Viola Edmundson Garfield papers, 1925-1978

Overview of the Collection

Creator
Garfield, Viola Edmundson, 1899-1983
Title
Viola Edmundson Garfield papers
Dates
1925-1978 (inclusive)
1935-1978 (bulk)
Quantity
4.89 cubic feet (13 boxes plus 1 oversize item)
Collection Number
2027
Summary
Papers of a professor of anthropology at the University of Washington, and author
Repository
University of Washington Libraries, Special Collections
Special Collections
University of Washington Libraries
Box 352900
Seattle, WA
98195-2900
Telephone: 2065431929
Fax: 2065431931
speccoll@uw.edu
Access Restrictions

Open to all users.

Languages
English
Sponsor
Funding for encoding this finding aid was partially provided through a grant awarded by the National Endowment for the Humanities.

Biographical NoteReturn to Top

A young Viola Edmundson, too frightened to walk alone past a field of cows on the way to the schoolhouse, soon abandoned her first attempt at grade school. By the time she had turned twenty-two, however, the timid girl had grown up into an adventurous young woman. In August of 1922, Viola accepted a job from the Bureau of Indian Affairs teaching Tsimshian Indian children in a remote Alaskan village. Years later she described that “my first view of the Tsimshian was of rows of houses spaced along the meandering shores of New Metlakatla, Alaska. Approaching the island in a late August afternoon, Purple Mountain and Yellow Hill with their brilliant colors dwarfed the weathered homes and churches.” Accompanying her were five other teachers and the superintendent. Viola was one of only two in the group who had met an Indian previously, and her interactions with a few Salish Indians on Whidbey Island while growing up had been very limited. And regardless of prior experience, “none of us had known such people as the Metlakatlans.” The nine-month teaching assignment would define her life and work from that moment forward.

Born on December 5th, 1899 in Iowa, Viola moved with her family to Whidbey Island in 1905. Once an added year and the company of a younger sister provided the courage to brave the frightening gauntlet of cows, she thrived in school--gaining back the lost year by skipping the fourth grade--and graduated valedictorian of her high school class. She worked and saved for a year, and entered the University of Washington in 1919. Unfortunately, her money ran out during her second year, necessitating a transfer to the Bellingham Normal School. Shortly after earning a teaching certificate, she left for New Metlakatla.

When she arrived, many adult Metlakatlans had been among those who had helped build the village, and only the youngest had no memory of its founder. These settlers had left their ancestral homeland, and vowed to renounce their ancient customs in favor of approximating the white man’s culture. For this reason, they had a reputation among whites as being the most “progressive” of all Northwest Coast Indian tribes. Despite the sincere effort to assimilate, she noted that “in many ways the Metlakatlans displayed attitudes, beliefs and behavior that were foreign and incomprehensible to the teachers.” The Indian children, for example, would not compete for attention or for rewards because, she realized, they thought in terms of group, and not personal, interest. The uniqueness of the Indians and their culture fascinated the young Viola. Despite the superintendent’s injunction, she refused to punish children who spoke Tsimshian.

This initial immersion in Indian culture ended with the school year the following spring. She returned to Seattle and worked as a stenographer for the city’s Chamber of Commerce. Here she met Charles Darwin Garfield, an Alaskan who had founded the Seattle Fur Exchange, and they married on her twenty-fifth birthday. Her curiosity about Indian culture slumbered dormant until 1927, when she was able once again to attend the University of Washington. She majored in sociology, and renewed her interest in the Tsimshian under the influence of newly-arrived anthropologist Melville Jacobs. She returned to New Metlakatla to study Tsimshian marriage patterns for her Master’s Degree, which she received in 1931. For the next several years, she would alternate between spending summers at Columbia University in pursuit of doctoral studies and the rest of the year teaching at the University of Washington. At Columbia, she studied under Franz Boas, generally credited with being the "father of American anthropology." Like many other early Northwest anthropologists, she maintained throughout her long career the Boasian dedication to ethnographic detail and native texts. At the time Columbia required the publication of the dissertation before granting a Ph.D. Even though Garfield finished hers in 1935, she had to wait until the 1939 publication of Tsimshian Clan and Society before receiving her degree. Once she had the Ph.D., she joined the University of Washington as a full faculty member, where she would teach until her retirement in 1970.

Garfield formed a crucial part of the nucleus of a department internationally famous for its specialization in Northwest Coast Indian culture. French anthropologist Claude Lévy-Strauss, for example, relied upon Tsimshian examples drawn from Garfield in his early studies of kinship and mythology. Outside academia, Garfield was most famous for her work on totem poles. She worked with the United States Forest Service (U.S.F.S.) to restore many Alaskan totem poles, and together with Linn A. Forrest, a U.S.F.S. regional architect and supervisor of the restoration project, wrote The Wolf and the Raven: Totem Poles of Southeastern Alaska in 1948. She also wrote a history of the famous Seattle totem pole in Pioneer Square. Garfield’s research illustrated how the poles are not just intricately crafted, beautiful works of art, but sophisticated symbols created by the Indians to tell of family, history and mythology.

Viola Edmundson Garfield died in 1983, after spending a life studying, promoting and trying to preserve the art and culture of Northwest Coast Indians.

Biographical note written by Rich Bellon, 1995.

Content DescriptionReturn to Top

The collection includes clippings, correspondence, speeches and writings, biographical materials, field notebooks, clippings, drawings, sound recordings, ephemera, scrapbooks, and artifacts. Of special note are notebooks that contain field work done in Metlakatla, Alaska and Port Simpson, British Columbia, as well as sound recordings of Tsimshian songs made during a field work trip to Port Simpson. Notable correspondents include Garfield's fellow anthropologists, Ruth Benedict, William Beynon and Franz Boas. Also included is a 1960 grade-school paper on Alaska statehood by Elizabeth Heath's (great-niece of Viola Garfield), with photographs and ephemera provided to her by Viola Garfield.

Use of the CollectionReturn to Top

Restrictions on Use

Creator's literary rights not transferred to the University of Washington Libraries.

Administrative InformationReturn to Top

Arrangement

Organized into 5 accessions.

  • Accession No. 2027-001, Viola Edmundson Garfield Papers, 1927-1963
  • Accession No. 2027-002, Viola Edmundson Garfield papers, 1929-1978
  • Accession No. 2027-003, Viola Edmundson Garfield papers, 1944-1970
  • Accession No. 2027-004, Viola Edmundson Garfield diploma, 1939
  • Accession No. 2027-005, Viola Edmundson Garfield papers, 1925-1960

Processing Note

Biographical note written by Rich Bellon, 1995.

