor, Leo Alexander and James M. McHaney sitting at the prosecution
tableJanuary 27, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Scene at the prosecution table in Case One on
27 January 1947 when General Joseph T. McNarney attended proceedings. In rear,
left to right, Mrs. McNarney; General Joseph T. McNarney, Military Governor of
Germany and Brig. General Telford Taylor, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes. At
table, left, Dr. Leo Alexander of Boston, Mass., medical consultant for the
prosecution and James M. McHaney of Little Rock, Ark., U. S. prosecutor for the
case.
1/1048Members of the prosecution team sitting in the
courtroombetweem 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Witnesses1/1149Wolfgang Lutz sitting at the witness standDecember 12, 1946 Written on verso: Nurnberg, Germany, 10 December 1946. [
sic] The first witness for the prosecution before
Military Tribunal I. WBB. Wolfgang Lutz, physician, high altitude.
1/1150-51August Heinrich Vieweg sitting at the witness
standbetween December 13-16, 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso of item 51: OMGUS - MILITARY TRIBUNALS - CASE
ONE. Second witness: August Heinrich Vieweg, who testified that seawater
experiments were carried out on gypsies at Dachau during the war. He also
stated that he saw two or three stretchers, supposedly carrying bodies of
experimented victoms [sic], taken from the
experimentation room to the morgue.
1/1152August Heinrich Vieweg sitting at the witness stand
with Colonel Charles W. Mays sitting next to himbetween December 13-16, 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Written on verso: Witness. Col. Mays, marshal of court at
left.
1/1153Heinrich Wilhelm Stoehr sitting at the witness
standDecember 17, 1946 Caption on verso: OMGUS - MILITARY TRIBUNALS - CASE ONE. 5th
witness to appear before Tribunal No. 1 is Heinrich Wilhelm Stoehr, born 13
September 1904, a German national and Lacemaker by trade, who testified about
experiments conducted at Dachau.
1/1154Jadwiga Dzido and Leo Alexander standing at the
witness standDecember 20, 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/1155-56Leo Alexander pointing to scars on Jadwiga Dzido's
legDecember 20, 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/1157-58Leo Alexander testifying, with Maria Kuśmierczuk
sitting next to himDecember 20, 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/1259Ferdinand Roenhild sitting at the witness
standDecember 17, 1946 Caption on verso: OMGUS - MILITARY TRIBUNALS - CASE ONE.
Witness: Ferdinand Roenhild, Secretary to Dr. Waldemar Hoven in Buchenwald
Concentration Camp.
1/1260a-bOlga Eyer sitting at the witness standJanuary 15, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Witness: Olga Eyer, French citizen,
Secretary to Dr. Haagen at Strassbourg Institute.
Items 60a and 60b are different croppings of the same
photograph.
1/1261Walter Schmidt sitting at the witness
standJanuary 16, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Witness: Dr. Walter Schmidt, German
national, sentenced to life imprisonment by a German Court, for his part and
participation in the euthansia [sic] program while
a doctor at Eichberg Insane Asylum. He appeared on 16. Jan 47 as the 22nd
witness since beginning of Case One.
1/1262-63Fritz Mennecke sitting at the witness
standJanuary 17, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso of item 62: Witness: Dr. Fritz Mennecke,
Director of Eichberg Insane Asylum, as he appeared on the witness stand to be
the 23rd witness called since the start of Case I. He has been sentenced to
death for his part in the mercy killing program, by a German court.
1/1264Karl Hoellenrainer, flanked by military police, stands
before the barJune 27, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Hoellenrainer, a Romani man who was used as a test subject in
Wilhelm Beiglboeck's sea-water experiments, assaulted Beiglboeck during the
trial, and was sentenced to 90 days in the Nuremberg Prison for contempt. He
was released three weeks later after he apologized for his actions.
Witnesses for the
tribunal1/1365Walter Neff sitting at the witness standbetween December 17-18, 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: OMGUS - MILITARY TRIBUNALS - CASE ONE. Walter
Neff, former male nurse at Dachau, and now interned in the [Nuremberg] jail
because he is allegedly involved in medical experiments on human beings at that
camp, told the Tribunal that he was arrested in 1938 and taken into custody as
a political prisoner because he was instrumental in the arrest of two SS bomb
plotters in Austria in 1934. In 1940 he was taken into Dachau, and in the early
part of 1941 was assigned as a male nurse in the tuberculosis ward there. The
witness is 37-year-old and a German national.
DefenseKarl Brandt1/1466Karl Brandt being sworn in at witness
standbetween February 3-7, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Written on verso: Karl Brandt is sworn as a witness on his own
behalf
1/1467-69Karl Brandt sitting at witness standbetween February 3-7, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/1470Karl Brandt reading his personal statementJuly 19, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/1471Karl Brandt listening to his verdict and
sentenceAugust 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Witnesses1/1572Kurt Gutzeit sitting at the witness
standFebruary 6, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Witness: Prof. Kurt Gutzeit, Professor of
the Internal Medicine at the University of Breslau. He was 25th witness to
appear before the Tribunal since the opening of Case One.
