<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE ead PUBLIC "+//ISBN 1-931666-00-8//DTD ead.dtd (Encoded Archival Description (EAD) Version 2002)//EN" "ead.dtd">
<ead>
  <eadheader langencoding="iso639-2b" scriptencoding="iso15924" repositoryencoding="iso15511" countryencoding="iso3166-1" dateencoding="iso8601" relatedencoding="dc">
    <eadid countrycode="us" encodinganalog="identifier" mainagencycode="mtbc" identifier="80444/xv25592" url="http://archiveswest.orbiscascade.org/ark:/80444/xv25592">MZFCollection0650.xml</eadid>
    <filedesc>
      <titlestmt>
        <titleproper encodinganalog="title">Guide to the Pondera History Association Files<date era="ce" calendar="gregorian" encodinganalog="date" normal="1955/1968">1955-1968</date></titleproper>
        <titleproper type="filing" altrender="nodisplay">Pondera History Association
          Files</titleproper>
        <author encodinganalog="creator">Kim Allen Scott, 2013</author>
      </titlestmt>
      <publicationstmt>
        <publisher encodinganalog="publisher">Montana State University-Bozeman Library</publisher>
        <address>
          <addressline>Merrill G Burlingame Special Collections</addressline>
          <addressline>P.O. Box 173320</addressline>
          <addressline>Bozeman, MT 59717-3320</addressline>
          <addressline>United States</addressline>
          <addressline>Phone (406) 994-4242</addressline>
          <addressline>Fax (406) 994-2851</addressline>
          <addressline>http://www.lib.montana.edu/archives/</addressline>
          <addressline>University Archivist</addressline>
          <addressline>spcoll@www.lib.montana.edu</addressline>
        </address>
      </publicationstmt>
    </filedesc>
    <profiledesc>
      <langusage>Finding aid written in <language langcode="eng" encodinganalog="language" scriptcode="latn">English</language></langusage>
      <descrules>Finding aid based on DACS (<title render="italic">Describing Archives: A Content
          Standard</title>)</descrules>
    </profiledesc>
  </eadheader>
  <archdesc level="collection" type="inventory" relatedencoding="marc21">
    <did>
      <repository>
        <corpname encodinganalog="852$a">Montana State University Library, Merrill G. Burlingame
          Special Collections</corpname>
        <address>
          <addressline>P.O. Box 173320</addressline>
          <addressline>Bozeman, MT 59717-3320</addressline>
          <addressline>United States</addressline>
          <addressline>Phone (406) 994-4242</addressline>
          <addressline>Fax (406) 994-2851</addressline>
          <addressline>http://www.lib.montana.edu/archives/</addressline>
          <addressline>University Archivist</addressline>
          <addressline>spcoll@www.lib.montana.edu</addressline>
        </address>
      </repository>
      <unitid encodinganalog="099" countrycode="us" repositorycode="mtbc" type="collection">Collection 0650, MtBC, us</unitid>
      <origination>
        <corpname encodinganalog="110" role="creator" source="lcnaf">Pondera History
          Association</corpname>
      </origination>
      <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a" type="collection">Pondera History Association
        Files</unittitle>
      <unitdate datechar="creation" era="ce" calendar="gregorian" encodinganalog="245$f" normal="1955/1968">1955-1968</unitdate>
      <physdesc>
        <extent encodinganalog="300$a">.3 linear feet</extent>
      </physdesc>
      <abstract encodinganalog="5203_">The Pondera History Association files consist of material
        gathered by the organization and not included in their 1968 book, Pondera. Subjects include:
        homesteading reminiscences; the Marias River massacre of 1870 (also known as the "Baker
        Massacre"), the Blackfeet, Cree and Metis people; and other topics specifically relating to
        Pondera County or the surrounding region.</abstract>
      <langmaterial encodinganalog="546">Collection materials are in <language langcode="eng">English</language></langmaterial>
    </did>
    <bioghist encodinganalog="5450_">
      <head>Biographical Note</head>
      <p>The Pondera History Association was founded in Conrad, Montana sometime before 1968,
        initially for the purpose of gathering information to include in a county history book.
        Among the founding officers were President Veta Marsh, Secretary R. M. Emery, Treasurer A.