Detailed Description of the CollectionReturn to Top

 

Accession No. 2027-001: Viola Edmundson Garfield Papers, 1927-1963 (bulk 1935-1963)Return to Top

4.00 cubic feet (10 boxes)

Scope and Content: Biographical materials; correspondence; notes; speeches and writings; drawings; field notebooks from field work done in Alaska and Port Simpson, British Columbia; and tape recordings made in Port Simpson primarily concerning Northwest Coast Indians (Tlingit, Haida, Tsimshian); 1927-1963 (bulk 1935-1963).

Restrictions on Access: Open to all users.

Acquisition Info: Gift of Viola Garfield, Seattle, November 9, 1972

Processing Info: Photographs of totems were relocated to the Viola Garfield Photograph Collection, PH Coll 130.

Container(s) Description Dates
Box/Folder Accession
1/1 2027-001
Biographical materials
3 items
undated
Incoming letters
1932-1956
Box/Folder Accession
1/2 2027-001
Akins, Tracy
1 item
1941
1/2 2027-001
Alaska Historical Library and Museum
3 items
1942-1948
1/2 2027-001
The Alaska Sportsman
1 item
1949
1/2 2027-001
Alaskan Science Conference
1 item
General Notes: See also: National Research Council
1956
1/2 2027-001
Allen, Edward W.
General Notes: See: Allen, Hilen, Froude & DeGarmo -- Lawyers; International Pacific Salmon Fisheries Commission
undated
1/2 2027-001
Allen, Hilen, Froude & DeGarmo -- Lawyers
7 items
1944-1947
1/2 2027-001
Allen, Rosemary
2 items
General Notes: See also: Alaskan Science Conference
1952-1953
1/2 2027-001
American Anthropologist
1 item
1947
1/2 2027-001
American Association for the Advancement of Science
2 items
1951
1/2 2027-001
American Ethnological Society, Inc.
1 item
1947
1/2 2027-001
Archbold, C. M.
General Notes: See: United States Forest Service, Tongass National Forest
undated
1/2 2027-001
Arctic Institute of North America
1 item
1951
1/3 2027-001
Barbeau, Marius
2 items
1948-1951
1/3 2027-001
Barnett, H. G.
1 item
1937
1/3 2027-001
Bascom, William R.
General Notes: See: Journal of American Folklore
undated
1/3 2027-001
Benedict, Ruth
4 items
1936-1942
1/3 2027-001
Beynon, William
16 items
1933-1941
1/4 2027-001
Boas, Franz
14 items
1932-1939
1/4 2027-001
British Columbia, Provincial Fisheries Department
1 item
1934
1/4 2027-001
British Columbia Provincial Museum
1 item
1934
1/4 2027-001
Cahalane, Victor H.
General Notes: See: United States Fish and Wildlife Service
undated
1/4 2027-001
Calvin, Jack
General Notes: See: Sitka Printing Company
undated
1/5 2027-001
Carr, R. W.
1 item
1947
1/5 2027-001
Cohen, Joseph
1 item
1945
1/5 2027-001
Clark, Ella E.
1 item
1954
1/5 2027-001
Columbia University
2 items
1935
1/5 2027-001
Denver Art Museum
6 items
1948-1951
1/5 2027-001
d'Harnoncourt, Rene
General Notes: See: Museum of Modern Art
undated
1/5 2027-001
de Laguna, Frederica
3 items
1940-1950
1/5 2027-001
Dickie, Francis
1 item
1940
1/5 2027-001
Douglas, Frederic H. (Eric)
General Notes: See: Denver Art Museum
undated
1/5 2027-001
Eggan, Fred
1 item
1947
1/5 2027-001
Ennis, Howard T., Jr.
2 items
1946
1/5 2027-001
Fedoroff, George W.
2 items
1950
1/5 2027-001
Forrest, Linn A.
General Notes: See: United States Forest Service, Alaska Region; United States Forest Service, Tongass National Forest
undated
1/5 2027-001
Foster, Don C.
General Notes: See: United States Indian Affairs Office
undated
1/5 2027-001
Hazelton, Elizabeth C.
1 item
1935
1/5 2027-001
Heintzleman, B. Frank
General Notes: See: United States Forest Service, Alaska Region
undated
1/5 2027-001
Henry, Jules
1 item
1936
1/5 2027-001
Hermann, Barbara A.
1 item
1948
1/5 2027-001
Herskovits, Melville J.
1 item
1949
1/5 2027-001
International Pacific Salmon Fisheries Commission
1 item
1944 (?)
1/5 2027-001
Jacobs, Melville
1 item
1936 (?)
1/5 2027-001
Journal of American Folklore
1 item
1947
1/5 2027-001
Keithahn, Edward L.
General Notes: See: Alaska Historical Library and Museum; Wrangell Potlatch, Inc.
undated
1/5 2027-001
Kermode, F.
General Notes: See: British Columbia Provincial Museum
undated
1/5 2027-001
Krieger, H. W.
General Notes: See: United States Smithsonian Institution
undated
1/6 2027-001
Lantis, Margaret
4 items
1948-1953
1/6 2027-001
Linton, Ralph
1 item
1945
1/6 2027-001
Love, Reverend R. J.
1 item
1935
1/6 2027-001
McClellan, Catharine
1 item
1948
1/6 2027-001
McLeod, Jarvis H.
1 item
1934
1/6 2027-001
Magnuson, Warren G.
1 item
1940
1/6 2027-001
Marks, Joshua H.
2 items
1947
1/6 2027-001
Mason, J. Alden
General Notes: See: American Anthropologist; Pennsylvania University Museum
undated
1/6 2027-001
Morrell, Rowe
General Notes: See: United States National Park Service
undated
1/6 2027-001
Murdock, George P.
1 item
General Notes: See also: Society for Applied Anthropology
1944
1/6 2027-001
Murra, John V.
1 item
1947
1/6 2027-001
Museum of the American Indian
1 item
1944
1/6 2027-001
Museum of Modern Art
1 item
1949
1/6 2027-001
National Research Council
3 items
1950
1/6 2027-001
Natural History Magazine
1 item
1949
1/6 2027-001
Nusbaum, Jesse L.
General Notes: See: United States National Park Service
undated
1/6 2027-001
Pennsylvania University Museum
1 item
1941
1/6 2027-001
Pratt, Robert Y.
1 item
1945
1/6 2027-001
Price, Arthur
1 item
1947
1/6 2027-001
Price, Maurice T.
1 item
1948
1/6 2027-001
Reichard, Gladys A.
2 items
1934-1939
1/6 2027-001
Reichard, Richard W.
1 item
1945
1/6 2027-001
Robinson, Will
1 item
1937
1/7 2027-001
Schallerer, Otto C.
4 items
1945-1948
1/7 2027-001