1/1573a-bHans Heinrich Lammers sitting at the witness
standFebruary 7, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso of item 73a: Witness: Hans Heinrich
Lammers, Chief of the Reichs Chancellery. He was 26th witness to appear before
Tribunal No. 1 since the opening of the trial.
73a and 73b are different croppings of the same
photograph.
Siegfried Handloser1/1674-75Siegfried Handloser and his counselbetween November 5, 1946-August 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Written on verso of item 74: Deft Handloser + counsel. Karl
Brandt, left. Rose standing in rear.
1/1676Siegfried Handloser sitting at witness
standbetween February 11-18, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/1677Siegfried Handloser reading his personal
statementJuly 19, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/1678Siegfried Handloser listening to his verdict and
sentenceAugust 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Witnesses1/1779Paul Wuerfler sitting at the witness
standFebruary 18, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Witness: Paul Wuerfler, member of the
Chief of Staff of the Wehrmacht when the defendant Handloser was head of the
medical services of that organization. He testified on the authority held by
Handloser in that period.
1/1780Bernhard Schmidt sitting at the witness
standFebruary 19, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Witness: Dr. Bernhard Schmidt, Hygienist
in defendant Handloser's office when latter was medical inspector of Army,
testified Handloser did not receive reports on tests of typhus vaccines made at
Buchenwald in 1943. He was 28th witness to appear on the stand since beginning
of the medical case.
1/1781Hans Hartleben sitting at the witness
standFebruary 19, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Witness: Hans Hartleben, former assistant
Chief of Organizational section of Army Medical Inspectorate, said the
defendant Handloser, as Chief of Medical Services of Wehrmacht, could not give
orders but could advise medical heads of branches of the Wehrmacht. Hartleben
also testified the defendant Handloser could not have known about criminal
medical experiments. He was 29th witness to appear on the stand since beginning
of Case One.
Paul Rostock1/1882Paul Rostock sitting at witness standFebruary 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Defendant Paul Rostock takes the stand in
his defense.
Witnesses1/1983Maria Karlstetter sitting at the witness
standFebruary 25, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Witness Maria Karlstetter, chief secretary
to the defendant Rostock. She was the 31st witness to appear since the opening
of Case One, the trial of the former concentration camps doctors and medical
experimenters.
Oskar Schroeder1/2084Oskar Schroeder sitting at the witness
standbetween February 25-27, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/2085Oskar Schroeder listening to his verdict and
sentenceAugust 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Karl Genzken1/2186Karl Genzken sitting at the witness standbetween February 28-March 3, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/2187Karl Genzken reading his personal
statementJuly 19, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Karl Gebhardt1/2288Karl Gebhardt being sworn in at witness
standMarch 4, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/2289Karl Gebhardt reading his personal
statementJuly 19, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/2290Karl Gebhardt listening to his verdict and
sentenceAugust 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Fritz Fischer1/2391Fritz Fischer sitting at witness standbetween March 10-12, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/2392Fritz Fischer reading his personal
statementJuly 19, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/2393Fritz Fischer listening to his verdict and
sentenceAugust 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Kurt Blome1/2494Kurt Blome talking to his counselbetween November 5, 1946-August 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/2495Kurt Blome sitting at witness standbetween March 13-21, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/2496Kurt Blome reading his personal statementJuly 19, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Rudolf Brandt1/2597Rudolf Brandt sitting at witness standbetween March 24-26, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/2598Rudolf Brandt reading his personal
statementJuly 19, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/2599Rudolf Brandt listening to his verdict and
sentenceAugust 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Witnesses1/26100August Meine sitting at witness standMarch 21, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Witness: August Meine, Waffen SS Major and
assistant to defendant Rudolf Brandt, personal administrative officer to
Himmler, testified Brandt was not Himmler's advisor but merely a good
stenographer who was influenced by Himmler's personalit [sic] Meine said Brandt's knowledge of Himmler's files
would not inform the defendants of all Himmler's activities and the witness
even implied that Himmler might have dictated orders unknown to Brandt and
signed Brandt's name to them. Mein [sic] was 37th
witness before the Tribunal.
Joachim Mrugowsky1/27101Joachim Mrugowsky listening to his verdict and
sentenceAugust 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Herta Oberheuser1/28102Herta Oberheuser listening to her verdict and
sentenceAugust 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Helmut Poppendick1/29103Helmut Poppendick reading his personal
statementJuly 19, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 1/29104Helmut Poppendick listening to his verdict and
sentenceAugust 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Wolfram Sievers2/1105Wolfram Sievers reading his personal
statementJuly 19, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/1106Wolfram Sievers listening to his verdict and
sentenceAugust 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Witnesses2/2107Eduard May sitting at witness standApril 14, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Dr. Eduard May, defense witness in the
medical case April 14 for Wolfram Sievers, Business Manager of the "Ahnenerbe"
Society and Director of its Institute for Military Scientific Research. Dr. May
is an entomologist who in 1944, under the direction of the "Ahnenerbe"
Society's Institute, did research at Dachau on combatting insects harmful to
human beings.
