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<ead><eadheader langencoding="iso639-2b" scriptencoding="iso15924" relatedencoding="dc" repositoryencoding="iso15511" countryencoding="iso3166-1" dateencoding="iso8601" id="a0"><eadid countrycode="us" mainagencycode="wauar" encodinganalog="identifier" url="http://archiveswest.orbiscascade.org/ark:/80444/xv16949" identifier="80444/xv16949">WAUBuckleyThomasCT2696-009.xml</eadid><filedesc><titlestmt><titleproper>Guide to the Thomas C. T. Buckley Papers <date encodinganalog="date" era="ce">1976-1988</date></titleproper><titleproper type="filing" altrender="nodisplay">Buckley (Thomas)</titleproper></titlestmt><publicationstmt><publisher encodinganalog="publisher">Special Collections, University of Washington Libraries</publisher><date normal="2014" encodinganalog="date">©2014 (Last modified: 7/13/2023)</date><address><addressline>Seattle, WA 98195</addressline></address></publicationstmt></filedesc><profiledesc><langusage>Finding aid written in 
		  <language langcode="eng" encodinganalog="language" scriptcode="latn">English</language>.</langusage><descrules>Finding aid based on DACS (<title render="italic" linktype="simple">Describing Archives: A Content Standard</title>).</descrules></profiledesc></eadheader><archdesc level="collection" type="hist" relatedencoding="marc21"><did><repository><corpname>University of Washington Libraries, Special Collections</corpname></repository><unitid countrycode="us" repositorycode="wauar">2696-009</unitid><origination><persname role="creator" encodinganalog="100">Buckley, Thomas C. T.</persname></origination><unittitle>Thomas C. T. Buckley papers</unittitle><unitdate type="inclusive" normal="1976/1988" era="ce" calendar="gregorian">1976-1988</unitdate><physdesc><extent>approximately .62 cubic ft (16 sound cassettes, 2
		  microfilms, 162 pages)</extent></physdesc><langmaterial>Collection materials are in 
		<language langcode="eng" scriptcode="latn" encodinganalog="546">English</language>.</langmaterial><abstract encodinganalog="5203_$a">Field notes and tapes related to research
		  among Yurok Indians and final reports on linguistics</abstract></did><bioghist encodinganalog="5450_"><p>Thomas Crowell-Taylor "Tim" Buckley (May 28, 1942 – April 16, 2015)
		  was an American anthropologist known for his long-term ethnographic research
		  with the Yurok Indians of northern California, his early work in the
		  anthropology of reproduction, including menstruation and culture and for his
		  major reevaluation of the work of Alfred L. Kroeber. He received his Ph.D. in
		  anthropology in 1982 from the University of Chicago. His decades-long fieldwork
		  with the Yuroks, beginning in 1976 (following upon Buddhist training in
		  California under Shunryu Suzuki, 1965–71), culminated in his ethnographic
		  monograph Standing Ground, published in 2002. </p><p>[Information adapted from the “Thomas Buckley”, Wikipedia article;
		  05/08/2023] </p><p>Mrs. Florence Shaughnessy was a Yurok elder who was born in 1902 and
		  lived in Requa, California near the mouth of the Klamath. </p><p>Aaawok Aileen Figueroa (1912-2008) was a long-time resident of
		  Westhaven and descendent of the village of Saa-athl. She was one of the last
		  fluent speakers and a Master Teacher of the Yurok language. She was also a
		  Master basket weaver and singer of her native songs. She was born on the Lower
		  Klamath River to Maggie and Henry Pilgrim, where she attended elementary school
		  in Klamath. Aileen was forced to attend the boarding school in Hoopla, which
		  forbid students from speaking their native languages. She eventually found her
		  way back home to Klamath, allowing her to preserve her culture. Aileen
		  dedicated her life to preserving and passing on her heritage to future
		  generations. </p><p>[Information adapted from the “Advocates for Indigenous California
		  Language Survival”, webpage; 05/08/2023] </p><p>Biographical information unavailable for Frank Douglas, Ella Norris,
		  Antone Obie, Nettie Hill, Bessie Flashman, and Lewana Brantner. </p></bioghist><arrangement><p>Organized into 3 accessions.</p><p><list type="simple"><item>Accession No. 2696-009-01, Thomas C.T. Buckley papers,
			 1976</item><item>Accession No. 2696-009-02, Thomas C.T. Buckley papers,
			 1978</item><item>Accession No. 2696-009-03, Thomas C.T. Buckley papers,
			 1988</item></list></p></arrangement><scopecontent><p>Field notes, tapes, and reports pertaining to linguistic research
		  among Yurok Indians in the Klamath River region of northwestern California
		  conducted in 1976 and 1978.</p></scopecontent><odd encodinganalog="500" id="a5"><p>Culturally, the Yurok people are known as great fishermen, eelers,
		  basket weavers, canoe makers, storytellers, singers, dancers, healers and
		  strong medicine people. Before they were given the name "Yurok" they referred
		  to themselves in their native language as “Oohl”, meaning “Indian people”.