Sitka Printing Company
13 items
1950-1951
1/7 2027-001
Smith, Marion W.
1 item
General Notes: See also: American Association for the Advancement of Science; American Ethnological Society, Inc.
1939
1/7 2027-001
Social Science Research Council
1 item
1946
1/7 2027-001
The Society for Applied Anthropology
1 item
1948
1/7 2027-001
The Stefansson Library
2 items
1947
1/8 2027-001
United States Customs Service
2 items
1940
1/8 2027-001
United States Fish and Wildlife Service
1 item
1940
1/8 2027-001
United States Forest Service
1 item
1940
1/8 2027-001
United States Forest Service, Alaska Region
44 items
1940-1950
1/9 2027-001
United States Forest Service, Tongass National Forest
7 items
1940-1941
1/9 2027-001
United States Indian Affairs Office
2 items
1945-1947
1/9 2027-001
United States Interior Department, Indian Arts and Crafts Board
1 item
1941
1/9 2027-001
United States National Park Service
4 items
1941-1942
1/9 2027-001
United States Smithsonian Institution
3 items
1940-1949
1/9 2027-001
University of Washington Director of Publications
1 item
1941
1/9 2027-001
University of Washington Graduate School
1 item
1936
1/9 2027-001
University of Washington President (Sieg)
1 item
1941
1/9 2027-001
Ward, Ray
General Notes: See: United States Forest Service, Alaska Region
undated
1/9 2027-001
Winslow, Kathryn
1 item
1959
1/9 2027-001
Wirth, Conrad L.
General Notes: See: United States National Park Service
undated
1/9 2027-001
Wrangell Potlatch, Inc.
1 item
1940
1/9 2027-001
Unidentified (Joyce ?)
1 item
undated
Outgoing letters
1934-1951, 1964
Box/Folder Accession
1/10 2027-001
1934-1938
13 items
1934-1938
1/11 2027-001
1940
21 items
1940
1/12 2027-001
1941-1944
19 items
1941-1944
1/13 2027-001
1947-1949
12 items
1947-1949
1/14 2027-001
1950-1951; 1964
21 items
1950-1951; 1964
Speeches and writings
Processing Info: Most of Professor Garfield's speeches and short articles have been dated and arranged chronologically in folders 1/15 to 1/18. Many of the remaining speeches and writings -- folders 1/19 to 2/14 -- are either incomplete or unidentified. They have been grouped, insofar as possible, by name of Indian tribe.
1933-1963
1933, 1944-1945
1933, 1944-1945
Box/Folder Accession
1/15 2027-001
"The Dog Eaters"
1/15 2027-001
"Tribal Territories in Southeastern Alaska"
1/15 2027-001
"Ownership of Food Producing Areas"
1/15 2027-001
"Salmon Fishing"
1/15 2027-001
"Chieftainship"
1/15 2027-001
"Tlingit and Haida Social System"
1/15 2027-001
"A Research Problem in Northwest Indian Economics"
1945-1948
1945-1948
Box/Folder Accession
1/16 2027-001
"The Tlingit, Haida and Tsimshian Indians of Southeastern Alaska"
1/16 2027-001
"Historical Aspects of Tlingit Clans in Angoon, Alaska"
1/16 2027-001
"Notes on Elaborations of Guardian Spirit Concept by Northwest Coast Tribes"
1/16 2027-001
"Columnar Carvings of the Tlingit and Alaska Haida"
1950
1950
Box/Folder Accession
1/17 2027-001
"Status of Southeastern Alaska Indians"
1950
1/17 2027-001
"Alaska Natives -- Borrowers and Innovators"
1950
1/17 2027-001
"Survey of Southeastern Alaskan Indian Research"
Scope and Content: Includes lengthy bibliography
1950
1/17 2027-001
"Research in Southeastern Alaska and Status of Indians" (abstract -- advance copy)
1950
1951-1953, 1963
1951-1953, 1963
Box/Folder Accession
1/18 2027-001
"Possibilities of Genetic Relationship in Northern Pacific Moiety Structures"
1/18 2027-001
"Stylization of Motifs in Northwest Coast Indian Art"
1951-1953, 1963
1951-1953, 1963
Box/Folder Accession
1/18 2027-001
"Antecedents of Totem Pole Carving"
1/18 2027-001
"Contemporary Problems of Folklore Collecting and Study"
1/18 2027-001
"Indians of Southeastern Alaska"
1/19 2027-001
"Change in the Marriage Customs of the Tsimshian" (Master's thesis)
1/20 2027-001
"The Tsimshian in Alaska"
1/20 2027-001
"The Tsimshian and their Arts"
2/1-3 2027-001
"Modern Tsimshian Decorative Art"
Scope and Content: Manuscript portions, notes, drawings and photographs covering such topics as the carving of a chief's rattle, decoration of a bentwood box and other art work done at Port Simpson, British Columbia for, and under supervision of, Viola Garfield in 1934. The Tsimshian carvers whose work is described here were Fred Alexcee and Bryan Peel.
2/4 2027-001
Unidentified manuscript on Tsimshian
2/5 2027-001
"Haida Migrations to Alaska" (unfinished manuscript and notes)
2/6 2027-001
"The Tlingit, Eyak and Haida Indians of S.W. Alaska" (article for Encyclopedia Arctica)
2/7 2027-001
"The Tlingit, Haida and Tsimshian Tribes of Southeastern Alaska"
2/8 2027-001
"The Haida"
2/8 2027-001
"Classifying Totem Poles" (Haida)
2/8 2027-001
"Northern Tlingit Columnar Carvings"
2/9 2027-001
Unidentified manuscript (Tlingit migration and settlement?)
2/10 2027-001
Unidentified manuscript
2/11-12 2027-001
Meet the Totem (various manuscript versions)
2/13 2027-001
"White Man on a Totem Pole"
2/14 2027-001
"The Seattle Totem Pole"
2/15 2027-001
Reviews
By others than Garfield:
Box/Folder Accession
3/1 2027-001
Allen, Rosemary A., "Changing Social Organization and Kinship among the Alaskan Haidas"
undated
3/2 2027-001
Banks, Delia Murray, "A Trip to Iliamna Lake in 1898," from the Diary of Hugh Rodman
undated
3/3 2027-001
Blackman, Margaret B., "Totems to Tombstones"
undated
3/4 2027-001
Dodd, Harvey W. and Henry W. Mellen, "Tales of the Tlingets"
undated
3/5 2027-001
Drucker, Philip, "The Antiquity of the Northwest Coast Totem Pole"