2/2108 Franz Borkenau sitting at witness standApril 14, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Dr. Franz Borkenau, a former Austrian
citizen who worked for OWI during the war, was a witness for Wolfram Sievers,
defendant in the Medical Case and Business Manager of the Ahnenerbe Society, on
April 14. Dr. Borkenau testified on the activities of the Widerstandgruppe [
sic] Hielscher, a German resistance movement to
which Sievers says he belonged. The aim of this movement was the overthrow of
the Nazi Regime.
2/2109Erwin Topf sitting at witness standApril 15, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Dr. Erwin Topf, Hamburg editor, testifying
in the Medical Case April 15 for the defendant Wolfram Sievers, Business
Manager of the Ahnenerbe Society and Director of its Institute for Military
Scientific Research. His testimony referred to the personality of Friedrich
Hielscher, also a witness for Sievers and head of the resistance group
"Widerstandsgruppe Hielscher". Sievers claims to have been a member of this
movement. The witness stated he was convinced Hielscher would not defend anyone
unless he was convinced the person was against the Hitler Regime.
2/2110Friedrich Hielscher sitting at witness
standApril 15, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Friedrich Hielscher, head of the German
resistance movement, Widerstandsgruppe Hielscher, was a Medical Case witness
April 15, in defense of Wolfram Sievers. Business Manager of the Ahenenerbe
Society, Hielscher testified that Sievers was a member of his resistance
movement; that the defendant joined the Nazi Party to obtain information for
the movement; and that he worked out a plan for the assassination of Hitler and
Himmler. Hielscher was to have been hanged for his part in the July 20, 1944
plot against Hitler; but Sievers, through his influence with Himmler, arranged
to have Hielscher set free.
Gerhard Rose2/3111Dr. Hans Fritz and Gerhard Rose at the witness
standcirca April 16, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/3112a-113Gerhard Rose at the defendant's stand; Dr. Hans Fritz
sitting next to himJune 16, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Written on verso of item 112a: Rose examining Dr. Ivey [
sic]
Caption on verso of item 113: Defendant Gerhard Rose, one of
the twenty three doctors in the Medical Case, is pictures [
sic] here as he crossexamined the prosecu[-]tions
expert witness Dr, Andrew C. Ivy of the University of Illinois on the 16 of
June 1947 about malaria and spotted fever experiments performed by U. S.
doctors and their similarity to the experiments performed by him in
malaria.
112a and 112b are different croppings of the same
photograph.
2/3114Gerhard Rose reading his personal
statementJuly 19, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/3115Gerhard Rose listening to his verdict and
sentenceAugust 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Witnesses2/4116Marie L. Block sitting at witness standApril 16, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Maria Block, Former secretary to defendant
Gerhard Rose, was a defense witness in the Medical Case April 16. Frau Block
said she never heard of her employer's doing typhus research, and added: "As
his private secretary, I felt I knew so much about him that I felt he could not
have been connected with war crimes and crimes against humanity, or had
knowledge of them."
2/4117Felix Hoering sitting at witness standApril 17, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Dr. Felix Hoering, professor for internal
and tropical medicine at Tuebingen, a witness April 17 for Dr. Gerhard Rose,
noted scientist and defendant in the Medical Case. Dr. Hoering described the
Consulting Physicians' Conference in 1943 at which the notorious Dr. Ding spoke
on typhus experiments on inmates of Buchenwald Concentration Camp. The witness
stated Dr. Rose spoke after Ding at the conference, objecting to the Buchenwald
Doctor's experiments.
Siegfried Ruff2/5118Siegfried Ruff sitting at witness standbetween April 25-30, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/5119Siegfried Ruff and Fritz Sauter at defendant's
stand between June 12-16, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/5120-121Siegfried Ruff and Fritz Sauter at defendant's stand;
Hans Romberg sitting next to them at document table between June 12-16, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso of item 120: Medical Case defendant Dr.
Siegfried Ruff, questions Dr. Alexander C. Ivey [sic], american medical expert, on the relation of German
and American experiments on high altitude and sea water exposure, made for the
Air Corps of the U. S. and Germany. His defense lawyer, Dr. Fritz Sauter,
listens to the witness's answer on the earphone of the translation system,
while co-defendant Hans-Wolfram Romberg, former collaborator of Dr. Ruff at
Dachau, sits on the right of Ruff at the document table.
