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Russian Tsars and Monarchs photograph collection, approximately 1870
Overview of the Collection
- Title
- Russian Tsars and Monarchs photograph collection
- Dates
- approximately 1870 (inclusive)18701870
- Quantity
- 52 photographic prints (1 box)
- Collection Number
- PH0452
- Summary
- Photographs of Russian Monarchs circa 1870
- Repository
-
University of Washington Libraries, Special Collections
Special Collections
University of Washington Libraries
Box 352900
Seattle, WA
98195-2900
Telephone: 2065431929
Fax: 2065431931
speccoll@uw.edu - Access Restrictions
Entire collection can be viewed on the Libraries’ Digital Collections website. Permission of Visual Materials Curator is required to view originals. Contact Special Collections for more information.
- Additional Reference Guides
- Languages
- English
Historical BackgroundReturn to Top
The albumen photographs of drawings in this collection of Russian tsars and monarchs span a period beginning with Runik, a Nordic Varangian chieftain whose reign as the Prince of Novgorod began in 862 AD, up through Nicolas I, Emperor of Russia whose reign ended in 1855.
The vast area referred to today as Russia has historically been known by various names, including Rus', Kievan Rus', the Grand Duchy of Moscow (Muscovy), the Tsardom of Russia and the Russian Empire. Likewise, the sovereigns of these areas have a wide a range of titles in their positions as ruler.
In general, the Grand Duke of Kiev was the title of the Kievan Rus’ ruler from the 10th to the 14th Century. From 1328, the Grand Duke of Muscovy appeared as the Grand Duke for "all of Russia" until 1547 when Ivan IV was crowned as Tsar. In 1721, when the Empire of Russia was declared, the monarch was called Emperor.
Content DescriptionReturn to Top
Albumen photographs of drawings of Russian tsars and monarchs.
Other Descriptive InformationReturn to Top
The Library of Congress Name Authority File record is used for naming individuals, except where noted.
Numbered photographic prints of drawings and etchings are mounted on cards with 2 each per card on 26 cards
Use of the CollectionReturn to Top
Alternative Forms Available
View the digital version of the collection
Restrictions on Use
Restrictions may exist on reproduction, quotation, or publication. Contact Special Collections, University of Washington Libraries for details.
Preferred Citation
Administrative InformationReturn to Top
Detailed Description of the CollectionReturn to Top
Princes of Rus', 862–1547Return to Top
From before the 9th Century, parts of the land known today as Russia was populated by various East Slavic peoples. The Rus' people, a branch of Nordic Varangians who entered the region sometime in the ninth century set up a series of states starting with the Rus' Khaganate around 830.
| Container(s) | Description | Dates | |
|---|---|---|---|
Prince of Novgorod |
|||
| Box/Folder | item | ||
| 1/1 | 1 |
Rurik, 830?-879 According to the 12th-century "Primary Chronicle," Rurik was a
Varangian chieftain of the Rus' people who gained control of Ladoga in 862 and
built the Holmgard settlement near Novgorod. He was the founder of the Rurik
Dynasty and reigned from 862-879.
|
1870? |
Grand Princes and Dukes of Kiev Oleg, the Grand Duke of Kiev, was Rurik's successor and he
moved the capital to Kiev, founding the state of Kievan Rus', a territory
covering what is now parts of Russia, the Ukraine and Belarus. Over the next
several centuries, the most important titles were those of the Grand Prince of
Kiev and Grand Prince of Novgorod whose holder (often the same person) could
claim power over all the areas.
|
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| Box/Folder | item | ||
| 1/1 | 2 |
Oleg, Grand Duke of Kiev, 855?-912 Also known as Oleg of Novgorod, he was a Varangian prince who
seized control of Kiev from Askold, a prince of Kiev, laying the foundation of
the powerful state of Kievan Rus'. He reigned from 882-912.
|
1870? |
| 1/1 | 3 |
Igor', Grand Duke of Kiev, 878?-945 Also known as Igor I, he was a Varangian and the son of Rurik,
the first ruler of Rus'. Due to his excesive greed in collecting tributes from
the Drevlians, they killed him in 945. There is controversy about when he
reigned, some sources citing that he reigned from 913?-945, while others cite
from 941-945.