undated
3/6 2027-001
Duff, Wilson, "Totem Poles of the Upper Skeena"
undated
3/7 2027-001
Gsovski, V., "Russian Material Available in the Library of Congress on the Tlingit and Haida Indians of Alaska"
undated
3/8 2027-001
Haeberlin, Hermann, and Erna Gunther, "Ethnographische Notizen über die Indianerstämme des Puget-Sundes"
undated
3/9 2027-001
Holmgren, R. S. and L. S. Parker, "Training of Eskimo Sanitation Aides in Western Alaska"
undated
3/10 2027-001
Robertson, R. E., "Alaskan Aboriginees are Favored Citizens"
undated
3/11 2027-001
Rochlitzer, Joseph M., "The Economic Value of Slavery Among the Northern North Pacific Coast Indian Tribes"
undated
3/12 2027-001
Sapir, Edward, "Nass River Terms of Relationship"
undated
3/13 2027-001
United States Interior Department, "The Problem of Alaskan Development"
undated
3/14 2027-001
Excerpts and brief miscellaneous articles by Sapir, Boas, Swanton, Newcombe, Swadesh, and Barbeau
undated
Oral literature
Scope and Content: Except for folder 3/15 these files consist of transcriptions by Viola Garfield of myth-tales and personal experiences or recollections of various native informants.
undated
Box/Folder Accession
3/15 2027-001
"Ah Mo" -- Washington Indian fables as collected and told by Judge Arthur E. Griffin
undated
3/16 2027-001
Tlingit informants
undated
3/17-22 2027-001
Tsimshian
Scope and Content: Alexander Morrison was informant for most of this material.
undated
3/23 2027-001
Experiences of Mrs. Eliza Ross
undated
Notes
undated
Box/Folder Accession
4/1 2027-001
Lecture notes for Anthropology 416 -- North American Indians
undated
4/2 2027-001
Lecture notes for Anthropology 431 -- Primitive Literature
undated
4/3 2027-001
Tsimshian marriage -- clan and tribal affiliation
undated
5/1 2027-001
Locations of poles
undated
5/2 2027-001
Poles in Ketchikan
undated
5/3 2027-001
Saxman; Klawak Poles
Processing Info: Numbers keyed to Viola Garfield Photograph Collection.
undated
5/4 2027-001
Haida carved poles / house construction
Scope and Content: Includes life of carver, John Wallace.
Processing Info: Numbers keyed to Viola Garfield Photograph Collection.
undated
5/5 2027-001
Totem pole restoration (1930s) and establishment of Totem Parks
undated
5/6 2027-001
Carved and painted partitions; button blankets
General Notes: See also: correspondence with Eric Douglas of Denver Art Museum; also outgoing letter of February 24, 1951.
undated
5/7 2027-001
Shamanism
undated
5/8 2027-001
Kaigani Haida towns -- description/population
undated
5/9 2027-001
Miscellaneous -- Indians' territorial claims
undated
5/10 2027-001
Miscellaneous
Scope and Content: Including some notes of William Beynon, made at Port Simpson, British Columbia.
undated
5/11 2027-001
Miscellaneous
undated
Box/Folder Accession
5/12 2027-001
Drawings by Steven Dunthorne
undated
5/13 2027-001
Conference programs
undated
5/14 2027-001
Appointment papers
undated
Reports
1944-1945, undated
Box/Folder Accession
5/15 2027-001
Historical and Legal Materials Relative to The Tlingit and Haida Claims Act of 1935
undated
5/16-17 2027-001
United States Department of Interior Hearings on Native Claims
1944
5/18 2027-001
Judge's Findings -- Native Claims
1945
5/19 2027-001
"Possessory Rights of the Natives of S.E. Alaska," Walter Goldschmidt and Theodore Haas
undated
Box/Folder Accession
6/1-2 2027-001
Clippings
Scope and Content: Many of these clippings pertain to the potlatch held in Wrangell in 1940.
1940, undated
Miscellany
1927-1935, 1952
Box/Folder Accession
6/3-4 2027-001
Bibliography: "Raven Myths in Northwestern North America and Northeastern Asia" by Ann Chowning
1952
6/3-4 2027-001
List of degrees in anthropology granted by American Institutions
1927-1935
Box/Folder Accession
6/5 2027-001
Ephemera
undated
Annotated publications
1943-1959
Box/Folder Accession
6/6 2027-001
Edward L. Keithahn, Native Alaskan Art in the State Historical Museum, Juneau. Alaska
1959
6/7 2027-001
Anthropology in British Columbia, Numbers 1-2
1950, 1951
6/8 2027-001
DYN, The Review of Modern Art, Numbers 4-5
1943
Box/Folder Accession
6/9 2027-001
Tape recordings
3 reel-to-reel tapes and 3 audiocassettes (copies).
Scope and Content: Tsimshian songs from Port Simpson, British Columbia: potlatch song and power song by Mathew Johnson, nursery song by Mrs. Moody, drinking song and secret society song.
Processing Info: These are 1952 reel-to-reel tapes copied from the original 1932 recordings. These were later copied to audiocassette (user copy).
1952, undated
Field notebooks
1928-1950
Box Accession
7 2027-001
Ketchikan, Alaska
2 volumes
1928
7 2027-001
Metlakatla, Alaska
1 volume
1930
7 2027-001
Port Simpson, British Columbia
9 volumes plus index
1932
8 2027-001
Port Simpson
Box Accession
8 2027-001
Informants: W. Smith, Mrs. Marsden, Wm. Beynon, Mrs. J. Ross, Fred Alexcee, Bryan Peel
6 volumes
1934
8 2027-001
Informant: Alexander Morrison
3 volumes
1937
8 2027-001
Kasaan -- information on poles
1 volume
Processing Info: Keyed to Garfield Photo Collection
1940
8 2027-001
Kake -- various informants
1 volume
1943-1944
9 2027-001
Various informants
12 volumes plus 2 volumes index
Scope and Content: Volume IX is an index of tribal names and personal names with translations.
1935-1937
10 2027-001
Miscellaneous volumes
9 volumes
Scope and Content: Fieldwork done at Ketchikan, Hydaburg, Klawock, Kake, and Angoon
1934-1950