Hans Romberg2/6122Hans Romberg sitting at witness standbetween May 1-6, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Georg Weltz2/7123-124Georg Weltz sitting at witness standbetween May 6-8, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Viktor Brack2/8125-126Viktor Brack sitting at witness standbetween May 8-9, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/8127Viktor Brack reading his personal
statementJuly 19, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/8128Viktor Brack listening to his verdict and
sentenceAugust 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Witnesses2/9129Karl Heinrich Hederich sitting at witness
standbetween May 8-9, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Karlheinrich Hederich was a witness for
the defendant Viktor Brack in the Medical Case on May 8 and 9. He testified
that Brack was Chief of Staff to Reichsleiter Phillip Bouhler, the man assigned
by Hitler to administer the Eut[h]anasia Program, but added that Bouhler
considered himself solely responsible for the Mercy-killings and Brack was only
a subordinate with administrative duties.
2/9130Hermann Pfannmueller sitting at witness
standMay 9, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Witness Dr. Hermann Pfannmueller,
testified in behalf of the defense of defendant Viktor Brack in the Medical
Trial. Dr. Pfannmueller is a psychiatrist and former head of the Eglfing Haar
Mental Institute near Munich, and testified on the mercy-killing program as
applied to incurably insane people, deformed children, idiots, etc., which was
started by the Hitler Decree of Sept. 1, 1939. Pfannmueller said the program
did not include foreigners, the aged, or World War I veterans with mental
disorders resulting from war injuries.
Hermann Becker-Freyseng2/10131Hermann Becker-Freyseng at witness stand listening to
trial via earphonesbetween May 19-29, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/10132Hermann Becker-Freyseng listening to his verdict and
sentenceAugust 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Konrad Schaefer2/11133Konrad Schaefer standing at witness standbetween June 2-4, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Wilhelm Beiglboeck2/12134-135Wilhelm Beiglboeck sitting at witness
standJune 6, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso of item 135: Defendant Wilhelm Beiglboeck,
Consulting Physician to the Luftwaffe, took the stand in his own defense in the
Medical Case 6 June 1947. Regarding the seawater experiments at Dachau
Concentration Camp in 1944, the defendant said he was ordered against his will
to perform these tests on Dachau gypsy inmates, claimed he ascertained the
subjects were volunteers in good health. He stated if any of the tests became
dangerous, he stopped them.
2/12136General view of courtroom showing Wilhelm Beiglboeck,
Gustav Steinbauer, members of the prosecution, and the tribunal judges sitting
at a tablecirca June 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Judges of Tribunal One go into conference
with the defendant Wilhelm Beiglboeck and the defense laywers of the Medical
Case to investigate the changing of statistics on documents pertaining to the
experiments which he carried out. Beiglboeck, the prosecution, and the judges
are seated in the defense counsel section, extreme right, looking over the
altered figures, which made the experiments look less dangerous than they
actually were.
2/12137Wilhelm Beiglboeck, Gustav Steinbauer, members of the
prosecution, and the tribunal judges sitting at a tablecirca June 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: The Judges of Military Tribunal One, having
been informed that certain facts in the documents of the defendant Wilhelm
Beiglboeck had been altered, are shown here seated in the German defense
counsel section in conference with defendant Beiglboeck and his attorney Dr.
Gustav Steinbauer and members of the prosecution. The facts changed made the
experiments look less dangerous to the subjects than they actually were. Left,
front to rear: Dr. Horlick-Hochwald [sic] and Mr.
A. G. Hardy, prosecution; Defendant Beiglboeck and Dr. Steinbauer. Right, front
to rear: Judges Sweringen [sic], Crawford, Beals
(presiding) and Sebring.
2/12138a-138bGustav Steinbauer and Wilhelm Beiglboeck at
defendant's stand June 16, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso of item 138b: CASE NUMBER I. Medical Case:
View showing defendant Beiglbock at the podium during his cross-examination of
Dr. Andrew C. Ivy. To the left is Beiglbock's attorney Dr. Steinbauer.
138a and 138b are different croppings of the same
photograph.
2/12139General view of courtroom showing Wilhelm Beiglboeck
cross-examining Dr. Andrew C. Ivy.between June 12-16, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Wilhelm Beiglboeck is shown here as he cross
examines the prosecutions expert witness Dr, Andrew C. Ivy of the University of
Illinois. The defendent, Beiglbeock [sic],
attemted to show the similarity in sea water experiments human consumption of
sea water- made in the United States and his own experiments with human
consumption of sea water using cocentation camp inmates.
2/12140Wilhelm Beiglboeck listening to his verdict and
sentenceAugust 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Witnesses2/13141Rolf Jaeger sitting at witness standMay 28, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Witness Dr. Rolf Jaeger, German citizen,
for the defendant Wilhelm Beiglbock in the Medical Case, May 28, '47. He
testified he was Beiglbock's superior in a hospital in Italy during the war,
and that Beiglboeck was ordered, against his own will, to perform seawater
experiments on inmates of Dachau Concentration Camp in 1944. The defendant told
him the experimental subjects were volunteer gypsies who were given extra food
and less work.