        J. Kovatch and members Dorothy Floerchinger and Marian Kovatch. After soliciting material
        from various Pondera County residents and reviewing history papers that had been written for
        an adult history class taught in Conrad in 1955, the committee found it had more information
        than they could fit into their proposed publication. Pondera was published in Great Falls,
        Montana by the Blueprint and Letter Company in 1968, and the additional unpublished material
        was made available for copying by the Montana State College library.</p>
    </bioghist>
    <scopecontent encodinganalog="5202_">
      <p>The Pondera History Association files consist of photocopies and duplicate photographs
        primarily of material gathered by the organization and not included in their 1968 book,
          <emph render="italic">Pondera</emph>. Subjects include: homesteading reminiscences; the
        Marias River massacre of 1870 (also known as the "Baker Massacre"), the Blackfeet, Cree and
        Metis people; and other topics specifically relating to Pondera County or the surrounding
        region. With two notable exceptions (Folders 6 and 14) the material appears to have been
        placed in no logical order and put into folders as they were photocopied. This random order
        has been retained in the present inventory. A series of meticulously typed catalog cards
        were produced that attempted to itemize the contents of the original folders. After checking
        for accuracy, most of the information from the original cards has been retained in the
        following inventory.</p>
    </scopecontent>
    <accessrestrict encodinganalog="506">
      <p>This collection is open for research.</p>
    </accessrestrict>
    <acqinfo encodinganalog="541">
      <p>Original photographs, documents, reminiscences, and other materials pertaining to the
        history of Pondera County, Montana, were loaned to the Montana State College library in 1968
        for copying by Dorothy Floerchinger of Conrad, Montana. The materials were returned after
        their duplication and their present location cannot be verified. This collection
        incorporates material formerly assigned accession numbers 312 and 315.</p>
    </acqinfo>
    <processinfo encodinganalog="583">
      <p>This collection was processed 2013 March 9</p>
    </processinfo>
    <controlaccess>
      <controlaccess>
        <geogname encodinganalog="651" role="subject" source="lcnaf">Pondera County (Mont.) --
          History</geogname>
      </controlaccess>
      <controlaccess>
        <subject encodinganalog="650" source="lcnaf">Frontier and pioneer life -- Montana – Pondera
          County</subject>
        <subject encodinganalog="650" source="lcnaf">Marias River Massacre, 1870</subject>
        <subject encodinganalog="650" source="lcnaf">Indians of North America -- Montana</subject>
      </controlaccess>
      <controlaccess>
        <subject altrender="nodisplay" encodinganalog="690" source="archiveswest">Native
          Americans</subject>
        <subject altrender="nodisplay" encodinganalog="690" source="archiveswest">Pioneers</subject>
        <subject altrender="nodisplay" encodinganalog="690" source="archiveswest">Montana</subject>
      </controlaccess>
    </controlaccess>
    <dsc type="combined">
      <c01 level="file">
        <did>
          <container type="box-folder">1/1</container>
          <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">Photographs #1-19</unittitle>
          <unitdate datechar="creation" era="ce" calendar="gregorian" encodinganalog="245$f" normal="18620826">1862 August 26</unitdate>
        </did>
        <c02 level="item">
          <did>
            <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">1. Hotel Ryan in Conrad</unittitle>
          </did>
        </c02>
        <c02 level="item">
          <did>
            <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">2. Henry A. Howe</unittitle>
          </did>
        </c02>
        <c02 level="item">
          <did>
            <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">3. Della Pearl Howe</unittitle>
          </did>
        </c02>
        <c02 level="item">
          <did>
            <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">4. The Conrad School</unittitle>
          </did>
        </c02>
        <c02 level="item">
          <did>
            <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">5. Newspaper Staff</unittitle>
          </did>
        </c02>
        <c02 level="item">
          <did>
            <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">6. Nash Family</unittitle>
          </did>
        </c02>
        <c02 level="item">
          <did>
            <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">7. Grandpa Nash and His Team</unittitle>
          </did>
        </c02>
        <c02 level="item">
          <did>
            <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">8. Ray and Esther Turner at Their Homestead
              Cabin</unittitle>
          </did>
        </c02>
        <c02 level="item">
          <did>
            <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">9. Mr. And Mrs. E. A. Savory</unittitle>
          </did>
        </c02>
        <c02 level="item">
          <did>
            <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">10. P.H. Zeimantz Homestead in</unittitle>