Accession No. 2027-002: Viola Edmundson Garfield papers, 1929-1978 (bulk 1947-1976)Return to Top

.42 cubic feet (1 box)
Arrangement: Arranged in 6 series:
  • Biographical features
  • Correspondence
  • Speeches and writings
  • Artifacts
  • Clippings
  • American Ethnological Society report

Scope and Content: Correspondence, 1948-1978; speeches and writings by Garfield and others, 1941-1978; artifacts of braided hair and woven bark; biographical ephemera such as speaking itineraries and retirement-related matter, 1929-1970; newspaper clippings, 1950-1967; and annual reports from the American Ethnological Society, 1960-63. Also includes 3 slides with Viola Garfield identified in a group.

Restrictions on Access: Open to all users.

Acquisition Info: Slides showing Viola Garfield donated by Dorothy LeSourd Sherman, January 15, 1999.

No other acquisition information available.

Container(s) Description Dates
Biographical features
1929-1970
Box Accession
1 2027-002
General
Scope and Content: Includes 3 slides showing Viola Garfield.
1929-1970
1 2027-002
Retirement
Scope and Content: Letters and notes pertaining to Dr. Garfield's retirement
1970
Correspondence
1948-1978
Box Accession
1 2027-002
Culbert, Sidney S.
1950
1 2027-002
Duff, Wilson
2 items
1969, 1971
1 2027-002
Elsasser, Albert B.
1961
1 2027-002
Foster, Clarence B.
Scope and Content: Includes photographs
1961
1 2027-002
Gunther, Erna
1960
1 2027-002
Harley, C. Frederick
Scope and Content: Copy of a letter sent to Penny Johnson
1962
1 2027-002
Katz, Solomon
3 items
1961
1 2027-002
Monroe, Robert D.
Scope and Content: Includes inventory of Dr. Garfield's gifts to the University of Washington
1978
1 2027-002
McKeown, Martha
1959
1 2027-002
Moore, Turrall
General Notes: See also: Speeches and writings by others series, American Philosophical Society Library
1976
1 2027-002
Proctor, Minnette
1948
1 2027-002
Read, W. M.
1960
1 2027-002
Schramm, Lloyd
1950
1 2027-002
Smith, Norman L.
General Notes: See also: Subject files - Artifacts
1961
1 2027-002
Speer, Tom -- Christmas card
1969
1 2027-002
Urquhart, Jerry -- Christmas card
1964
1 2027-002
Whitman, Dan
Scope and Content: A copy of a letter sent to Dr. Erna Gunther
1950
1 2027-002
Unidentified
1969
Speeches and writings
1941-1978, undated
By Garfield
Box Accession
1 2027-002
"A Research Problem in Northwest Indian Economics"
undated
1 2027-002
"A Study of Northwest Coast Native Art" -- program outline
undated
1 2027-002
"Historical Aspects of Tlingit Clans in Angoon, Alaska"
Scope and Content: Reprinted from American Anthropologist, volume 49, number 3.
1947
1 2027-002
"Making a Bird or Chief's Rattle"
2 copies
Scope and Content: Reprinted from the Davidson Journal of Anthropology, volume 1, number 2.
1955
1 2027-002
"Notes on Elaborations of Guardian Spirit Concept by Northwest Coast Tribes"
Scope and Content: Prepared for an Anthropological meeting in Albuquerque
1947
1 2027-002
"Possibilities of Genetic Relationship in Northern Pacific Moiety Structures"
Scope and Content: Abstract and paper presented at 'Anthropology: American Association for the Advancement of Science' meeting
1951
1 2027-002
"Research in Alaska"
Scope and Content: Presented to the Research Club
1953
1 2027-002
"Status of Southeastern Alaska Indians"
1950
1 2027-002
"The Seattle Totem Pole"
undated
1 2027-002
"Tsimshian"
Scope and Content: A reprint from Dr. Garfield's definition entered in the Encyclopaedia Brittanica.
1967
Reviews by Garfield
Box Accession
1 2027-002
Pathfinders in the North Pacific by Marius Barbeau
1958
1 2027-002
The Native Brotherhoods: Modern Intertribal Organizations on the Northwest Coast by Philip Drucker
1960
1 2027-002
The Story of a Tlingit Community: A Problem in the Relationship Between Archaeological, Ethnological and Historical Methods by Frederica de Laguna
1960
Speeches and writings by others
Box Accession
1 2027-002
American Philosophical Society Library -- "Process of Change from Matrilineal to Patrilineal Inheritance as Illustrated in Building, Ownership, and Transmission of Houses and House Sites in a Tsimshian Village," author unknown
General Notes: See: Correspondence -- Moore, Turrall
undated
1 2027-002
Anderson, John Arthur C., "The Indian Shaker Religion"
Scope and Content: Anthropology 311 paper
1968
1 2027-002
Beynon, William, "The Tsimshians of Metlakatla, Alaska"
Scope and Content: Photocopied from American Anthropologist 1941; including a photocopy of Beynon's 1937 map of Port Simpson
1941
1 2027-002
Conn, Richard, "Athabascan and Northwest Coast Clothing: A Descriptive Survey"
Scope and Content: Anthropology 111 paper
1948
1 2027-002
Nagel, Carlos R., "Dwelling House and Smoke House of the Chilkat"
Scope and Content: Paper presented as part of a General Studies Bachelor of Arts Degree project, including photographs of the scale models built for the project
1958
1 2027-002
Ness, Lawrence H., "The Whaling Organization and the Nootkan Indians"
Scope and Content: Anthropology 311 paper.
1968
1 2027-002
Unidentified, "Social Psychology. With Detailed Analysis of Two Members of One Family"
Scope and Content: Most likely a student's paper.
undated
Northwest Coast Studies Conference papers
Scope and Content: Rough drafts, abstracts, and papers prepared for the Northwest Coast Studies Conference, May 12-16, 1976, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
1976
Box Accession
1 2027-002
Blackman, Margaret B., "Northern Haida Ecology: A Preliminary Discussion"
Scope and Content: Rough draft.
undated
1 2027-002
Croes, Dale R., "Water - Saturated Archaeological Sites (Wet Sites) on the Northwest Coast of North America" -- report
undated
1 2027-002
Dauenhauer, Richard, Yuwaan Gageets: A Russian Fairy Tale in Tlingit Oral Tradition
undated
1 2027-002
Drucker, Philip, Tlingit and Haida, Inc.: Success Story
undated
1 2027-002
Dunn, John A., Tsimshian Internal Relations Reconsidered (Part 1)
undated
1 2027-002
Eastman, Carol M., Language Re-Introduction on the Northwest Coast as a factor of Ethnicity and Modernization: A Suggestion for Language Policy
undated
1 2027-002
Elmendorf, William W., "Coast and Plateau Salish Power Concepts, Rituals, and Social Structures: A Comparative and Processual Analysis"
Scope and Content: Rough draft
undated
1 2027-002
Fitzpatrick, Darleen, Indian Shakerism: God, The Spirit and Other Sacred Symbols
Scope and Content: Original and revised copy
undated
1 2027-002
Goldman, Irving, "Ritual Distribution and Exchange Among the Southern Kwakiutl: A Cosmological Perspective"
Scope and Content: A brief summary of Goldman's monograph, The Mouth of Heaven: An Introduction to Kwakiutl Religious Thought
undated
1 2027-002
Hansen, Karen Tranberg, Coping with Change: Urban Migration. Strategies of Reorientation Among American Indians and Anthropologists
undated
1 2027-002
Jacobsen, William H. Jr., Wakashan
undated
1 2027-002
Kasakoff, Alice Bee, "Open and Closed Marriage Systems on the Northwest Coast"
Scope and Content: First draft
undated
1 2027-002
Kenyon, Susan M., The Nature of the Nootkan Local Group; Kinship and Descent on the West Coast of Vancouver Island
undated
1 2027-002
Kew, Michaeal, Salmon Abundance, Technology and Human Populations on the Fraser River Watershed
undated
1 2027-002
Kinkade, M. Dale, "The Salishan Languages"
undated
1 2027-002
Kinkade, M. Dale, Areal Features in the Northwest
undated
1 2027-002
Lamers, Frans, Sekani Adaptation - An Analysis of Technological Strategies and Processes
undated
1 2027-002
Langdon, Steve, The Development of the Nootkan Cultural System
undated
1 2027-002
Lundy, Doris, "Style of Coastal Rock Art" -- a preliminary draft
1976
1 2027-002
McNeary, Stephen A., Tsimshian Matriliny as an Instrument of Alliance
undated
1 2027-002
Miller, Jay, The Northwest Coast of What?
undated
1 2027-002
Morgan, Lawrence R., "Kootenay-Salishan: A Preview of Evidence for a Genetic Relationship"
undated
1 2027-002
Oswalt, Wendell H., The Technology of Salmon Procurement
undated
1 2027-002
Pilling, Arnold R., Yurok Systems of Social Stratification
undated
1 2027-002
Powell, J. V., Chimakuan - Wakashan: Evidence of Genetic Relationship
undated
1 2027-002
Rosman, Abraham and Rubel, Paula G., Marriage and Descent as Manifestations of Structure on the Northwest Coast
undated
1 2027-002
Rubel, Paula G. and Rosman, Abraham, The Potlach Model as Structural Type
undated
1 2027-002
Silverstein, Michael, Time Perspective in Northern and Western Penutian
undated
1 2027-002
Stryd, Arnoud H., Prehistoric Mobile Art from the Mid-Fraser and Thompson River Areas of Interior British Columbia
undated
1 2027-002
Suttles, Wayne, Productivity and its Constraints -- a Coast Salish Case
undated
1 2027-002
Thompson, Nile, Balancing the Power of Indian Doctors in Southern Coast Salish Societies
undated
1 2027-002
Tro, Roger P., Ethnohistory and Northwest Coast Studies
undated
1 2027-002
Vaughan, J. Daniel, Haida Potlach and Society: Testings of a Structural Analysis
undated
1 2027-002
Walens, Stanley G., Feasting with Cannibals-II
undated
1 2027-002
Weightman, Barbara A., Strategies of Reorientation: Musqueam - An Urban Reserve
undated
Box Accession
1 2027-002
Artifacts
Scope and Content: Braided hair and woven bark samples sent to Garfield by Norman Smith, from Alaska. Included is a copy of Dr. Garfield's reply and analysis of the items.
General Notes: See also: Correspondence -- Smith, Norman L.
undated
1 2027-002
Clippings -- miscellaneous articles
1950-1967
1 2027-002
American Ethnological Society report
Scope and Content: Annual Report of the Secretary with Minutes of the Board Meeting and the Society's Newsletter, edited by Garfield
1960-1963