|
1870? |
| 1/1 | 4 |
Olga, Grand Duchess of Kiev, Saint,
890?-969? Also known as Saint Olga and Saint Helga, she is known for her
obliteration of the Drevlians, a tribe that killed her husband Igor, the Grand
Duke of Kiev in 945. Their son, Sviatoslav Igorevich was only 3 years old when
his father Igor I died, and she reigned as regent of Kievan Rus' for her son
until he was 15 years old from 945 until 960. Her efforts to spread
Christianity through the Rus’ earned Olga veneration as a saint. She also
changed the system of tribute gathering (poliudie) in the first legal reform
recorded in Eastern Europe.
|
1870? |
| 1/1 | 5 |
Sviatoslav Igorevich, Grand Duke of Kiev,
942?-972? Also known as Sviatoslav I of Kiev, he is famous for his
persistent campaigns in the east and south. His efforts precipitated the
collapse of two great powers of Eastern Europe: Khazaria and the First
Bulgarian Empire; and creating the largest state in Europe. Although he died at
age 30, he accomplished much in the last decade of his life. After his death,
his conquests were not consolidated into a functioning empire and no stable
succession existed, causing a fratricidal feud among his three sons.
|
1870? |
| 1/1 | 6 |
Vladimir, Grand Duke of Kiev, 956?-1015? Also known as Vladimir the Great and Saint Vladimir, he was
the natural and the youngest son of Sviatoslav Igorevich who designated him
ruler of Novgorod, and he gave Kiev to Yaropolk, his legitimate son. After
Sviatoslav's death, a fratricidal war erupted in 976 between Yaropolk and his
younger brother Oleg, ruler of the Drevlians and ultimately, both men were
killed, leaving Vladimir ruler of Kievan Rus' from 980 to 1015.
|
1870? |
| 1/1 | 7 |
Iaroslav, Grand Duke of Kiev, 978-1054 Also know as Iaroslav the Wise, he was grand prince of
Novgorod and Kiev three separate times, and united the two principalities for a
time. Under Iaroslav, the codification of legal customs and princely enactments
had begun, with this work serving as the basis for the legal code called the
"Russkaya Pravda." During his reign, from 1016-1018, and then restored from
1019 -1054, Kievan Rus' reached the zenith of its cultural flowering and
military power.
|
1870? |
| 1/1 | 8 |
Iziaslav Iaroslavich, Grand Duke of Kiev,
1024-1078 Also known as Prince of Turov, he was one of the authors of
"Pravda Yaroslavichiv," part of "Russkaya Pravda," the first legal code of
Rus'. He is also credited with the foundation of the Kiev Pechersk Monastery,
also know as the Kiev Monastery of the Caves, a preeminent center of Eastern
Orthodox Christianity in Eastern Europe.
|
1870? |
| 1/1 | 9 |
Vsevolod I Yaroslavich, Grand Prince of Kiev,
1030-1093 Also known as Vsevolod I of Kiev. After his father Iziaslav
Iaroslavich's death in 1078, he ruled as Grand Prince of Kiev until his death
in 1093, uniting the three core principalities—Kiev, Chernigov and
Pereyaslavl—into Kievan Rus'.Not a Library of Congress Name Authority File entry
|
1870? |
| 1/1 | 10 |
Sviatopolk II, Grand Prince of Kiev, 1050
–1113 Also known as Sviatopolk II Iziaslavich, he was supreme ruler
of Kievan Rus' for 20 years, from 1093 to 1113. Not a popular prince, his reign
was marked by incessant rivalry.
|
1870? |
| 1/2 | 11 |
Vladimir Vsevolodovich, Grand Duke of Kiev,
1053-1125 Also known as Vladimir II Monomakh, he ruled Chernigov from
1078 to 1094, restoring order in family feuds and assuming a leading role among
the princes of Rus' at conferences held to avert perpetual warfare among
themselves. His "Instruction," also known as his “Testament,” constitutes the
earliest known example of Old Russian literature written by a layman. In 1113,
he began his reign as Grand Duke of Kiev, ending with his death in 1125. He
promulgated a number of reforms to address the social tensions in Kiev. These
years saw the last flowering of Kievan Rus', which was torn apart 10 years
after his death.