		  People from down river on the Klamath are known as Pue-lik-lo' (Down River
		  Indian), those on the upper Klamath and Trinity are Pey-cheek-lo' (Up River
		  Indian) and on the coast Ner-'er-ner' (Coast Indian). The Klamath-Trinity River
		  is the lifeline of their people because the majority of the food supply, like
		  ney-puy (salmon), Kaa-ka (sturgeon) and kwor-ror (candlefish) are offered to
		  them from these rivers. </p><p>Similar to other tribal groups in California, Yurok people overcame
		  the destruction of their villages, and assimilation attempts by non-native
		  settlers. When government policy forbade the use of traditional languages and
		  outlawed the practice of traditional ceremonies, Yurok people continued. Some
		  dances stopped while others were revitalized. The late 1970s and 1980s were a
		  time when the revitalization effort soared in the local area. The Jump Dance
		  returned to Pek-won in 1984, a War Dance demonstration was held in the late
		  1980s, and communities came together to support the revitalization of Brush
		  Dances along the river and the coast. In the year 2000, the White Deerskin
		  Dance was held again at the village of Weych-pues. For several generations
		  there were no cultural traditions or language being passed on. With so few
		  Yurok families able to hold onto traditional ways, it appeared as though the
		  attempts to eliminate the cultural traditions would be successful. With the
		  help of many elders (who have since passed on), young people who were eager to
		  learn Yurok traditions did so and for the past twenty years Yurok traditional
		  ceremonies have continued. </p><p>[Information adapted from the “Our History” and “Religion” webpages of
		  the Yurok Tribe Official Website; 05/08/2023] </p></odd><accessrestrict><p>Access restricted: For terms of access contact repository.</p><p><extref href="https://uw.aeon.atlas-sys.com/logon/?Action=10&amp;Form=31&amp;Value=https://archiveswest.orbiscascade.org/ark:80444/xv16949/xml" role="text/html" actuate="onrequest" show="new" id="aeon">Request at UW</extref></p></accessrestrict><userestrict><p>Creator's literary rights retained. Contact repository for
		  details.</p></userestrict><acqinfo><p>Thomas C.T. Buckley, 1977, 1979, 1990.</p></acqinfo><controlaccess><persname role="creator" encodinganalog="700">Buckley, Thomas C. T</persname><corpname role="creator" encodinganalog="710">Jacobs Research Fund</corpname><corpname role="creator" encodinganalog="710">Jacobs Research Funds</corpname><subject source="uwsc">Personal Papers/Corporate Records (University of Washington)</subject><subject source="archiveswest" altrender="nodisplay">Native Americans</subject><subject source="archiveswest" altrender="nodisplay">Anthropology</subject><subject source="archiveswest" altrender="nodisplay">Language and Languages</subject><subject source="archiveswest" altrender="nodisplay">Sound Recordings</subject><subject source="archiveswest" altrender="nodisplay">Oral Histories</subject></controlaccess><dsc type="combined"><p> </p><c01 level="otherlevel" otherlevel="accession"><did><unittitle>Accession No. 2696-009-01: Thomas C.T. Buckley papers, 1976</unittitle><physdesc><extent>12 sound cassettes; 2 microfilms.</extent></physdesc></did><scopecontent><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Scope and Content:</emph></emph> Field notes and tapes to research among Yurok Indians, Calif.,
				1976.</p></scopecontent><accessrestrict><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Restrictions on Access:</emph></emph> Access restricted: For terms of access contact repository.</p></accessrestrict><userestrict><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Restrictions on Use:</emph></emph> Creator's literary rights retained. Contact repository for