Accession No. 2027-003: Viola Edmundson Garfield papers, 1944-1970Return to Top

.21 cubic feet (1 box)

Scope and Content: Correspondence, book reviews, clippings, notes, ephemeral publications; 1944-1970.

Restrictions on Access: Open to all users.

Acquisition Info: Gift of the Garfield Estate via Special Collections, January 5, 1984.

Container(s) Description Dates
Box/Folder Accession
1/1 2027-003
Clippings: The Wolf and the Raven
1949-1950
1/2 2027-003
Book reviews: The Wolf and the Raven
1949-1950
Correspondence
1952-1961
Box/Folder Accession
1/3 2027-003
Rosemary (no last name) to Garfield
Scope and Content: Christmas card
1956 January 2
1/3 2027-003
Altman, Ralph C. to Garfield
Scope and Content: Includes photograph
1952 January 30
1/3 2027-003
Osborne, Dr. Douglas from Lydel Sims
1958 March 6
1/3 2027-003
Sims, Mr. Lydel from Garfield
1958 March 18
1/3 2027-003
Osborne, Dr. Douglas to Garfield
undated
1/3 2027-003
Osborne, Dr. Douglas from Garfield
1958 March 17
1/3 2027-003
Elsasser, Albert B. to Garfield
1961 January 31
1/3 2027-003
Harley, C. Frederick to Garfield
Scope and Content: Includes photograph
1958 September 24
1/3 2027-003
Foster, C. B. to Garfield
Scope and Content: Includes photograph
1961 February 17
1/3 2027-003
Gray, Maxine Cushing to Garfield
Scope and Content: Includes clipping
1952 January 1
Box/Folder Accession
1/4 2027-003
Notes and proofs: Shake Island, Garfield Album #25; Shake Island, Garfield Album #25; The Wolf and the Raven, Garfield Album #26.
Scope and Content:
undated
1/5 2027-003
Brochures and clippings
1944-1970
1/6 2027-003
Script: Reading for Fun broadcast -- The Wolf and the Raven
1949
1/7 2027-003
Miscellany
circa 1963-1970

Accession No. 2027-004: Viola Edmundson Garfield diploma, 1939Return to Top

1 item

Scope and Content: Columbia University doctoral diploma, 1939.