2/13142Franz Vollhardt sitting at witness standJune 3, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Dr. Franz Vollhardt, professor of internal
medicine at the University of Frankfurt a/Main, was an expert witness in the
Medical Case 3 June 1947. He testified on seawater experiments, basing his
testimony on the defendant Beiglbock records of the experiments at Dachau Camp
in 1944. The witness concluded that these tests were properly carried out and
were justified from the scientific point of view.
Waldemar Hoven2/14143Portrait of Waldemar Hovencirca February 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/14144Leo Alexander interrogating Waldemar Hovencirca February 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Dr. Leo Alexander, of Boston, medical
consultant for the Secretary of War, shown here interrogating a defendant.
2/14145Waldemar Hoven sitting at the witness
standJune 23, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/14146Waldemar Hoven listening to his verdict and
sentenceAugust 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Witnesses2/15147Henri C. Pieck sitting at witness standMarch 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Witness: Henri C. Pieck, Dutch, for the
defendant Waldemar Hoven, chief doctor of the Buchenwald Concentration Camp. He
testified that Hoven collaborated with the illegal opposition group against the
SS camp leader. He stated Hoven kept Jews from being exterminated and saved the
witness's own life and those of other political prisoners by keeping them off
the "Nacht und Nebel" (Night and Fog) shipments to the Natzweiler Concentration
camp.
2/15148Videslaw Horn sitting at witness standMarch 31, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Witness: Videzlav Horn, Czechoslovakian
inmate of Buchenwald concentration camp, was a witness 31 March 47 in the
medical trial against 23 doctors and scientists accused of participation in
medical experiments on concentration camp inmates. Testifying for the defendant
Waldemar Hoven, chief doctor at Buchenwald, Horn said that Hoven made
improvements in the camp, procured medicine for the prisoners, and saved some
inmates from death transports. However, on cross examination the witness
admitted hearing that Hoven was responsible for killing some inmates in the
camp hospital.
2/15149Paul Friedrich Dorn sitting at witness
standJune 5, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Paul Friedrich Dorn, witness in the
Medical Case 5 June, for the defendant Waldemar Hoven, Chief Doctor at the
Buchenwald Concentration Camp. Dorn, a former inmate of Buchenwald, testified
Hoven did not perform typhus experiments at the camp, claimed the defendant's
only part in the selection of experimental subjects occured when he sometimes
substituted criminals for political prisoners. The witness said killed by
injection 5 Buchenwald inmates who by spying for the SS had caused the deaths
of many other inmates. He admitted Hoven might have caused deaths of other
spies, but added during the time Hoven was Camp Doctor the camp death rate
decresed [sic], and the defendant tried to improve
general conditions.
Adolf Pokorny2/16150-151Adolf Pokorny sitting at the witness standbetween June 25-26, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Groups2/17152-154Medical Case defendants sitting in the
dockbetween November 5, 1946-August 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Written on verso of item 153: Back row, Schafer, Hoven,
Beiglboeck, Pokorny, Herta Oberhauser, Fischer (through glass). Front, Blome,
Mrugowsky, Rudolph Brandt, Poppendick, Sievers.
Written on verso of item 154: Back row, Becker-Freysing,
Weltz, Schafer, Hoven, Beiglboeck. Front row, Gensken, Gebhardt, Blome,
Mrugowsky
2/17155-156Medical Case defendants and defendants'
counselbetween November 5, 1946-August 20, 1947December 9, 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso of item 155: DEFENDANTS. Rear Row. Left to
right. ROSE, RUFF, BRACK, ROMBERG, BECKER-FREYSING, WELTZ, SCHAEFER, HOVEN,
BEIGLBOECK, POKORNY, HERTA OBERHAUSER, FISCHER - behind glass extreme right.
Front Row. Left to right. KARL BRANDT, HANDLOSER, ROSTOCK, SCHROEDER, GENZKEN,
GEBHARDT, BLOME, RUDOLF BRANDT, MRUGOWSKY, POPPENDICK, SIEVERS, low on extreme
right
2/17157Defendants' Counselbetween November 5, 1946-August 20, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/17158General view of courtroom showing defendents,
defendants' counsel, and interpretersDecember 9, 1946 Trial personnel2/18159Peter Beauvais interrogating Hans Heinrich
Lammersbetween 1945-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US ArmyMr. Beauvais served as an interrogator for the tribunal's
Evidence Division.