|
1870? |
| 1/2 | 12 |
Mstislav, Velikii, 1076-1132 Also known as Mstislav I of Kiev, he was the Grand Prince of
Kiev from 1125–1132. His life was spent in constant warfare with the Cumans,
the Estonians, the Lithuanians, and the princedom of Polotsk, and was last
ruler of a united land of Rus.' During his lifetime, he built numerous churches
in both Novgorod and Kiev. Under the name Harald, he appears in the Norse
Sagas, alluding to his grandfather, Harold II of England.
|
1870? |
| 1/2 | 13 |
Yaropolk II, Grand Duke of Kiev, 1082-1139 Also known as Yaropolk II Vladimirovich, the crown of Kiev was
passed on to him following the death of his brother, Mstislav I of Kiev and he
reigned from 1132-1139. Although a brave warrior and capable military
commander, he was a weak politician who failed to stop the disintegration of
the state into separate principalities. Not a Library of Congress Name Authority File entry.
|
1870? |
| 1/2 | 14 |
Vsevolod II of Kiev, 1084?-1146 Also known as Vsevolod II Olgovich, he served as the Grand
Prince of Kiev from 1139–1146. Although he had two sons, Vsevolod's chosen
successor was his brother Igor. Shortly before his death, he became a monk,
taking the name Gavrill.Not a Library of Congress Name Authority File entry
|
1870? |
| 1/2 | 15 |
Iziaslav II of Kiev, 1096?-1154 Also known as Iziaslav II Mstislavich, he served as Grand
Prince of Kiev from 1146–1149 and was restored from 1151–1154. Amidst
contentious family feuds, Iziaslav's reign was exceptional. In1147, he ordered
a synod of bishops to install Kliment Smolyatich, a native Russian, as
metropolitan of Kiev in an attempt to establish the independence of the Russian
church. Prior to this, all except one of the 13 metropolitans were Greek.Not a Library of Congress Name Authority File entry
|
1870? |
| 1/2 | 16 |
Yury Vladimirovich, Grand Duke of Kiev,
1090?-1157 Also known as Yuri Dolgorukiy and Yuri the Long Armed, he was
a Rurikid prince and founded of the city of Moscow. In 1132, following the
death of his elder brother Mstislav the Great, he played a key role in the
transition of political power from Kiev to Suzdal . Although interested in
fortifying the northern areas, he coveted the throne of Kiev and reigned as
Grand Prince of Kiev from 1149 to 1151. He was restored as a tzar of Kiev from
1155 to 1157.
|
1870? |
Grand Princes of Vladimir By the early 11th century the Rus' state had fragmented into a
series of petty warring principalities. In1097, the Council of Liubech brought
together Rus' princes and resulted in the division of Kievan Rus' among the
princes, effectively establishing a feudal system. By the 12th century, the
Grand Duchy of Vladimir became the dominant principality, adding its name to
those of Novgorod and Kiev.
|
|||
| Box/Folder | item | ||
| 1/2 | 17 | Andrew I, Grand Prince of Vladimir,
1111-1174 Also known as Andrei I Yurevich, Andrey Bogolyubsky and Andrey
the Pious, he was Grand Prince of Vladimir-Suzdal from 1157 to 1174. His reign
saw the decline of Kiev's rule over northeastern Russian, the rise of Vladimir
as the new capital city, and the development of government and Christianity in
the forest region. As his authority grew, so did conflicts with the boyers,
resulting in his murder in 1174.
|
1870? |
| 1/2 | 18 |
Vsevolod III, Grand Duke of Vladimir-Suzdal,
1154-1212 Also know as the Grand Prince of Vladimir and Vsevolod the Big
Nest (for his fourteen children), during his long reign from 1176-1212, the
city reached the zenith of its' glory.
|
1870? |
| 1/2 | 19 |
Yuri II Vsevolodovich, Grand Duke of Vladimir,
1188-1238 Also known as George II of Vladimir and Georgy II
Vsevolodovich, he presided over Vladimir-Suzdal from 1212-1216 and again from
1218-1238, during the time of the Mongol invasions of Rus'. He was killed in
1238 in the Battle of the Sit River, when vast Mongol hordes defeated the army
of Vladimir-Suzdal.