Restrictions on Access: Open to all users.

Accession No. 2027-005: Viola Edmundson Garfield papers, 1925-1960Return to Top

0.26 cubic feet (1 box)

Scope and Content: Scrapbook of two journeys. Viola Garfield's honeymoon trip from July through August 1925 is 12 pages with 6 photos including group photos and landscapes. Viola and her husband, Charles Garfield, travelled on the S.S Alaska from Seattle through Ketchikan, Juneau, Port Althorp, Harding Entrance, Anchorage, Valdez, Cordova, Petersburg, and Wrangell. Along the way they met friends and new acquaintances. They stayed in some of the towns for multiple nights and visited canneries, fisheries, restaurants, and local entertainments. The Seattle to Alaska and Back Again six week journey from June through August 1926 consists of 43 pages with 28 photos. Viola and Charles travelled on the Dorothy Alexander to Victoria, Ketchikan, by the Taku Glacier, Skagway, Sitka, Norris, Juneau, Port Althorp, Valdez, Anchorage, Fairbanks, Chatanika, Savage River, Curry, Matanuska, Chickaloon, Port Chatham, Iron Creek, Spruce Island, Kodiak, Seward, and Cordova. At the end of the scrapbook are radio news and newspaper clippings.

Also included is a 1960 grade-school paper on Alaska statehood by Elizabeth Heath (great-niece of Viola Garfield), with photographs and ephemera provided to her by Viola Garfield.

Restrictions on Access: No restrictions on access.

The Viola Garfield scrapbook was string bound but dismantled due to the paper crumbling at the binding. Each section has been placed in separate folders. The photos in the wood marvels section of Elizabeth Heath's paper about Alaska were removed, sleeved, and put into a folder in the same box. The photos are numbered and the numbers correspond to the finding aid folder field.

Restrictions on Use: Creator's copyrights transferred to the University of Washington Libraries Special Collections.

Acquisition Info: Nancy Plaisance (niece) and Elizabeth Heath (great-niece)