				details.</p></userestrict><acqinfo><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Acquisition Info:</emph></emph> Thomas Buckley, 1977-08-01</p></acqinfo><c02 level="file"><did><container type="box">1</container><container label="Accession" type="Accession">2696-009-01</container><unittitle>Thomas Buckley Papers </unittitle><physdesc><extent>1 microfilm</extent></physdesc></did><odd><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">General Notes:</emph></emph> positive</p></odd></c02><c02 level="file"><did><container type="box">1</container><container label="Accession" type="Accession">2696-009-01</container><unittitle>Thomas Buckley Papers </unittitle><physdesc><extent>1 microfilm</extent></physdesc></did><odd><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">General Notes:</emph></emph> negative</p></odd></c02><c02 level="file"><did><container type="box">1</container><container label="Accession" type="Accession">2696-009-01</container><unitid type="uwsc">Tape 1</unitid><unittitle>Florence Shaughnessy / Frank Douglas</unittitle><unitdate type="inclusive" era="ce" calendar="gregorian">July 20, 1976, July 25, 1976, August 6,
				  1976</unitdate><physdesc><extent>1 audio cassette</extent></physdesc></did><scopecontent><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Scope and Content:</emph></emph> Location: Requa, California</p></scopecontent></c02><c02 level="file"><did><container type="box">1</container><container label="Accession" type="Accession">2696-009-01</container><unitid type="uwsc">Tape 2</unitid><unittitle>Frank Douglas</unittitle><unitdate type="inclusive" era="ce" calendar="gregorian">August 6, 1976</unitdate><physdesc><extent>1 audio cassette</extent></physdesc></did><scopecontent><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Scope and Content:</emph></emph> Recorded on Side A only</p></scopecontent></c02><c02 level="file"><did><container type="box">1</container><container label="Accession" type="Accession">2696-009-01</container><unitid type="uwsc">Tape 3</unitid><unittitle>Aileen Figueroa</unittitle><unitdate type="inclusive" era="ce" calendar="gregorian">August 9, 1976</unitdate><physdesc><extent>1 audio cassette</extent></physdesc></did><scopecontent><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Scope and Content:</emph></emph> Location: Westhaven, California</p></scopecontent></c02><c02 level="file"><did><container type="box">1</container><container label="Accession" type="Accession">2696-009-01</container><unitid type="uwsc">Tape 4</unitid><unittitle>Antone Obie and Dewey George</unittitle><unitdate type="inclusive" era="ce" calendar="gregorian">August 12, 1976</unitdate><physdesc><extent>1 audio cassette</extent></physdesc></did><scopecontent><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Scope and Content:</emph></emph> Location: Hoopa, California</p></scopecontent></c02><c02 level="file"><did><container type="box">1</container><container label="Accession" type="Accession">2696-009-01</container><unitid type="uwsc">Tape 5</unitid><unittitle>Antone Obie and Dewey George</unittitle><unitdate type="inclusive" era="ce" calendar="gregorian">August 12, 1976</unitdate><physdesc><extent>1 audio cassette</extent></physdesc></did><scopecontent><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Scope and Content:</emph></emph> Continued from previous recording session; recorded on side A
				  only</p></scopecontent></c02><c02 level="file"><did><container type="box">1</container><container label="Accession" type="Accession">2696-009-01</container><unitid type="uwsc">Tape 6</unitid><unittitle>Florence Shaughnessy</unittitle><unitdate type="inclusive" era="ce" calendar="gregorian">August 20, 1976</unitdate><physdesc><extent>1 audio cassette</extent></physdesc></did><scopecontent><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Scope and Content:</emph></emph> Location: Requa, California</p></scopecontent></c02><c02 level="file"><did><container type="box">1</container><container label="Accession" type="Accession">2696-009-01</container><unitid type="uwsc">Tape 8</unitid><unittitle>Frank Douglas</unittitle><unitdate type="inclusive" era="ce" calendar="gregorian">August 31, 1976</unitdate><physdesc><extent>1 audio cassette</extent></physdesc></did><scopecontent><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Scope