|
1870? |
| 1/2 | 20 |
Yaroslav II of Vladimir, 1191-1246 He was the Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1238–1246 and helped
to restore the cities of Kievan Rus' including Vladimir-Suzdal after the Mongol
invasion of Rus'.Not a Library of Congress Name Authority File entry
|
1870? |
| 1/3 | 21 |
Alexander, Grand Duke of Vladimir,
1220-1263 Also known as St. Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky, he was Grand
Prince of Vladimir from 1252-1263. He halted the eastward drive into Rus' of
the Germans and Swedes but collaborated with the Mongols in imposing their
rule. He was canonized as a saint of the Russian Orthodox Church by Metropolite
Macarius in 1547.
|
1870? |
| 1/3 | 22 |
I`A`roslav I`A`roslavich, Grand Prince of Tver, active
13th century (1230? and 1271?) Also known as Yaroslav III Yaroslavich or Yaroslav of Tver, he
was the first Prince of Tver and the tenth Grand Prince of Vladimir, reigning
from 1264 to 1271.
|
1870? |
| 1/3 | 23 |
Vasily Yaroslavich, Grand Duke of Vladimir,
1241–1276 Also known as Vasily of Kostroma, he was a Grand Duke of
Vladimir from 1272 to 1276. In 1246, he was given Kostroma by his uncle
Svyatoslav III, then in 1272, he took over Vladimir, followed by Novgorod the
following year. He was one of the first princes who preferred to stay in
Kostroma, although he was the Grand Duke of Vladimir.Not a Library of Congress Name Authority File entry
|
1870? |
| 1/3 | 24 |
Dmitry Alexandrovich, Grand Prince of Vladimir-Suzdal,
1250-1294 Also known as Dmitry of Pereslavl, he was the second son of
St. Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky. He was the Grand Duke of Vladimir-Suzdal from
1277-1281, and again from 1283-1293. During his reigns, the fratricidal
hostilities with his younger brother, Andrey Gorodets caused the throne to be
fought for between the two.Not a Library of Congress Name Authority File entry
|
1870? |
| 1/3 | 25 |
Andrey III Alexandrovich, 1255-1304? Also known as Andrey of Gorodets and the younger brother of
Dmitry of Pereslav, he joined the Mongol army in 1281 and expelled his brother
from Vladimir that same year. In 1283, this brother, Dmitry of Pereslavl, was
reinstated as Grand Duke of Vladimir until 1293, when his younger brother
pillaged 14 Russian towns and forced him to abdicate. Andrey III then reigned
as Duke of Vladimir from 1293 -1304. Not a Library of Congress Name Authority File entry
|
1870? |
| 1/3 | 26 |
Michael I, Tver, Grand Prince of Vladimir,
1271-1318 Also known as Mikhail Yaroslavich and Mikhail of Tver, he
ruled as Grand Prince of Vladimir from1304-1314, and again from 1315-1318. He
is known for his anti-Mongol Golden Horde policies and his rivalry with Moscow,
which eventually cost him his life.
|
1870? |
Grand Princes of Moscow The Grand Duchy (or Principality) of Moscow, also known as
Muscovite Rus', was established by Daniel Aleksandrovich, the youngest son of
St. Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky, when he inherited it in 1283, becoming the
first Grand Prince of Moscow. The Grand Duchy of Moscow then began absorbing
its parent duchy of Vladimir-Suzdal by the 1320s, later annexing the Novgorod
Republic in 1478 and the Grand Duchy of Tver in 1485, eventually consolidating
control over the entire Rus' territory .
|
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| Box/Folder | item | ||
| 1/3 | 27 |
Ivan I, Grand Prince of Vladimir and Moscow,
1304?-1340? Also known as Ivan I Daniilovich Kalita and Ivan Kalita, he
was the Grand Prince of Moscow from 1325-1340 and Grand Duke of Vladimir from
1332-1340. His policies increased Moscow's power and made it the richest
principality in northeastern Russia. He acquired a reputation for thrift and
financial shrewdness, earning him the nickname of Kalita, or Moneybag.
|
1870? |
| 1/3 | 28 |
Simeon Ioannovich, Grand Prince of Moscow,
1316-1353 Also known as Simeon Ivanovich Gordiy and Simeon the Proud, he
was the son of Ivan Kalita. He served as Prince of Moscow and Grand Prince of
Vladimir from 1340-1353 and continued his father's policies of increasing the
power and prestige of the state.