            <unitdate datechar="creation" era="ce" calendar="gregorian" encodinganalog="245$f" normal="1913">1913</unitdate>
          </did>
        </c02>
        <c02 level="item">
          <did>
            <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">11. Luis Arnold Homestead in</unittitle>
            <unitdate datechar="creation" era="ce" calendar="gregorian" encodinganalog="245$f" normal="1913">1913</unitdate>
          </did>
        </c02>
        <c02 level="item">
          <did>
            <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">12. Peter Debur</unittitle>
          </did>
        </c02>
        <c02 level="item">
          <did>
            <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">13. Williams Homestead in</unittitle>
            <unitdate datechar="creation" era="ce" calendar="gregorian" encodinganalog="245$f" normal="1913">1913</unitdate>
          </did>
        </c02>
        <c02 level="item">
          <did>
            <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">14. Olaf Hertz Homestead</unittitle>
          </did>
        </c02>
        <c02 level="item">
          <did>
            <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">15. Howes Restaurant and Lodging</unittitle>
          </did>
        </c02>
        <c02 level="item">
          <did>
            <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">16. R. E. Bruner's combine, first in the Dupuyer
              area</unittitle>
          </did>
        </c02>
        <c02 level="item">
          <did>
            <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">17. Later model combine</unittitle>
            <unitdate datechar="creation" era="ce" calendar="gregorian" encodinganalog="245$f" normal="1913">1913</unitdate>
          </did>
        </c02>
        <c02 level="item">
          <did>
            <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">18. Horse teams working near Valier</unittitle>
          </did>
        </c02>
        <c02 level="item">
          <did>
            <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">19. Horse teams working near Valier</unittitle>
          </did>
        </c02>
      </c01>
      <c01 level="file">
        <did>
          <container type="box-folder">1/2</container>
          <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">Pondera County and Surrounding Area history</unittitle>
        </did>
        <scopecontent encodinganalog="5202_">
          <p>Two advertising flyers for the Pondera book; Letter from Phyllis Gruel and Mrs. Howard
            to Mrs. Floerchinger telling about the routines of getting a history book published;
            "Tall tales and Mostly True"; Letter from Ray Turner to his son John which tells family
            history; Biographies of the Centennial Pioneers: Mary Adams, Mary Rutherford Davis, Mrs.
            William E. Hadcock Sr., Lucy McKnight, Mrs. A. E. Leech: John B. Pepion, John and Nettie
            Embody Pfeiffer, Robert J. Ryon, Mrs. Bob Salois, Henry Williamson, Eily Embody York,
            Louis Orsie.</p>
        </scopecontent>
      </c01>
      <c01 level="file">
        <did>
          <container type="box-folder">1/3</container>
          <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">Pondera County and Surrounding Area history</unittitle>
        </did>
        <scopecontent encodinganalog="5202_">
          <p>"Old Travois Trail", Dillon Examiner, Sept. 22 ,1919; Baker Massacre (two terms); Letter
            from Robert J. Ege; Sundance; Sign Language; Dreams and Lodges; Marriage, Running the
            Buffalo, Social, Camp Life; Life of Oliver Sanderville.</p>
        </scopecontent>
      </c01>
      <c01 level="file">
        <did>
          <container type="box-folder">1/4</container>
          <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">Pondera County and Surrounding Area history</unittitle>
        </did>
        <scopecontent encodinganalog="5202_">
          <p>Introduction to the Upham Letters from the Upper Missouri, 1865; Bill Jones Story Part
            2, and the Hanging of the Horse-thieves At Birch Creek; Family of Augustin Hamell,
            Papers about Willow Rounds; Three Notes about Joe Cobell; Notes about James C. Turner;
            James Willard Schultz; Ft. Macleod-Ft. Shaw Trail; "Dealer's Choice" (Reminiscence of
            Pondera Coulee); Note about Robare from Roe; Abbot Coulee Graveyard; Ft. Conrad and the
            Whoop-up Trail; Chronology of the Marias River.</p>
        </scopecontent>
      </c01>
      <c01 level="file">
        <did>
          <container type="box-folder">1/5</container>
          <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">Pondera County and Surrounding Area history</unittitle>
        </did>
        <scopecontent encodinganalog="5202_">
          <p>Cree Review, May 1966; Interview with Robert Salois; "Here's what I said in my Metis
            report"; Saga of the Metis by Lois Magar; History of My Life by S. H. Vandenacre;
            Letters from W. Blonder to R. M. Sauer; 2 Letters in Dutch from Pastoor J. Vermaat;
            Letter to Reverend Father from N. Buycher; other letters and notes from the settlers of
            the Belgian colony near Valier. 3 items about the Birch Creek Hutterite Colony.</p>
        </scopecontent>
      </c01>
      <c01 level="file">
        <did>
          <container type="box-folder">1/6</container>