2/18160Professor Konrad Bingold and a manNovember 21, 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Part of the 250 members of [Nuremberg] City
Council who were invited to the opening session of Military Tribunal No. 1, on
21st Nov 1946. Left is Professor Bingold, Director of the Municipal Hospital of
[Nuremberg]
2/18161Clark Denney on the telephonecirca 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: MILITARY TRIBUNAL. Mr. Clark Denney, of New
York City, Director of Military Division.
2/18162Colonel Charles W. Mays, marshal of the
courtcirca 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/18163Walter H. Rapp looking at documentscirca 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: MILITARY TRIBUNAL. Mr. Walter H. Rapp, of San
Francisco, Cal., /Director of Evidence Division.
2/18164Dehull N. Travis, assistant attorney general for the
Medical Casecirca 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Other Subsequent Nuremberg Trials2/19165Charles E. Lyon sitting at a deskcirca 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: MILITARY TRIBUNAL. Charles E. Lyon, of New
York City, Chief of one of the Economics Trial Teams under Mr. Pomerantz.
2/19166-167Abraham L. Pomerantz sitting at a deskcirca October 30, 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso of item 167: MILITARY TRIBUNAL. Mr. Abraham
L. Pomerantz, of New Rochelle, New York, Senior Counsel for Nazi
Industrialists.
2/19168George M. Reedcirca 1947 Mr. Reed served as Secretary General of the Tribunal during
the Milch trial.
2/19169George M. Reed looking at documentscirca 1947 International Military Tribunal2/20170Paul Morel, Edmund Paton-Walsh, Roy V. Rickard, and
Paul Molkov sitting at a tablecirca 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: [NUREMBERG]-- Four general officers,
representing the Allied powers controlling Occupied Germany, directed the
execution of the Nazi war criminals sentenced to death by the International
Military Tribunal. They are, from left to right: General de Brigade Paul Morel
of France, Brigardier Edmund Paton-Walsh of Great Britain, Brig. Gen. Roy V.
Rickard of the United States, and General Paul Molkov of the Soviet Union. Now
they are back in [Nuremberg], organizing the movement of the seven remaining
prisoners to Berlin for confinement in accordance with their sentences.
2/20171Paul Morel, Edmund Paton-Walsh, Roy V. Rickard, Paul
Molkov, and their secretarial staff sitting at a tablecirca 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: [NUREMBERG]-- Four general officers,
representing the Allied powers controlling Occupied Germany, shown with their
secretarial staff; the generals directed the execution of the Nazi war
criminals sentenced to death by the International Military Tribunal. They are;
General de Brigade Paul Morel of France (2nd from l.), Brigardier Edmund
Paton-Walsh of Great Britain (3rd from l.), Brig. Gen. Roy V. Rickard of the
United States (5th from l.), and General Paul Molkov of the Soviet Union (3rd
from r.). Now they are back in [Nuremberg], organizing the movement of the
seven remaining prisoners to Berlin for confinement in accordance with their
sentences.
Wives of participants2/21172Hilda Haynes Robbins on the telephonecirca November 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Mrs. Robbins was the wife of Jack W. Robbins, who served as
General Taylor's legal assistant.
2/21173Mabel H. Mulroy in front of a buildingcirca 1940s Mrs. Mulroy was the wife of James G. Mulroy, who was one of
the tribunal commissoners and legal consultants of The
United States of America vs. Carl Krauch, et al. (also known as the IG
Farben Trial), the sixth Subsequent Nuremberg Trial.
2/22174Woman walking past gatecirca 1940s Written on photograph: To Walter with love from Charlotte.
Court proceedingsArraignmentNovember 21, 19462/23175Judges Sebring, Beals, Crawford, and Swearingen
sitting at the judges' benchNovember 21, 1946 2/23176Judges Sebring, Beals, Crawford, and Swearingen
listening through headphones to Dr. Horst Pelckmann (defense counsel for Konrad
Schaefer) at the speaker's podium November 21, 1946 2/23177Judges Sebring, Beals, Crawford, and Swearingen
sitting at the judges' bench while Telford Taylor speaks at the speaker's
podiumNovember 21, 1946 Written on verso: Arraignment, Nov. 21, 1946. (Forgot to take
off my earphones!)