and Content:</emph></emph> Location: Trinidad, California</p></scopecontent></c02><c02 level="file"><did><container type="box">1</container><container label="Accession" type="Accession">2696-009-01</container><unitid type="uwsc">Tape 9</unitid><unittitle>Frank Douglas</unittitle><unitdate type="inclusive" era="ce" calendar="gregorian">August 31, 1976</unitdate><physdesc><extent>1 audio cassette</extent></physdesc></did><scopecontent><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Scope and Content:</emph></emph> Continued from previous recording session</p></scopecontent></c02><c02 level="file"><did><container type="box">1</container><container label="Accession" type="Accession">2696-009-01</container><unitid type="uwsc">Tape 10</unitid><unittitle>Florence Shaughnessy</unittitle><unitdate type="inclusive" era="ce" calendar="gregorian">September 6, 1976</unitdate><physdesc><extent>1 audio cassette</extent></physdesc></did><scopecontent><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Scope and Content:</emph></emph> Location: Requa, California</p></scopecontent></c02><c02 level="file"><did><container type="box">1</container><container label="Accession" type="Accession">2696-009-01</container><unitid type="uwsc">Tape 11</unitid><unittitle>Florence Shaughnessy</unittitle><unitdate type="inclusive" era="ce" calendar="gregorian">September 6, 1976</unitdate><physdesc><extent>1 audio cassette</extent></physdesc></did><scopecontent><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Scope and Content:</emph></emph> Continued from previous recording session; recorded on side A
				  only</p></scopecontent></c02><c02 level="file"><did><container type="box">1</container><container label="Accession" type="Accession">2696-009-01</container><unitid type="uwsc">Tape 12</unitid><unittitle>Ella Norris</unittitle><unitdate type="inclusive" era="ce" calendar="gregorian">September 9, 1976</unitdate><physdesc><extent>1 audio cassette</extent></physdesc></did><scopecontent><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Scope and Content:</emph></emph> Location: Crescent City, California</p></scopecontent></c02><c02 level="file"><did><container type="box">1</container><container label="Accession" type="Accession">2696-009-01</container><unitid type="uwsc">Tape 13</unitid><unittitle>Ella Norris</unittitle><unitdate type="inclusive" era="ce" calendar="gregorian">September 9, 1976</unitdate><physdesc><extent>1 audio cassette</extent></physdesc></did><scopecontent><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Scope and Content:</emph></emph> Continued from previous recording session; Recorded on side A
				  only</p></scopecontent></c02></c01><c01 level="otherlevel" otherlevel="accession"><did><unittitle>Accession No. 2696-009-02: Thomas C.T. Buckley papers, 1978</unittitle><physdesc><extent>4 sound cassettes; 160 pages.</extent></physdesc></did><scopecontent><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Scope and Content:</emph></emph> Field notes re Yurok Indian religious belief and practice, 1976;
				tape recordings.</p></scopecontent><accessrestrict><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Restrictions on Access:</emph></emph> Access restricted: For terms of access contact repository.</p></accessrestrict><userestrict><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Restrictions on Use:</emph></emph> Creator's literary rights retained. Contact repository for
				details.</p></userestrict><acqinfo><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Acquisition Info:</emph></emph> Thomas Buckley, State College PA, 1979-01-31</p></acqinfo><c02 level="file"><did><container type="box-folder">1/1</container><container label="Accession" type="Accession">2696-009-02</container><unittitle>Field notes on Yurok Indian Religious Beliefs and
				  Practices</unittitle><unitdate type="inclusive" era="ce" calendar="gregorian">August 16, 1978 - December 1,
				  1978</unitdate></did><scopecontent><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Scope and Content:</emph></emph> Field notes focus on metaphysics, conceptualization, and