|
1870? |
| 1/3 | 29 |
Ivan II Ivanovich the Fair, 1326-1359 Also known as Ivan II of Moscow and Ivan the Red, he was both
the Grand Prince of Moscow and Vladimir beginning in 1353, when he succeeded
his brother Simeon the Proud, who died of the Black Death. He reigned until
1359, and annexed areas southwest of Moscow, including Borovsk and Vereya. Not a Library of Congress Name Authority File entry
|
1870? |
| 1/3 | 30 |
Dmitrii Ivanovich, Grand Duke of Vladimir and Moscow,
1350-1389 Also known as Dmitry, Demetrius, and Dmitry of the Don, he
reigned from 1359-1389. He was the first prince of Moscow to openly challenge
Mongol authority in Russia and his nickname, Dmitry of the Don, alludes to his
victorious battle against the Tatars on the Don River in 1380.
|
1870? |
| 1/4 | 31 |
Vasily I Dmitriyevich of Moscow, 1371-1425 Also known as Vasily I of Moscow, he reigned between
1389-1395, and again in 1412-1425. The Mongols raided the region in 1395,
creating a state of anarchy and threating the independence of Moscow. Through
several alliances, he then reinstated himself in 1412.Photograph identified as Basile II on mounting.Not a Library of Congress Name Authority File entry.
|
1870? |
| 1/4 | 32 |
Vasily II, Grand Prince of Moscow,
1415-1462 Also known as Vasily Vasiliyevich, Vasily II the Blind and
Vasily the Dark, his long reign from 1425-1462 was plagued by the greatest
civil wars of the era. The bitter struggles for power between Vasily II against
his uncle and cousins caused him to temporarily lose his throne, as well as
being blinded.Photograph identified as Basile III l'Aveugle on mounting.Not a Library of Congress Name Authority File entry.
|
1870? |
| 1/4 | 33 |
Ivan III, Grand Duke of Russia, 1440-1505 Also known as Ivan III Vasilyevich and Ivan the Great, he was
both the Grand Prince of Moscow and the Grand Prince of all Rus. His 43 year
reign was one of the longest in Russian history, during which he ended the
dominance of Mongols/Tatars over Russia, tripled the territory and laid the
foundations of the Russian state.
|
1870? |
| 1/4 | 34 |
Vasily III, Grand Prince of Moscow,
1479-1533 Also know as Vasili III Ivanovich. Although he reigned as the
Grand Prince of Moscow from 1505 to 1533, much of what he did was to continue
the policies of his father, Ivan III and consolidate Ivan's gains.Photograph identified as Basile IV on mounting, although
Vasili IV (PH. Coll. 452.38) was also identified as Basile IV.
|
1870? |
Tsars of Russia, 1547-1721Return to Top
In 1547, Ivan IV was crowned as the first Tsar of all the Rus' establishing the formal Russia state and seen as a "divine" leader. As the first tsar, Ivan IV theoretically held absolute power, but in practice he and his successors were limited by the traditional authority of the Orthodox church, the Boyar Council, and the legal codes of 1497, 1550, and 1649.
| Container(s) | Description | Dates | |
|---|---|---|---|
Tsars before the Time of Troubles |
|||
| Box/Folder | item | ||
| 1/4 | 35 |
Ivan IV, Czar of Russia, 1530-1584 Also known as Ivan Vasilyevich and Ivan the Terrible, he
reigned as Grand Prince of Moscow from 1533 until 1547, when he was crowned the
Czar of Rus'. During his reign, although he implemented some reforms, he
carried out the first mass repressions in Russia and waged many wars to expand
the country's territory.
|
1870? |
| 1/4 | 36 |
Fyodor, Czar of Russia, 1557-1598 Also known as Fyodor I Ivanovich and Feodor the Bellringer, he
was the son of Ivan the Terrible and the last Rurikid Tsar of Russia, ending
the Rurikid dynasty. Lacking interest in government affairs, during his reign
the country was effectively administered in his name by the de facto regent,
Boris Godunov, the brother of his wife Irina.
|
1870? |
The Time of Troubles Time of Troubles was a period of political upheaval in Russia
that followed the death in 1598 of Czar Fyodor I Ivanovich, the last in the
line of the Rurik dynasty, creating a succession crisis. During this period,
foreign intervention, peasant uprisings, and the attempts of pretenders to
seize the throne threatened to destroy the state itself and caused major social
and economic disruptions. It ended in 1613 with the establishment of the
Romanov dynasty.