          <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">Pondera County and Surrounding Area history</unittitle>
        </did>
        <scopecontent encodinganalog="5202_">
          <p>Reminiscences of Pete Bokma.</p>
        </scopecontent>
      </c01>
      <c01 level="file">
        <did>
          <container type="box-folder">1/7</container>
          <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">Pondera County and Surrounding Area history</unittitle>
        </did>
        <scopecontent encodinganalog="5202_">
          <p>The Conrads; the Seven Block Ranch; "'Grand Tickler' Queered Nomination"; Notes on the
            History of the Valier Project by George Ebner.</p>
        </scopecontent>
      </c01>
      <c01 level="file">
        <did>
          <container type="box-folder">1/8</container>
          <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">Pondera County and Surrounding Area history</unittitle>
        </did>
        <scopecontent encodinganalog="5202_">
          <p>"Conrad," notes from the directory of Teton County 1911; Reminiscences by Mrs. Mary
            Slavin and Mrs. Anna Crouch; notes from the Conrad Observer, 1905; Sam Sollid material;
            clipping on the Conrad Hospital; notes from LaVerne Russell; Mr. and Mrs. E. G. Cheek;
            Mrs. Mary Buzzell obituary.</p>
        </scopecontent>
      </c01>
      <c01 level="file">
        <did>
          <container type="box-folder">1/9</container>
          <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">Pondera County and Surrounding Area history</unittitle>
        </did>
        <scopecontent encodinganalog="5202_">
          <p>Pondera Pageant Press, July 18-19, 1953; "Conrad, Montana, The Pearl of Pondera
            County," 1960; "The Choteau Road to Macleod," Choteau Calumet, Dec.18, 1885; "Upper
            Marias Notes."</p>
        </scopecontent>
      </c01>
      <c01 level="file">
        <did>
          <container type="box-folder">1/10</container>
          <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">Pondera County and Surrounding Area history</unittitle>
        </did>
        <scopecontent encodinganalog="5202_">
          <p>Notes on Dupuyer; Letter from Larry Gill; Obituary of J. W. McKnight; Minnaleah
            Kingsbury Buell reminiscence of Brother Van Orsdel; "Foot-notes from the Foot-hills"; Cal
            Perkins; Norah Cooper Fisher letter about the Cooper family; "David B. Smith-oldest
            Member of the Toole County Old Timers Association"; Obituaries of Mrs. James Miller and
            Jacob Lauffer.</p>
        </scopecontent>
      </c01>
      <c01 level="file">
        <did>
          <container type="box-folder">1/11</container>
          <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">Pondera County and Surrounding Area history</unittitle>
        </did>
        <scopecontent encodinganalog="5202_">
          <p>Notes on Ledger, Montana; Notes from "The Land Keeps Callin" by Effie Orcutt;
            Reminiscences by Norma Baumann; essays by Con Christenson; account by Marian Wagner
            Kovatch; Christmas Wedding.</p>
        </scopecontent>
      </c01>
      <c01 level="file">
        <did>
          <container type="box-folder">1/12</container>
          <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">Pondera County and Surrounding Area history</unittitle>
        </did>
        <scopecontent encodinganalog="5202_">
          <p>Mrs. Gordon Monkman, "Montana History," Wheat Center News, v6, 48, 1963; "Old Agency on
            the Teton", 1964; sketch of Blackfoot Agency Headquarters on Badger Creek, 1880-1895;
            Priest Butte Crosses.</p>
        </scopecontent>
      </c01>
      <c01 level="file">
        <did>
          <container type="box-folder">1/13</container>
          <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">Pondera County and Surrounding Area history</unittitle>
        </did>
        <scopecontent encodinganalog="5202_">
          <p>Miscellaneous Pondera County material</p>
        </scopecontent>
      </c01>
      <c01 level="file">
        <did>
          <container type="box-folder">1/14</container>
          <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a">Pondera County and Surrounding Area history</unittitle>
        </did>
        <scopecontent encodinganalog="5202_">
          <p>"Montana Backgrounds," essays on Pondera County history by Floerchinger and others
            created for an extension history course taught at Conrad by Carl Gunderson in 1955.
            Authors and titles include: Dorothy Floerchinger, "Postscript to the Baker Massacre";
            Jean T. Magdall, "Joseph P. Thoroughman"; G. E. Cox, "The Sullivans"; Alice Lewis,
            "Homestead in the Basin"; Zella Trafelet, "Life of John McLaughlin"; Frances Tideyman,
            "The Seven Block Ranch", Ida Hofland, "Hutterites of Birch Creek"; Donna Olson, "Samuel
            Sollid"; Hazel Johnson, "Memories of Lettie Gordon Miller of Dupuyer"; LaVerne Russell,
            "Mr. and Mrs. E. G. Cheek"; LeVerne Russell, "Reminiscences"; Gene Netvedt Martin,
            "Samuel Sollid"; Emma Novak, "The Crossing"; Freda Phillips, "John Pfeiffer
            Reminiscences"; Aileen McComb, "John J. Castner"; Alma Z. Angle, "Ching's Little Indian
            Wife."</p>
        </scopecontent>
      </c01>
    </dsc>
  </archdesc>
</ead>