				  training of religious specialists. Accompanying documents include: "Coyote and
				  Bullsnake (Arizona Tewa)" an English/Arizona Tewa translation of a Coyote Story
				  by Dewey Healing (Tewa Village) and Paul Kroskrity (Indiana University)</p></scopecontent><odd><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">General Notes:</emph></emph> Field notes are supplementary to the cassette tapes Y78-I
				  through Y78-IV. </p></odd></c02><c02 level="file"><did><container type="box">1</container><container type="item">Y78-I-1/2</container><unittitle>Yurok Indians (Algonquian): Ella Norris</unittitle><unitdate type="inclusive" era="ce" calendar="gregorian">September 13, 1978</unitdate><physdesc><extent>1 audio cassette</extent></physdesc></did><scopecontent><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Scope and Content:</emph></emph> Location: Cresent City, California; Written record: Buckley 1978
				  field-notes (pp. 27-36); Contents: Yurok narratives and prayers, conversation;
				  Recorded by: Thomas Buckley</p></scopecontent></c02><c02 level="file"><did><container type="box">1</container><container type="item">Y78-II-1/2</container><unittitle>Yurok Indians (Algonquian): Florence
				  Shaughnessy</unittitle><unitdate type="inclusive" era="ce" calendar="gregorian">September 15, 1978</unitdate><physdesc><extent>1 audio cassette</extent></physdesc></did><scopecontent><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Scope and Content:</emph></emph> Location: Requa, Calfornia; Written record: Buckley 1978 field
				  notes (pp. 42-50); Contents: narratives, formulas, conversation (session
				  continued in Y78-III-1/2); Recorded by: Thomas Buckley</p></scopecontent></c02><c02 level="file"><did><container type="box">1</container><container type="item">Y78-III-1/2</container><unittitle>Yurok Indians (Algonquian): Florence
				  Shaughnessy</unittitle><unitdate type="inclusive" era="ce" calendar="gregorian">September 15, 1978</unitdate><physdesc><extent>1 audio cassette</extent></physdesc></did><scopecontent><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Scope and Content:</emph></emph> Location: Requa, California; Written record:Buckley 1978 field
				  notes (pp. 50-51); Recorded by: Thomas Buckley</p></scopecontent></c02><c02 level="file"><did><container type="box">1</container><container type="item">Y78-IV-1/2</container><unittitle>Yurok Indians (Algonquian): Florence Shaughnessy, Robert
				  Spott, Nettie Hill, Bessie Flashman, Lewana Brantner, various Brushdance
				  singers</unittitle><unitdate type="inclusive" era="ce" calendar="gregorian">1956, 1966, 1978</unitdate><physdesc><extent>1 audio cassette</extent></physdesc></did><scopecontent><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Scope and Content:</emph></emph> Location: Requa, California; Written record: Buckley 1978 field
				  notes (pp. 61-62); Contents: Yurok and Navajo singing, includes Navajo "goat
				  song" sung by Navajo guest in Requa, 1966; Recorded by: R. H. Robins (1956),
				  Molly Rudd (1966), Thomas Buckley (1978)</p></scopecontent></c02></c01><c01 level="otherlevel" otherlevel="accession"><did><unittitle>Accession No. 2696-009-03: Thomas Buckley papers, 1988</unittitle><physdesc><extent>1 folder (2 p.)</extent></physdesc></did><scopecontent><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Scope and Content:</emph></emph> Final research report on the linguistics among the Yurok Indians,
				Aug-Oct 1988.</p></scopecontent><accessrestrict><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Restrictions on Access:</emph></emph> Access restricted: For terms of access contact repository.</p></accessrestrict><userestrict><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Restrictions on Use:</emph></emph> Creator's literary rights retained. Contact repository for
				details.</p></userestrict><acqinfo><p><emph render="smcaps"><emph render="underline">Acquisition Info:</emph></emph> Thomas Buckley via Whatcom Museum, 1990-03-29</p></acqinfo></c01></dsc></archdesc></ead>