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| Box/Folder | item | ||
| 1/4 | 37 |
Boris Fyodorovich Godunov, Czar of Russia, 1551 or
1552-1605 After serving as the de facto regent from 1585-1598, upon the
death Czar Fyodor I Ivanovich, the Zemsky Sobor (the Russian feudal
parliament), elected Boris Fyodorovich Godunov the first non-Rurikid tsar in
1598. His reign ended in 1605 and with it, Russia descended into the Time of
Troubles.
|
1870? |
| 1/4 | 38 |
Vasily, Czar of Russia, 1552-1612 Also known as Vasily IV, Vasily Ivanovich, Vasily Shuiskii,
Vassili Chouisk, and Basil IV, he was the only member of the House of Shuiskii
to become Tsar, and the last member of the Rurikid dynasty to rule until end of
the monarchy. He reigned from 1606-1610.
Photograph identified as Basile Chouiski on mounting,
|
1870? |
Tsars after the Time of Trouble The Time of Troubles came to a close with the election of
Michael Romanov as Tsar in 1613
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|||
| Box/Folder | item | ||
| 1/4 | 39 |
Michael, Czar of Russia, 1596-1645 Also known as Michael I and Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov, he
became the first Russian Tsar of the House of Romanov. His reign from 1613-1645
saw the greatest territorial expansion in Russian history.
|
1870? |
| 1/4 | 40 |
Aleksel Mikhailovich, Czar of Russia,
1629-1676 Also known as Alexis I, and Alexis the Quiet or Peaceful, he
reigned from 1645-1676. During his rein, there were wars with Poland and
Sweden, a schism in the Russian Orthodox Church and a major Cossack rebellion;
yet the territory of Russia continued to expand.
|
1870? |
| 1/5 | 41 |
Fyodor III, Czar of Russia, 1661-1682 Also known as Feodor III Alexeyevich, he ascended the throne
as a young man in poor health, yet during his reign from 1676-1682, he fostered
the development of Western culture in Russia. Under his influence, the system
by which a noble was appointed to a service position on the basis of family
rank was abolished.
|
1870? |
| 1/5 | 42 |
Sofii`a` Alekseevna, Regent of Russia,
1657-1704 Regent of Russia from 1682-1689, she brutally eliminated her
opponents and ruled autocratically with her chief counselor and lover, Vasily
V. Gallitzin. When it was rumored that she intended to kill Peter I and
proclaim herself sole ruler, he summoned the nobles and his loyal guards,
overthrew the regency and had Sophia confined in a convent. Her political
activities were extraordinary, as Muscovite women usually kept themselves aloof
from politics
|
1870? |
Emperors of RussiaReturn to Top
In 1721, the Empire of Russia was declared by Peter the Great. The Emperor was the absolute and later the constitutional monarch of the Russian Empire. Officially, Russia would be ruled by the Romanov dynasty until the Russian Revolution of 1917. However, direct male descendants of Michael Romanov came to an end in 1730 with the death of Peter II of Russia, grandson of Peter the Great.
| Container(s) | Description | Dates | |
|---|---|---|---|
Rulers who were direct descendants of the Romanov
dynasty |
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| Box/Folder | item | ||
| 1/5 | 43 |
Peter I, Emperor of Russia, 1672-1725 Also known as Peter the Great and Peter Alexeyevich, he
jointly ruled as Tsar with his elder brother Ivan V from 1682 until Ivan V died
in1696. He then continued as Tsar until 1721, then becoming Emperor in 1721
until his death in 1725. During his reign, he undertook extensive reforms,
overcoming opposition from the country's medieval aristocracy and initiating a
series of changes affecting all areas of Russian life.
|
1870? |
| 1/5 | 44 |
Catherine I, Empress of Russia, 1684-1727 Also known as Catherine Alexeyevna and Marta Helena
Skowrońska, she was the second wife of Peter the Great and became Empress of
Russia upon his death in from 1725, reigning until her death in 1727. Catherine
I was the first woman to rule Imperial Russia, opening the legal path for a
century almost entirely dominated by women, all of whom continued Peter the
Great's policies in modernizing Russia.
|
1870? |
| 1/5 | 45 |
Peter II, Emperor of Russia, 1715-1730 Also known as Pyotr Alekseyevich, grandson of Peter the Great,
he ascended to the throne in 1727 when he was eleven years old, reigning until
1730 when he died. Due in large part to his youth, Peter's short reign was
marked by the efforts of various nobles and clans to gain influence over him.