Container(s) Description Dates
Series 1: Alaska Statehood Paper
Scope and Content: A 1960 grade-school paper on Alaska statehood by Elizabeth Heath's (great-niece of Viola Garfield), with photographs and ephemera provided to her by Viola Garfield
Wood Marvels
Box/Folder Accession
1/1.1 2027-005
Sign at entrance to new Kasaan, Prince of Wales memorial restored by C.C.C. (W.P.A.) Haida
Scope and Content: removed from scrapbook, sleeved, and put in folder separately in same box.
1939
1/1.2 top and bottom 2027-005
Model at Entrance to New Kasaan native parts installed in 1930s; Frame of home new Kasaan, Prince of Wales Island Alaska Haida showing rear house posts in place
Scope and Content: removed from scrapbook, sleeved, and put in folder separately in same box.
approximately 1939
1/1.3 2027-005
Modern monument with Eagle ? top New Kasaan Prince of Wales Island Alaska Haida
Scope and Content: removed from scrapbook, sleeved, and put in folder separately in same box.
1/1.4 left and right 2027-005
Sam Pule and his parents grave, New Kasaan Prince of Wales Island; Saxman ? O. Schallerer received 1953 Ketchikan
Scope and Content: removed from scrapbook, sleeved, and put in folder separately in same box.
1/1.5 2027-005
Grave markers Kasaan Prince of Wales island Haida
Scope and Content: removed from scrapbook, sleeved, and put in folder separately in same box.
approximately 1939
1/1.6 2027-005
Grave on arlsen Kasaan Prince of Wales Island Alaska Sealion and snau
Scope and Content: removed from scrapbook, sleeved, and put in folder separately in same box.
approximately 1939
1/1.7 2027-005
Hawkau Prince of Wales Island Haida Indians S.E. Alaska a brown bear grave marker
Scope and Content: removed from scrapbook, sleeved, and put in folder separately in same box.
1/1.8 2027-005
Grave marker for a woman "two Eagles" located at Kasaan Prince of Wales Island Alaska frog at base
Scope and Content: removed from scrapbook, sleeved, and put in folder separately in same box.
1/1.9 top and bottom 2027-005
Reconstruction of Haida House, New Kasaan Prince of Wales Island Alaska C.C.C.; the original was in Kasaan, Prince of Wales island Haida Put up in 1898 by Kate Gamede for her white husband (at top of pole) in 1898 moved to New Kasaan in 1939
Scope and Content: removed from scrapbook, sleeved, and put in folder separately in same box.
1939
1/1.10 2027-005
Frame of Haida house New Kasaan Prince of Wales Island built approximately 1885 Haida
Scope and Content: removed from scrapbook, sleeved, and put in folder separately in same box.
1/1.11 2027-005
Frame of Haida house New Kasaan Prince of Wales Island Haida house built about 1885
Scope and Content: removed from scrapbook, sleeved, and put in folder separately in same box.
1/1.12 top and bottom 2027-005
House post new Kasaan Prince of Wales Island Haida Raven at top holding a "sea dog" tail Raven also at base; inside of restored Haida house New Kasaan Prince of Wales Island Haida Two side poles-the hero who conquered seal lions
Scope and Content: removed from scrapbook, sleeved, and put in folder separately in same box.
1/1.13 2027-005
House post new Kasaan man who tone sealions in two on one pole wearing a marmot hear dress
Scope and Content: removed from scrapbook, sleeved, and put in folder separately in same box.
1/1.14 2027-005
Kasaan Prince of Wales Island Alaska Haida tribe. Mr. Spencer a white man at top of pole, pole financed by his widow 1898
Scope and Content: removed from scrapbook, sleeved, and put in folder separately in same box.
1/1.15 2027-005
Totem pole. Front of house at New Kasaan Haida village on Prince of Wales Island Alaska house built about 1885
Scope and Content: removed from scrapbook, sleeved, and put in folder separately in same box.
Agriculture
Box/Folder Accession
1/2 2027-005
Write up by Elizabeth Heath
History
Box/Folder Accession
1/2 2027-005
Write up by Elizabeth Heath
Pamphlets and News clippings
Box/Folder Accession
1/2 2027-005
Christmas morning
loose
1959
1/2 2027-005
Laughlin Tours Alaska and the Yukon
Scope and Content: pamphlet
1/2 2027-005
Pacific Northern Airlines to Alaska
loose
Scope and Content: pamphlet
1/2 2027-005
Report on 1959 Alaska Game Year
loose
1959
1/2 2027-005
Celebration After Statehood Fight
loose
Scope and Content: newspaper clipping
1/2 2027-005
Farm clearing near Chugach Mountains
loose
1/2 2027-005
Charles Brown "King of the Arctic" treks to frozen grave
loose
1/2 2027-005
Man hunting Nanny (goat)
loose
1/2 2027-005
This is how the Sourdoughs travels (dog team)
Scope and Content: newspaper clipping
1/2 2027-005
Winter Flying in Alaska
Scope and Content: newspaper clipping
1/2 2027-005
Norwegian Dance in the 49th state, Matanuska Valley's Fertile Farm Land Symbol of Strength
Scope and Content: newspaper clippings
1/2 2027-005
Potatoes from Northern Alaska
Scope and Content: newspaper clipping
1/2 2027-005
Scenic Douglas-Juneau Area
Scope and Content: newspaper clipping
1/2 2027-005
Natural Resources of New State
Scope and Content: newspaper clipping
1/2 2027-005
Oil Furs to Help Pay State Expense
loose
Scope and Content: newspaper clipping
1/2 2027-005
Grim and Ready Soldier Atop Tank Waits
Scope and Content: newspaper clipping
1/2 2027-005
Foldoes of Fairbanks cabin home
loose
1/2 2027-005
Foldoes garden
loose
1/2 2027-005
Naturalist Saved fur seals from Extinction; Grizzly bear, Hunt the easy way
loose
Scope and Content: newspaper clippings
1/2 2027-005
Menu: Alaska Steamship Company
1/2 2027-005
A handbook of Vacation Trips in Alaska and the Yukon On the White Pass and Yukon Route
loose
Scope and Content: pamphlet
1/2 2027-005
University of Washington Summer School Cruise
loose
Scope and Content: pamphlet
1/2 2027-005
Alaska Cruise University of Washington Summer Cruise
Scope and Content: pamphlet
1941
1/2 2027-005
Silver from the Sea
1/2 2027-005
Alaska University of Washington Summer School Cruise
loose
Scope and Content: pamphlet
1/2 2027-005
My Alaska Cruise
loose
Scope and Content: pamphlet
Cities
Box/Folder Accession
1/2 2027-005
List of Cities and Forts
1/2 2027-005
Fast growing Anchorage-Alaska's largest city
Maps
Box/Folder Accession
1/2 2027-005
Hand drawn map number 1
1/2 2027-005
Map number 2
Reports
Box/Folder Accession
1/2 2027-005
This is the Real Alaska
1/2 2027-005
The Historic Inside Passage
Series 2: Scrapbooks
Scope and Content: Scrapbook of two journeys
Box/Folder Accession
1/3 2027-005
The Honeymoon Trip
12 pages and a title page
Scope and Content: Each day has a description. There is a group photo on page 2, a railroad photo on page 4, group photos on page 6, and a group photo with a car on page 10. In the first group photo is Mrs. Fred Grennell, Mrs. Peggy Love, Mrs. Taylor, Mrs. Blackford, Mr. Wilbur Coman, Viola Garfield, Dr. John Blackford, Fred Grennell, and Mrs. Coman
July-August 1925
1/4 2027-005
Seattle to Alaska and Back Again, six weeks
43 pages with some interleaved
Scope and Content: Photo of Viola and Chas Garfield on page 4, Sitka totem pole photo on page 8, Sheldon Jackson School and religious figure photo on page 9, photos of landmarks on page 10, Old Russian Block House and landscape photos page 11, Wrangell Narrows Petersburg Alaska photo page 12, The Admiral Line Pacific Steamship Company pamphlet page 12, The Resurrection photo between page 16 and 17, "Airplane crashes when motor fails" newspaper clippings between page 17 and 18, the Corrals Savage River Camp photo page 21, Chas and Viola Garfield photo page 22, photo of landscape with tent page 23, photo of Howard and Jesson Coal Mine Moose Creek on page 25, photo of Chickaloon coal mining page 26, group photo and train at Chickaloon page 27, photo of crossing the river page 28, the gas car photo on page 29, traveling by "tra?" on Copper Rim Railroad Alaska on page 30, Dr. Garfield and 32 Anthropology Students Through newspaper clippings 1940 between page 31 and 32, Kodiak landscape photos on page 33 and on verso side two photos of Port Hobron, three photos of Kodiak on page 34 and on verso three photos of a whale at Port Hobron, photo of Natives drying salmon on page 35, poster of Mt Rainier between page 36 and 37, newspaper clippings between page 40 and 41 about S.S. Admiral Watson and on clippings on verso.
June-August 1926
1/5 2027-005
Radio news
Scope and Content: Located after the Seattle to Alaska and Back again trip
1926, 1932
1/6 2027-005
newspaper clippings
Scope and Content: Senator Garfield is en route to Seward on Annual Trip Territory, Conditions are reported fine around Kodiak, The message from Garfield, Garfield Sees Much Progress, Garfield Described Activities Alaska seen Present Tou, and others.
1926

Names and SubjectsReturn to Top

Subject Terms

  • Anthropology--Study and teaching (Higher)--Washington (State)--Seattle
  • Indians of North America--Northwest Coast of North America
  • Tsimshian Indians
  • University Archives/Faculty Papers (University of Washington)
  • Women anthropologists--Washington (State)--Seattle--Archives

Personal Names

  • Benedict, Ruth, 1887-1948--Correspondence
  • Beynon, William, d. 1969--Correspondence
  • Boas, Franz, 1858-1942--Correspondence
  • Garfield, Viola Edmundson, 1899-1983--Archives

Corporate Names

  • United States. Forest Service. Alaska Region

Geographical Names

  • Metlakatla (Alaska)
  • Port Simpson (B.C.)

Occupations

  • Anthropologists
  • College teachers

Other Creators

  • Corporate Names
    • University of Washington. University Archives