2/23178Members of the prosecution team sitting at the
prosecution table as Telford Taylor reads the indictment November 21, 1946 2/23179Members of the prosecution team sitting at the
prosecution table November 21, 1946 2/24180-182Medical Case defendants sitting in the defendants'
boxNovember 21, 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Written on verso of item 182: Back row, Rose, Ruff (leaning
forward), Brack, Romberg, Becker-Freysing, Weltz, Schafer. Front row, Karl
Brandt, Handloser, Rostock, Schroeder
2/24183Medical Case defendants sitting in the defendants' box
as Karl Brandt pleads "not guilty"November 21, 1946 2/24184Medical Case defendants sitting in the defendants' box
as Paul Rostock pleads "not guilty"November 21, 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/24185Medical Case defendants sitting in the defendants' box
as Karl Gebhardt pleads "not guilty"November 21, 1946 2/24186Medical Case defendants sitting in the defendants' box
as Joachim Mrugowsky pleads "not guilty"November 21, 1946 2/24187Medical Case defendants sitting in the defendants' box
as Gerhard Rose pleads "not guilty"November 21, 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/24188Medical Case defendants sitting in the defendants' box
as Hans Wolfgang Romberg pleads "not guilty"November 21, 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/24189Medical Case defendants sitting in the defendants' box
as Hans Wolfgang Romberg pleads "not guilty"November 21, 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/24190Medical Case defendants sitting in the defendants' box
as Waldemar Hoven pleads "not guilty"November 21, 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: MILITARY TRIBUNAL
I. THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA -against- KARL BRANDT, et al. The
defendants are seated in the dock as follows, beginning with the first row and
reading from left to right: 1. Karl Brandt. 2. Siegfried Handloser. 3. Paul
Rostock. 4. Oskar Schroder. 5. Karl Genzken. 6. Karl Gebhardt. 7. Kurt Blome.
8. Joachim Mrugowsky. 9. Rudolf Brandt. 10. Helmut Poppendick. 11. Wolfram
Sievers. SECOND ROW: 12. Gerhard Rose. 13. Siegfried Ruff. 14. Viktor Brack.
15. Hans Wolfgang Romberg. 16. Hermann Becker-Freyseng. 17. Georg August Weltz.
18. Konrad Schafer. 19. Waldemar Hoven. 20. Wilhelm Beiglbock. 21. Adolf
Pokorny. 22. Herta Oberheuser. 23. Fritz Fischer.
2/24191Medical Case defendants sitting in the defendants' box
as Fritz Fischer pleads "not guilty"November 21, 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Joint Session of Tribunals I and II2/25192Major Doctor Donner giving a speech to the judges of
the Doctors' Trial and Milch Trialcirca June 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: Major Dr. Donner, chief deputy of Czech
Government Delegation, addresses the Judges of both Tribunal No. 1 and No. 2,
at a special session of the court.
2/25193Baron Arnaud Marie van Tuyll van Serooskerken giving a
speech to the judges of the Doctors' Trial and Milch Trialcirca June 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: General view of the Courtroom taken from the
right end of the Judges' bench. At the prosecution stand: Col. Arneud van
Serooskerker [sic], representative of Dutch
Government Delegation, addresses the Judges of both Tribunal No. 1 and No. 2,
at a special session of the court.
2/25194Stanisław Piotrowski giving a speech to the judges of
the Doctors' Trial and Milch Trialcirca June 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: General view of the Courtroom taken from the
right end of the Judges' bench. At the prosecution stand: Stanislow Piotrowski,
representative of the Polish Delegation, addresses the Judges of both Tribunal
No. 1 and No. 2, at a special session of the court.
2/25195Charles Dubost giving a speech to the judges of the
Doctors' Trial and Milch Trialbetween December 9, 1946-July 9, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: General view of the Courtroom taken from the
right end of the Judges' bench; at the prosecution stand: Monsieur M. Dubost,
representative of the French Delegation, addresses the Judges of both Tribunal
No. 1 and No. 2, at special session of the court.
Joint Session of Tribunals I, II, III, IV, and
VJuly 9, 1947The Joint Session of Tribunals I, II, III, IV, and V was held
in response to defendants' counsels requesting that judges strike the counts of
"formation of and participation in a conspiracy to commit war crimes and crimes
against humanity" from the charges, on the grounds that "such offenses are not
created by [...] any [...] law or authority defining and controlling the
jurisdiction of [the] Tribunals." No joint ruling was issued at the session,
though Tribunals I, II and III made definite rulings within one week afterward
which stated that "neither the Charter of the International Military Tribunal
nor Control Council Law No. 10 has defined conspiracy to commit a war crime or
crimes against humanity as a separate substantive crime. Therefore, this
Tribunal has no jurisdiction to try any defendant upon a charge of conspiracy
considered as a separate substantive offense."
2/26196General view of courtoom as a man (probably Dr. Carl
Haensel) stands at the speaker's podiumJuly 9, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/26197Judges watching a man (probably Dr. Carl Haensel) at
the speaker's podium July 9, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Written on verso: Five tribunals sitting en banc to hear a
legal argument. The five Presiding Judges in the bench, the other Judges below.
9 July 1947. Sears, Toms, Beals, Brand, Wennerstrum.
2/26198Judges of Tribunals I, II, III, IV, and VJuly 9, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/26199General view of courtoom as Telford Taylor speaks at
the speaker's podiumJuly 9, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/27200General view of courtroomDecember 9, 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Press coverage2/28201Reporter typing testimony on a stenotype
machinebetween 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/28202Louis Deroche sitting at a typewritercirca 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: MILITARY TRIBUNAL. Louis Deroche, American War
Correspondent, of A.F.P., working in the Allied Press Room of the Palace of
Justice.