With Peter's death, the direct male line of the Romanov Dynasty ended.
|
1870? |
Rulers from the Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov lineage |
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| Box/Folder | item | ||
| 1/5 | 46 |
Anna, Empress of Russia, 1693-1740 Also known as Anna Ioannovna , Anna Ivanovna and sometimes
anglicized as Anne, ruled as Empress of Russia from 1730-1740. Much of Anna's
administration was influenced by the actions of her uncle, Peter the Great,
continuing the move toward Westernization. Measures passed during her reign
generally favored the nobility and within Russia, it is often referred to as a
"dark era."
|
1870? |
| 1/5 | 47 |
Elizabeth, Empress of Russia, 1709-1762 Also known as Elizaveta Petrovna, Yelisaveta or Elizaveta,
she was the Empress of Russia from 1741 to 1762. Under her reign, the Russian
court was considered the most splendid in Europe, displaying her notorious
extravagance. She also displayed keen judgement and diplomatic tack, leading
the country during two major European conflicts, the War of Austrian Succession
(1740–48) and the Seven Years' War (1756–63).
|
1870? |
| 1/5 | 48 |
Peter III, Emperor of Russia, 1728-1762 Also known as Pyotr III Fyodorovich and Karl Peter Ulrich of
Herzog von Holstein-Gottorp. As an orphan, he was brought to Russia from
Germany in 1742 by his aunt, Empress Elizabeth who then declared him her heir.
After her death in 1762, he reigned for only 6 months. On July 9, 1762, he was
overthrown as result of a conspiracy led by his German wife, Princess Sophie of
Anhalt-Zerbst, who succeeded him to the throne as Catherine II.
|
1870? |
| 1/5 | 49 |
Catherine II, Empress of Russia, 1729-1796 Also known as Catherine the Great, she born Princess Sophie
of Anhalt-Zerbs. She was the Empress of Russia from 1762-1796 and the country's
longest ruling female leader. Under her reign, Russia was revitalized, growing
larger and stronger, and was recognized as one of the great powers of
Europe.
|
1870? |
| 1/5 | 50 |
Paul I, Emperor of Russia, 1754-1801 Also known as Pavel Petrovich and Pavel I, he reigned from
1796-1801, ending with his assassination. Although the supposed son of
Catherine the Great and Peter III, he was raised by his father's aunt, Empress
Elizabeth, creating a difficult familial relationships. During his reign, he
overturned many of his mother's policies, provoking the hostility of the nobles
and ultimately his assassination.
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1870? |
| 1/5 | 51 |
Alexander I, Emperor of Russia, 1777-1825 Also known as Aleksandr Pavlovich and Alexander the Blessed,
he reigned from 1801-1825. His greatest achievement was his victory over
Napoleon, who unsuccessfuly attacked Russia in 1812. He then played a role in
determining the political restructuring of post-Napoleonic Europe.
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1870? |
| 1/5 | 52 |
Nicholas I, Emperor of Russia, 1796-1855 Also known as Nikolay I Pavlovich, he reigned from
1825-1855. He was considered one of the most reactionary of Russia’s monarchs,
a symbol of militancy and oppression. On the eve of his death, the Russian
Empire had reached its geographical high point, spanning over 20 million square
kilometers (7.7 million square miles), but had a desperate need for reform.
|
1870? |
Names and SubjectsReturn to Top
Subject Terms
- Duchies--Kievan Rus--Pictorial works
- Duchies--Russia (Federation)--Velikoe kni︠a︡zhestvo moskovskoe--Pictorial works
- Emperors--Russia--Pictorial works
- Princes--Kievan Rus--Pictorial works
- Princes--Russia (Federation)--Velikoe kni︠a︡zhestvo moskovskoe--Pictorial works
- Visual Materials Collections (University of Washington)
Geographical Names
- Kievan Rus--Kings and rulers--Pictorial works
- Russia--Kings and rulers--Pictorial works
- Velikoe kni︠a︡zhestvo moskovskoe--Kings and rulers--Pictorial works
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