2/28203American journalists observing a trialbetween January 27-29, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/28204American journalists sitting in an officeJanuary 29, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: OMGUS MILITARY TRIBUNAL - PALACE OF JUSTICE.
Visiting American newspaper and radio editors photographed during their visit
to the [Nuremberg] Trials where they had the opportunity of meeting the Chief
of Counsel, Brig. Gen. Telford Taylor, and of attending two courts, trying Nazi
surgeons and Fieldmarshal Erhard Milch. Front row, left to right include Dwight
Young of the Dayton (Ohio) Journal Herald; Jack Martin of International News
Service; Erick Oberg of the Industrial Press and Victor O. Jones of the Boston
Globe. Rear, same order Gene Gillett, United Press; Everitt Hollis [
sic] of Columbia Broadcasting System; Col. Luxe,
War Department conducting officer; E. F. Tompkins of Hearst Newspapers; Frazier
Hunt of Mutual Broadcasting; Coleman Harwell of the Naschville [
sic] Tennessean.
Related eventsMilch CaseThe Milch Case (U.S.A. v. Erhard
Milch), which took place from November 13, 1946 until April 17, 1947,
charged former Field Marshall Erhard Milch with participation in the planning
and execution of war crimes, namely the subjection of prisoners of war and
foreign nationals to murder, cruel treatment, and forced labor; participation
in the planning and execution of war crimes, specifically participation in two
medical experiments dealing with the effects of high-altitude and freezing; and
crimes against humanity. Milch was acquitted of the charges concerning medical
experiments and found guilty of the charges concerning slave labor. He was
sentenced to life imprisonment; this sentence was later commuted to a term of
15 years.
2/29205Judges F. Donald Phillips, Robert M. Toms, Michael A.
Musmanno, and John J. Speightbetween November 13, 1946-April 17, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/29206Judge F. Donald Phillipsbetween November 13, 1946-April 17, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/29207Judge John J. Speightbetween November 13, 1946-April 17, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/29208Judge Robert M. Tomsbetween November 13, 1946-April 17, 1947 2/29209Judge Michael A. Musmannobetween November 13, 1946-April 17, 1947 2/29210-211Erhard MilchDecember 20, 1946Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/30212Major General White, General Joseph T. McNarney,
Brigadier General Leroy H. Watson, Helen Wahrenberger McNarney, and Major
Frederic C. Teich tour the Nuremberg jailJanuary 27, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: OMGUS MILITARY TRIBUNAL - PALACE OF JUSTICE.
General Joseph T. McNarney's party on tour of the [Nuremberg] jail 27 January
47. Left to right Major General White; General McNarney, Theater Commander;
Brig. General Leroy H. Watson, Commandant Furth-[Nuremberg] Enclave; Mrs.
McNarney and Major Frederic C. Teich, Director of [Nuremberg] jail.
2/30213Major General Clarence Huebner, Florence Barrett
Huebner, Brigadier General Leroy H. Watson, Carlotta Prichard, General Joseph
T. McNarney, and Major Frederic C. Teich inspect the Nuremberg jail
January 27, 1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: OMGUS MILITARY TRIBUNAL - PALACE OF JUSTICE.
General McNarney's party inspect the [Nuremberg] jail 27 January 47. Left to
right Major General Clarence Huebner, Chief of Staff; Mrs. Huebner; Brig. Gen.
Leroy H. Watson (back to camera); Miss Pritchard [sic], daughter of Col. Pritchard [sic]; General McNarney, Theater Commandor and Major
Frederic C. Teich, Director of [Nuremberg] jail.
2/30214Wayne L. Morse and James Brewstercirca 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: [NUREMBERG] TRIAL. Senator Wayne L. Morse
(left) and Maj. James Brewster (center) visit [Nuremberg] to see Brig. Gen.
Gwendolyn J. Watson and Brig. Gen. Telford Taylor to obtain a general picture
of conditions in Europe. Rear of Maj. Brewster is Lt. McGarry, Assistant Chief
of Visitor's Bureau, Palace of Justice; at extreme right is unidentified Air
Corps Lt. receiving instructions for flight to Vienna.
BuildingsPalace of Justice2/31215East wing of the Palace of Justicecirca 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Written on verso: Wing of Palace of J. "Cafeteria" entrance.
Court + offices in this wing.
2/31216Front entrance of the Palace of Justicecirca 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army 2/31217Men and women being served foodcirca 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army Caption on verso: MILITARY TRIBUNAL. The cafeteria in the
Palace of Justice serves a hot noontime meal to all civilian and military
personnel working in the building.
2/31218Men sitting in the lounge room in the Grand
Hotelcirca 1946-1947Office, Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, US Army The Grand Hotel served as the designated hotel for reporters and
trial personnel.